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L!`i`R'SH ̠! =L!} Ӡ}ڠٛ&H ! =L" FILE# NAME START COUNT STATUS`L'#L'#HHH # hh}hHHH 1 9(  1 1, DL"},O ,L  0DE B$HI VhhhL-"`H 7# =LW# nnn FREE nnn ACCOUNTED} FOR` 1:#:# :# 1E#E# E#UT (##H # =L# STATUS: D=DEL}ETED O=OPEN L=LOCKED H # =L$ UNLOCK LIST FILE EXTENTSH #$ =L?$ DELETE RECOVER FILE%H N$ =L}t$ RENAME LOCK NEXT PAGE`H $ =L$ś` w& q',+H $ =L$CANNOT DELETE OPEN FILE.}L\&,#H $ =L$ALREADY DELETED.L\& , H % =L%FILE LOCKED.L\&R@ }  Y 7 L\&})JJ(H n% =L%FILE NUMBER MISMATCH.L\&})}mm , } ~ p P ~}PI L&}~HhL2%H % =L& OF SECTORS DELETED.` t1% 1}& % T UT " u$ H q& =Lv&~~~~`UTH & =L&ENTER FILE NUMBER: 0D}EBHI V ذ ٥ԍՍ 80 0@*H ' =L2'INVALID FILE NUMBER. hh` } ͙ L H b' =Lp' ` n' b'L'S' L'?S' S' y`hh`ҍ}=mm A p P API 7ͭΠ',,ȱmȱmmm}`͙ L  w& q' 1R@   Y 7 L*}})JJ 0L*})~Hh  p P PI  0L*  p P PI }ۭ0~0 jL*Nnjjjjjj8j m, , ,L), ,mm}  p P PI LE*mm  p P PI  Q+L(H (* =LD*}DIRECTORY SHOWS nnn SECTORS` Q+ +ͧ  p P PI L* 18* * `  p P }PI L*H  * =L*NO SECTORS FOUND.L*H * =L+ nnn THRU nnn - nnn SECTORS`H + =L&+}FILE= } `H 6+ =LP+ EXTENTS=nnn SECTORS=nnn`mm  p P PI  , 1 1*}*8mm 1* *` 1?+ t1}L+L'+$H 4, =LY,SECTOR ALLOCATED. SHOULD BE FREE-nnn`$H i, =L,SECTOR FREE. SHOULD BE ALLOCATED-nnn` 1U},L%, 1,LZ, + +L+ w& q' $-ͅ˥΅e˅˩e̠̅ ˈLN&H - =L#-ENTER NEW NAME FOR } ` - , 0DEB HI V  L-ɛ .Lf-` ɛL}- w& q',, LN&"H à- =L-FILE OPEN OR DELETED. CANNOT LOCK. ` w& q')ߑLN& }w& q' ,L$R@   Y 7 L/})JJ 0L/})~Hh}  p P PI  jL/  p P PI ۭ0~0 jL/mm}   p P PI Li/L5.H Q/ =Lh/ SECTORS RECOVERED.`BȭȭͩX,}L/})JJ 1ͅ˥΅e˅˩e̠̅ ˈ t1Q/ B/ T LN&  p P PI L;0"H} 0 =L20NO SECTORS - ENTRY MARKED DELETED.L/R@   Y~})}P  } YLi/!H 0 =L0FILE NUMBER MISMATCH - SECTOR nnn`!H Ƞ0 =L0INVALID SECTOR LINK AT SECTOR nnn` 10L0 }10L0 ԭ ؠ0)06  0L]1` }ԭ ؠ0)06  0L1` ԭ ؠ}0)06  0L+2`` 2 2 4 rL{2aLu2f R&S` 7LK2} 6LK2 7LN2R'SH 2 =L2} ӠڠҠЛ'H Š2 =L2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35`U}T܍$mmɬ  p P PI  q3`'H H3 =Lp3000....................................}`#.K3 1H3$mmNnjjjjjj8j} m, *93mm  p P PI L3H3 H3O3 O3U3 }U3Z3 Z3_3 _3d3 d3i3 i3n3 n3L93#H 4 =L4 A=ALLOCATE SECTORS F=FREE SECTORS}H 4 =L 5 R=RECLAIM LOST SECTORS`H 5 =L/5 START SECTOR? `H ?5 =LR5 ENDING SECTOR? `$H b5 =L5} THRU ? `  50DEBHI V ذ ٥ԍՍ 8L}q6 1e5 050DEBHI Vɛ 6 ذ ٥ԍՍ 8Lq6 1}n5 6 S5 yhh`mm`` 5 mm  p P PI L6}LT   p P PI L7  p P PI L7  p P PI L7  p P} PI 0L7  p P PI 0L7`hhLq6 5 , mm  p P PI }L7LT @L8HHH "8hhhL7hhh 5: < T UT 2 `  ͍LR8,LO8,LO8 U8}``͙Nnjjjjjj8j m,L9R@}   YL9})L9L9~0L9 9})}}H~}h~} ~ p P ~PI }~L8`H }U9 =Ls9**CHAIN ERROR AT SECTOR H 9 =L9MUST RECOVER FILE )? hhhhhhhhh` 1}o9 9( 9LF9Nnjjjjjj8j m, mm`m}m  p P PI  9ȩgmmp  p P PI  9ȩ}˩̠ dLA;HHHˍL9;mm, HHH D;hhhJL;hhhL}:L;mmP   YNnjjjjjj8j m, m}m`#H Ӡ; =L;nnn SECTORS RECLAIMED. ` T t1;L;ҍ=mm }A p P API 5ͭΠL<,mmL<H < =L}te your backup file to the disk.4. Occasionally a file gets deleted by mistake. If the sectors used by that file have no"?}t been overwritten, DOS WIZ will allow easy recovery of the file.5. Sometimes you end up with two or more files of the sa"@}me name. If you delete or rename one with DOS, all files with that name are deleted or renamed. DOS WIZ lets you delete or r"A}ename by file number. There are never duplicate file numbers.6. DOS WIZARD provides a translation of the sector bit map "B}from the VTOC that is easily readable. It allows you to "hide" sectors from use by DOS by marking them as allocated. You ca"C}n also free allocated sectors.7. DOS WIZARD's directory listing lists ALL entries including deleted and open files. It a"D}llows you to perform many DOS functions on those files by simply referencing the file number. This does however eliminate th"E}e use of wild cards. The directory listing also tells you at a glance whether any sectors are unaccounted for.8. DOS WIZ"F}ARD will allow you to flag sectors as allocated and effectively hide them from DOS so that they will be reserved for your use"G}.9. DOS WIZARD can be used to clear unused sectors of data. This will speed up a disk duplication.10. DOS WIZARD will"H} display sectors in hex and ASCII on the same screen. It also gives much valuable information about that sector such as the "I}file to which it belongs.11. DOS WIZARD will list all extents by sector range which are occupied by a given file. An exte"J}nt is a set of contiguous sectors. A DISKETTE ANALYSIS This MENU option performs a two-stage analysis of the conte"K}nts of a DOS format diskette. Either stage may be interrupted by pressing the ESC key, but any statistics will only be valid "L}up to the point where the interrupt occurred. Stage 1 reads all DOS files which are not marked as deleted or open and v"M}erifies that the chain is intact. All chain errors are reported with the sector number where the violation occurred and the f"N}ile name for the chain being validated. A chain error is reported if: a) The file number in the sector does not reflect th"O}e file being validated; b) The next sector pointer does not point to a valid sector number; c) The sector is not marked a"P}s allocated in the VTOC; d) A read error occurs while trying to read the sector; e) The byte count in the sector is less "Q}than 1 or greater than 125. Stage 1 reports the followingcounts: 1. VALID FILES - the number of files which are acc"R}essible by DOS and contain no chain errors. 2. DELETED FILES - the number of directory entries flagged as deleted. 3. OPE"S}N FILES - the number of directory entries flagged as open. 4. BAD CHAINS - the number of files which were found to have inv"T}alid chains. 5. SECTORS ALLOCATED - the number of sectors which are marked as allocated in the Volume Table Of Contents (VT"U}OC). 6. FREE SECTORS - the number of sectors marked as not allocated in the VTOC. 7. DEAD SECTORS - the number of sectors"V} allocated less the number of sectors validated while verifying chains. These sectors cannot be referenced by DOS. Sta"W}ge 2 reads every sector on the diskette and reports the count of sectors containing no data (ZERO SECTORS) and the count of s"X}ectors which could not be read (BAD SECTORS). Stage 2 will list by sector number the first 64 bad sectors encountered. "Y} If there are more than 64 and you need to know where they are, consider using FASTDUP. C CHANGE DISKETTES This fu"Z}nction must be performed before processing a different diskette since the VTOC and directory are read into core only once by "[}DOS WIZARD. D DISPLAY DIRECTORY This MENU function lists all directory entries currently in use or formerly used o"\}n this diskette. It also gives access to many functions which may be performed on a file. The directory listing provid"]}es the following for each file: a) FILE#- This is the number of the directory entry. They are numbered from 0-63; b) NA"^}ME- This is the file name contained in this directory entry. Files which are recognizable and accessible by DOS are in REVER"_}SE VIDEO. These would appear in a DOS directory listing; c) START- The starting sector number for this file; d) COUNT- T"`}he number of sectors used by this file; e) STATUS- Will contain "D" if the file has been marked deleted, "O" if it is marke"a}d as open, and "L" if the file is locked. The display trailer contains the number of free sectors and the number of sec"b}tors accounted for which should equal 707. If this number is other than 707, there are dead sectors on the disk. However th"c}ere could still be dead sectors even if there are 707 sectors accounted for. DISKETTE ANALYSIS can be used to reveal thisco"d}ndition. DISPLAY DIRECTORY allows the following functions to be performed: a) UNLOCK - unlock file by specifying fil"e}e number. b) LOCK - lock file by specifying file number. c) DELETE - delete file by file number. This will delete the en"f}try and free all sectors up to encountering any chain error. This can be used when DOS delete will not work due to errors. "g}If a file will not delete with DOS WIZ, do a RECOVER FILE (R) against the file and then delete it. d) RENAME - rename a fil"h}e by specifying a name for a file number. e) LIST FILE EXTENTS - obtain a list of all areas of contiguous sectors occupied "i}by a file. f) RECOVER FILE - recover a deleted file or a portion of a file with a broken chain. If the file is an open fil"j}e, an extender will be used of Xnn where nn is the file number. This prevents duplicate file names due to having recreated a"k} file that was open and thought to be lost. File recovery makes a valid file out of the portion of the file that can be"l} read up to the point of an error being encountered, thus to DOS it is now a good file but it may still be useless to you. Y"m}ou can salvage portions of a data (LIST format) file but BINARY LOAD AND CSAVEd FILES CANNOT BE USED AFTER RECOVERY except by"n} the DELETE function of DOS WIZ or DOS. M SECTOR MAP This MENU function displays a translation of the sector bit m"o}ap from the VTOC. Each sector from 0-719 is represented by either a period (free sector) or an asterisk (allocated sector). "p} Since sector 0 does not exist, it is always shown as allocated. Sector 720 is not recognized by DOS and is not shown on the"q} map. To obtain the sector number of a position on the map, add the numbers from the scales on the left and top of the "r}screen. There are three functions available from this screen: a) ALLOCATE SECTOR(S) - specify starting and ending se"s}ctor numbers (inclusive). These sectors will be marked as allocated and will be unavailable to DOS. If the ending sector is"t} not specified, it will default to the starting sector so only one sector will be allocated. b) FREE SECTOR(S) - same as ab"u}ove except sectors are marked as free. These sectors become available for use by DOS when new sectors are needed. c) RECLA"v}IM LOST SECTORS - This is the powerful recovery utility discussed in the INTRODUCTION. It chases all non-deleted and unopene"w}d file chains and remembers the good sectors. Any sectors that are allocated but not on a valid chain are zeroed and release"x}d for use by DOS. If a chain error is encountered, a message is displayed indicating the sector and file. A file recovery s"y}hould be done on that file (see DISPLAY DIRECTORY) and then redo the reclaim function. It is not always necessary, but can't"z} hurt anything. S DISPLAY SECTOR(S) This MENU function is used to read a given sector and display it. The left po"{}rtion of the screen displays hex representation of the sector data while the right portion displays most of the pertinent ASC"|}II characters represented by the sector data. The bottom of the screen has valuable information about the sector. Informati"}}on is displayed only when pertinent to the sector being displayed. a) SECTOR: This is the sector number of the sector bein"~}g displayed. b) NEXT SECTOR: This is the next sector on the chain. It is only displayed when it is determined that the cur"}rent sector is indeed on a chain. c) BYTES: This is the number of bytes used by DOS in this sector. d) The lower left cor"}ner is used to display the file name to which this sector belongs and whether that file is open, closed, deleted, or locked."} There are several options available from this screen. If you press Z, 128 binary zeros will be written in the sector. "} If the sector is allocated, it can be freed by pressing F. If it is free, it can be allocated by pressing A. Pressing L wi"}ll read the next sector on the chain, while RETURN will read the next sequential sector. If the sector is the last sect"}or on a chain then message END OF CHAIN will appear in the trailer in place of NEXT SECTOR. Z ZERO UNUSED SECTORS. "} This MENU function writes a sector of binary zeros to all sectors which are marked free in the VTOC. This is beneficial if "}you use my FASTDUP program to duplicate disks. Since FASTDUP does not store or write any sectors which contain all zeros, ge"}tting rid of unused data can speed up the duplication process. The delete functions of DUP.SYS and DOS WIZARD do not zero se"}ctors as they delete the file. This is good since mistakenly deleted files can sometimes be recovered with DOS WIZ.CAUTION"}--If you have sectors marked as allocated but they are not on a file chain (to protect them from use by DOS), this function w"}ill not zero those sectors, but the RECLAIM function of the SECTOR MAP will. Know what you are doing!GENERAL INFORMATION"}Send all correspondence to:GARY C. CRIDER1105 BURGESS COURTARLINGTON, TEXAS 76015(817) 467-1114GENERAL INFORMATION fMAGNIFY MAGNIFY is a program which allows you to take any graphics 8 or graphics 7 1/2 (Micro-Painter format) file and&} dump it to your Epson (or compatible) printer. There are several extra features in this program which make it different fro&}m the many public domain screen dump utilities around. I had started out with such a program (KWIKDUMP), and started add&}ing extra features. In the end, it was becoming too slow, since it was written in Atari Basic, and I was unable to add the l&}ast few special features, so I decided to write the whole thing in machine language. One problem I had with KWIKDUMP was&} that it simply dumped the screen to the printer with no editing capabilities. Any 1-bits in the picture printed as black an&}d 0-bits printed as white. Depending on the choice of colour registers in the picture, the printed image could end up lookin&}g like a negative. To resolve this in my modified version of KWIKDUMP, I created a routine to flip all the bits in the pict&}ure. Another problem was the printed pictures were too small, taking up less than 1/4 of the page. I wanted them to be &}closer to a full page in size. My first cut at magnifying the picture was to take each bit and print it as a 2x2 square of b&}its with the same value. Each 1-bit would become 2 1-bits side by side which were printed twice. This worked fine, but led &}to rather blocky pictures. It also did not allow for the fact that graphics 7 1/2 pictures have four colours, and it would b&}e nice to try to differentiate between them. I decided to try to magnify each pair of bits together, calling it 2-bit ho&}rizontal magnification. Each pair of bits beside each other horizontally on the screen (1 pixel in graphics 7 1/2) are treat&}ed as one entity to be magnified. A bit pattern consisting of a 1 followed by a 0 (i.e. 10) becomes 1010. This bit pattern &}would be printed two times, thus supplying the vertical magnification. This helped to distinguish between the 4 colours of t&}he original picture, since a 10 or 01 pattern would look gray instead of black. However, this method still had some prob&}lems in the vertical direction. I therefore decided to add another routine which would treat each pair of bits in the vertic&}al direction as one entity for magnification, calling it 2-bit vertical magnification. Instead of taking a 1 and 0 verticall&}y and making them 1100, I made them 1010 vertically. This helped to alleviate some of the problems. Finally, I created &}a routine which implemented both 2-bit magnifications, calling it 2-bit horizontal and vertical magnification. I was now&} able to print pictures the way I wanted, using the much modified KWIKDUMP, with a number of machine language subroutines sto&}red as strings doing the magnifying and flipping. However, I could not tell what the picture was going to look like until I &}printed it in all of the different modes. Why not magnify it on the screen, and scroll around the picture, thus deciding whi&}ch magnification technique was best! Goodbye basic and hello assembly language! MAGNIFY was born. Writing it was a gre&}at learning experience. I had to be able to read the disk directory and display it, read the picture file itself, implement &}smooth scrolling, and dump the picture to the printer, and all in one program! Great stuff. In writing this program, I &}had to make several compromises due to memory restrictions. It will only read Micro-Painter format picture files (i.e. uncom&}pressed), and does no error trapping when reading the file. I can only magnify the middle 32 bytes of the 40 bytes per line &}of picture. The ANTIC chip does not allow a display line to cross a 4K boundary. When implementing smooth horizontal scroll&}ing, you create a display line which is wider than the screen, and you only show part of it. To make the magnification and s&}crolling routines as simple as possible, I chose a display line width which divided evenly into 4096 (4K). The best choice w&}as 64, which is 2x32. Besides, I didn't have enough memory to magnify the whole 7680 bytes of a graphics 7 1/2 picture.USI&}NG MAGNIFY The MAGNIFY program should be put on a DOS disk as an autorun file (i.e. name it AUTORUN.SYS for DOS 2.0). B&}oot your computer without any cartridges (hold down OPTION on XL/XE's). Once MAGNIFY has loaded and gives you the startu&}p screen, remove the program disk and put in your picture disk and press START. You will now see a list of all the files on &}the disk which have an extender of .?IC where the ? is any legal character for a filename. This allows for .MIC and .PIC. E&}ach file has a letter beside it. Press the appropriate letter for the picture you want and it will be loaded. The pictu&}re will initially be displayed in graphics 8. If you are using a television as your display device, artifacting could make y&}our picture look rather interesting. I use a monitor, and in hi-res mode it displays the pictures properly without any artif&}acting. To invert all bits (exchanging black and white), press OPTION. To switch back and forth between graphics 8 &}and 7 1/2, press SELECT. Now plug a joystick into port 1 and let's start magnifying. If you press the joystick button y&}ou will cycle through the 5 magnification modes, which are: (1) none (2) 1-bit horizontal and vertical (3) 2-bit horizont&}al and 1-bit vertical (4) 1-bit horizontal and 2-bit vertical (5) 2-bit horizontal and vertical. In any of the four ma&}gnified modes you can scroll around the picture, checking out how different areas look. Once you have decided which magnific&}ation technique should work best on your printer, press START. The full picture will be printed in the same magnification mo&}de as is currently on the display. To return to the directory menu, press the ESC key. If you want to change picture di&}sks, simply press ESC again, change disks and press START. I hope you find MAGNIFY a useful program. I certainly do, an&}d I also learned a lot about the graphics capabilities of Atari computers while writing it. Have fun!m. I certainly do, an$g