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Conner Peripherals shall not beW} liable for errors contained herein or for incidental consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performanceX}, or use of this material.Conner Peripherals, Inc. reserves the right to change, without notification, the specificationsY} contained in this manual.Copyright Conner Peripherals, Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced or translated Z}into any language in any form without the written permission of Conner Peripherals, Inc.IBM, PC/AT and PC/XT are register[}ed trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.1.0 IntroductionThis manual describes the key features, s\}pecification summary, physical characteristics, environmental characteristics, functional description, electrical interfac]}e, recommended mounting configuration, timing requirements, host address decoding, and error reporting for Conner Periphera^}ls CP30084E drive.2.0 Key FeaturesThe CP30084E Jaguar is a high performance 3.5 inch low-profile (1.0 inch high) 85 meg_}abyte (formatted) disk drive with 17 ms average seek time that is designed to operate on an IBM PC/AT. or equivalent in tra`}nslate mode.The drive features low power requirements and high shock resistance, enabling battery operation in portable enva}ironments.Because the drive contains the Task File within its control logic, it requires a simplified adapter board to opeb}rate.o85 Mbyte capacity.oLow power requirements enabling battery operation in portable environments.oHigh perc}formance rotary voice coil actuator withembedded servo system.oOne of seven run length limited code.oHigh shock red}sistance.oSealed HDA.oAutomatic actuator latch against inner stop upon power down.oMicroprocessor-controlled de}iagnostic routines that are automatically executed at start-up.oAutomatic error correction and retries, ECC on the flyf}.o512 byte block size, 64K buffer.oEmulates IBM Task File and supports additional commands.oUp to two drives may g}be daisy-chained on the AT interface.oAuto Translate mode for AT is supported.o4 Byte ECC diagnostic check in write/rh}ead.oMaster/Slave option, either CAM or Conner compatable.oAutomatic read look ahead.3.0 Specification Summaryi}3.1 CapacityFormatted 85 Mbytes 3.2 Physical ConfigurationDisk TypeThin filmHead TypeMIGActuator TypeRotaryj} Voice-CoilNumber of Disks1Data Surfaces2Data Heads2ServoEmbeddedTracks per Surface1806Track Density (TPI)k}2150 TPIFormatted Track Cap.23,552 bytesBytes per Block 512Blocks per Drive166,152Sectors per Track 463.3 Performanl}ceSeek TimesTrack to Track: 3.0 ms Average: 17.0 ms Maximum: 30.0 msAverage Latency7.8 msRotation m}Speed 3833 RPMData Transfer Rate 2.0 Mbyte/secStart Time(Power Up)typical: 10 secondsmaximum: 20 secondsStop Timn}e (Power Down)typical: 7 secondsmaximum: 15 secondsInterleave1:1The timing is measured through the interface wito}h the drive operating at nominal DC input voltage and nominal operating temperature. The timing also assumes that:- Biosp} and PC system hardware dependency have  been subtracted from timing measurements.- The drive is operated using it's nq}ative drive  paramenters.- The controller overhead, measured through the  interface, is the time it takes to start ar} seek  after the drive has been selected.The average seek time is determined by averaging the seek time for a minimum os}f 1000 seeks of random length over the surface of the disk. These numbers assume spin recovery is not invoked.If spin recovt}ery is invoked, the maximum could be 40 seconds. Briefly removing power can lead to spin recovery being invoked.3.4 Readu}/WriteInterfaceTask FileRecording Method1 of 7 RLL codeRecording Density (ID)42,173 bits per inchFlux Density (ID)v}31,630 flux reversals per inch3.5 Power Requirements (Typical)+5V DC +12V DCPowerRead/Write Mode390 ma140 w}ma3.75 WSeek Mode200 ma230 ma3.75 WIdle Mode200 ma120 ma2.50 WStandby Mode130 ma10 ma0.75 WSleep Mode130 ma10x} ma0.75 WSpin-up Mode 420 ma1100 man/aRead/Write Mode occurs when data is being read from or written to the disk.Seey}k Mode occurs while the actuator is in motion.Idle Mode occurs when the drive is not reading, writing or seeking. The moz}tor is up to speed and DRIVE READY condition exists. Actuator is residing on last accessed track. Standby Mode occurs when{} the motor is stopped and actuator is parked. STANDBY MODE may occur after a programmable time-out since last host occurs. |}The drive will leave STANDBY MODE upon receipt of a command which requires disk access or upon receipt of a spin up command}}.Sleep Mode occurs when all electronics are disabled. The Host is required to issue a RESET to exit the SLEEP MODE.Spin~}-Up Mode current draw is for 7 seconds maximum.Maximum noise allowed (DC to 1 MHZ, with equivalent resistive load):Voltag}e+5 Volt+12 VoltNoise2%1%3.6 Physical CharacteristicsDimensions:1.00" x 4.00" x 5.75"Weight:1.3 pounds4.0 En}vironmental CharacteristicsTemperature: Operating 5 deg. C to 55 deg.CNon-operating-40 deg. C to 60 deg.CThermal G}radient 20 deg.C per hour max.Humidity:Operating8% to 80% non-condensingNon-operating8% to 80% non-condensingMaximum }Wet Bulb30 deg.C per hour maximumAltitude (relative to sea level)Operating-200 to 10,000 feetNon-operating (maximum)40,}000 feet4.1 Reliability And MaintenanceMTBF150,000 hours (POH)1MTTR10 minutes typicalPreventive MaintenanceNoneCo}mponent Design Life5 yearsData Reliablity<1 non-recoverable error in 1013 bits read4.2 Shock and VibrationShock 1}/2 sine pulse, 11 millisecond durationVibration Swept sine, 1 octave per minuteNon-operating shock 100G'sNon-operating vibr}ation 5-62 HZ (1/2 oct/min) 0.100 inch displacement (double amplitude) 63-400 Hz (1/2 oct/min) 5 G's peakOperating Shock } 10 G's (without non-recoverable errors)Operating Vibration 5-27 Hz 0.100 inch displacement (double amplitude) 28-4}00 Hz .5 G's (without non-recoverable error)4.3 Magnetic FieldThe disk drive will meet its specified performance while }operating in the presence of an externally produced magnetic field under the following conditions:FrequencyField Intensi}ty0 to 700Khz6 gauss maximum700Khz to 1.5Mhz1 gauss maximum4.4 Acoustic NoiseThe sound pressure level will not exceed }42 dBA in any mode at a distance of 1 meter from the drive.4.5 Safety StandardsConner Peripherals disk drives are desig}ned to comply with relevant product safety standards such as:oUL 478, 5th edition, Standard for Safety of Information P}rocessing and Business Equipment, andUL 1950, Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment oCSA 22.2 #154}, Data Processing Equipment andCSA 22.2 #220, Information Processing and Business Equipment.CSA 22.2 #950, Safety of Info}rmation Technology Equipment.oIEC 435 Safety Requirements for Data Processing Equipment,IEC 380, Safety of Electrically }Energized Office Machines, andIEC 950, Safety of Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment}.oVDE 0805 Equivalent to IEC 435,VDE 0805 TIEL 100, Equivalent to IEC 950, and VDE 0806, Equivalent to IEC 380.oTUV} EssenTUV Rheinland5.0 Functional DescriptionThe drive contains all necessary mechanical and electronic parts to inte}rpret control signals, position the recording heads over the desired track, read and write data, and provide a contaminant }free environment for the heads and disks.5.1Read/Write and Control ElectronicsOne integrated circuit is mounted within t}he sealed enclosure in close proximity to the read/write heads. Its function is to provide head selection, read pre-amplifi}cation, and write drive circuitry.The single microprocessor-controlled circuit card provides the remaining electronic fun}ctions which include:oRead/Write CircuitryoRotary Actuator ControloInterface ControloSpin Speed ControloDynam}ic BrakingoPower ManagementAt power down the heads are automatically retracted to the inner diameter of the disk and ar}e latched and parked on a landing zone that is inside the data tracks.5.2 Drive MechanismA brushless DC direct drive mo}tor rotates the spindle at 3833 RPM. The motor/spindle assembly is dynamically balanced to provide minimal mechanical run}out to the disks. A dynamic brake is used to provide a fast stop to the spindle motor and return the heads to the landi}ng zone when power is removed.5.3Air Filtration SystemThe head-disk assembly is a sealed enclosure with an integra}l 0.3 micron filter which maintains a clean environment for the heads and disks.5.4Head Positioning MechanismThe read/}write heads are supported by a mechanism coupled to a rotary voice coil actuator.5.5Read/Write Heads and DisksData is r}ecorded on 95mm diameter disks through 3370 type heads.5.6 Error Correction The drive uses a Reed-Solomon code to perfor}m error detection and correction. The software error correction polynomial is capable of correcting one error burst with a} maximum of 22 bits or 2 error bursts of up to 11 bits each, per 512 byte block. Single bursts of 11 bits or less are corr}ected on the fly (EOF) with no performance degradation.5.7 Master/Slave ConfigurationThe drive is designed to operate e}ither as a Master Drive (C Drive) or a Slave Drive (D Drive). This feature is dependent on two drive settings; the status }of hardware Jumper M/S and the firmware setting of a feature bit. When (M/S) is closed the drive will assume the role of a} Master Drive. When (M/S) is open the drive will act as the Slave. In single drive configurations M/S must remain in the} closed position. The feature word bit 8 determines if the drive will act according to ATA/CAM or ISA/Conner protocol durin}g master/slave detection.When two drives are daisy chained on the interface, commands are written in parallel to both driv}es, only the selected drive will execute the command, except for the diagnostic command. In that case, both drives execute} the command and the slave reports its status to the master via the -HOST-PDIAG signal.Drives are selected by the DRV bit} in the drive/head Register and by a jumper, on the drive designating it as either a master or slave. When the DRV bit is }reset, the master drive is selected, and when the DRV bit is set, the slave drive is selected. When drives are daisy chaine}d, one must be jumpered as the master and one as the slave. When a single drive is attached to the interface, it must be }jumpered as the master. Throughout this document, drive selection always refers to the state of the DRV bit, and position o}f the master/slave jumper.6.0 Electrical Description6.1 Power ConnectorsThe drive has two power connectors; a standar}d 4 pin DC power connector and a smaller 3 pin connector. Power must only be supplied at one source.The mating connector} for the 4 pin connector is AMP 1-480424-0 (Housing) and AMP 60619-4 (loose piece) or 61117-4 (strip) contacts.The follow}ing table describes the 4 pin power connector pins:PinSignal1+12V2GND3GND4+5VThe mating connector for the thre}e pin connector is Molex series 54-84 Header, housing Molex part number 39-01-0033 and terminal part number 39-00-0031 (loo}se) or 39-00-0023 (strip).The following table describes the 3 pin power connector pins.PinSignal1+5V2+12V3GND7.}0 Host Interface7.1 DescriptionThe interface between the drive adapter and the drive is called the Host Interface. The} set of registers in the I/O space of the Host controlled through the Host Interface is known as the Task File. The physic}al interface from the drive to the host is implemented using a 40 pin connector. The pin descriptions follow.7.2 Interf}ace ConnectorThe recommended mating connector is Molex P/N 15-47-3401 or equivalent. Two drives may be daisy chained on th}is connector, and the maximum cable length is 18 inches.7.3 Signal LevelsAll signal levels are TTL compatible. A logic }"1" is > 2.0 Volts. A logic "0" is from 0.00 Volts to .70 Volts. The drive capability of each of the inbound signals is d}escribed below.7.4 Signal ConventionsAll signals on the Host Interface shall have the prefix HOST. All negatively acti}ve signals shall be further prefixed with a "-" designation. All positive active signals shall be prefixed with a '+' des}ignation. Signals whose source are the Host, are said to be "outbound" and those whose source is the drive, are said to be} "inbound".These are the standard pin designators for the ISA/Conner architecture. Signal NameDirPinDescription}-HOST RESETO01Reset signal from the Host system which is active low during power up and inactive thereafter}.GNDO 2Ground between drive and Host.+HOST DATA I/O3-1816 bit bi-directional data bus 0-15 between the hos}t and the drive. The lower 8 bits, HD0- HD7, are used for register & ECC access. All 16 bits are used for d}ata transfers. These are tri-state lines with 24 mA drive capability.GNDO19Ground between drive and Host.}KEYN/C20An unused pin clipped on the drive and plugged on the cable. Used to guarantee correct orientation }of the cable.RESERVEDO21,27,28,29GNDO22Ground between drive and host.-HOST IOWO23Write strobe, the ris}ing edge of which clocks data from the host data bus, HD0 through HD15, into a register or the data registe}r of the drive.GNDO24Ground between drive and host.-HOST READ IORO25Read strobe, which when low enables da}ta from a register or the data register of the drive onto the host data bus, HD0 through HD15. The rising e}dge of -HOST IOR latches data from the drive at the host.GNDO26Ground between drive and Host.GND O30Groun}d between drive and host.+HOST IRQ14I31Interrupt to the Host system, enabled only when the drive is selected, and} the host activates the -IEN bit in the Digital Output register. When the -IEN bit is inactive, or the }drive is not selected, this output in a high impedance state, regardless of the state of the IRQ bit. The }interrupt is set when the IRQ bit is set by the drive CPU. IRQ is reset to zero by a Host read of the Status} register or a write to the command register. This signal is a tri-state line with 8 ma drive capacity.-H}OST IO16I32Indication to the Host system that the 16 bit data register has been addressed and that the drive }is prepared to send or receive a 16 bit data word. This line is tri-state line with 24 mA drive capacity.}-HOST PDIAGI34ISA - At POR-PDIAG will be activated by the slave within 1 ms. If the master doesn't see -PDIAG} active after 4 ms it will assume no slave is present. -PDIAG will remain active until the slave is ready t}o go not busy or 14.0 seconds on a power on reset. The master will wait 14.5 seconds or until the slave }de-activates -PDIAG on power on reset before it goes not busy. The slave will de-activate -PDIAG and go} not busy, if it is not ready after the 14.0 seconds. Neither drive will set ready or seek complete until }they have reached full spin speed and are ready to read/write.During a software reset, -PDIAG will }be activated by the slave within 1 ms. If the master doesn't see -PDIAG active after 4 ms it will assume no} slave is present. The slave will not de-activate -PDIAG until it is ready to go not busy or 400 ms. The }master will only wait 450 milliseconds or until the slave de-activates -PDIAG before it goes not busy. The }slave will only wait 450 milliseconds before it activates -PDIAG and goes not busy. The slave will not set} ready or seek complete until those states are achieved.After reset, -PDIAG will be used for the dia}gnostic command in the following manner. It is output by the drive if it is the slave drive, input to the }drive if it is the master drive. This low true signal indicates to a master that the slave has passed its i}nternal diagnostic command. This line is only inactive high during execution of the diagnostic command. -}HOST PDIAGI34CAM - DASP- (Drive Active/Drive 1 Present) This is a time-multiplexed signal which indicates tha}t a drive is active, or that Drive 1 is present.This signal shall be an open collectoroutput and each drive} shall have a 10K ohm pull-up resistor.During power on initialization or after RESET- is negated, DASP- sh}all be asserted by Drive 1 within 400 ms to indicate that Drive 1 is present.Drive 0 shall allow up to 450} ms for Drive 1 to assert DASP-. If Drive 1 is not present, Drive 0 may assert DASP- to drive an activity L}ED.DASP- shall be negated following acceptance of the first valid command by Drive 1 or after 31 seconds, }whichever comes first.Any time after negation of DASP-, either drive may assert DASP- to indicate th}at a drive is active.+HOST A0,A1,A2O35-33-Bit binary coded address used to 36select the individual registers in }the task file. -HOST CS0O37Chip select decoded from the host address bus. Used to select some of }the Host accessible registers.-HOST CS1O38Chip select decoded from the Host address bus. Used to select three }of the registers in the Task File.-SPIN SYNC/ACTI39Signal from the drive used either to drive an active LED wh}enever the disk is being accessed or as an indication of a second drive present. (See the Customer Options }section for further information).GNDO40Ground between drive and host.7.5 Auxiliary ConnectorThe Auxiliary c}onnector is used to provide optional signals at the front of the drive. No connection should be made to the pins marked RE}SERVED. These pins are reserved for factory test purposes and improper connection may adversely affect the drive.PinSi}gnalPin Signal01GND02Reserved03+LED04-LED05KEY06KEY07Reserved08Reserved09Reserved10Reserved11Rese}rved12Reserved13Reserved14 Reserved15Reserved16ReservedThe signal names for the ATA/CAM architecture are:21}DMARQ27-IOCHRDY28Spindle Sync 8 Cable Select29DMA ACK39-DASPJConner Peripherals, Inc.CP3000 Intelligent Disk DriveProduct ManualRevision IIOctober, 19903081 Zank }er RoadSan Jose, CA 95134-2128(408) 456-4500NoticeConner Peripherals makes no warranty of any kind with regard to }this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpos }e. Conner Peripherals shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental consequential damages in connectio }n with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.Conner Peripherals, Inc. reserves the right to change, withou }t notification, the specifications contained in this manual.Copyright Conner Peripherals, Inc. No part of this publication }may be reproduced or translated into any language in any form without the written permission of Conner Peripherals, Inc.I }BM, PC/AT and PC/XT are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.Table of Contents1.0Scop }e of Manual2.0Key Features 3.0Specification Summary3.1Capacity3.2Physical Configuration3.3Performance }3.4Read/Write3.5Power Requirements (Typical)3.6Physical Characteristics4.0Environmental Characteristics4.1Te }mperature4.2Humidity4.3Altitude (relative to sea level)4.4Reliability and Maintenance4.5Shock and Vibration }4.6Magnetic Field4.7Acoustic Noise4.8Safety Standards5.0Functional Description5.1Read/Write and Control Ele }ctronics5.2Drive Mechanism5.3Air Filtration System5.4Head Positioning Mechanism5.5Reas/Write Heads and Disks }5.6Error Correction5.7Customer Options6.0Electrical Description6.1Power Connectors6.2Power Connector Pin De }scription6.3Task File Interface Connector6.4Diagnostic Routines7.0Recommended Mounting Configuration7.1Shock }Tolerance Features7.2Mechanically Isolated Mounting Points8.0Electrical Description8.1Signal Levels8.2Signal }Conventions8.3Pin Descriptions1.0Scope of ManualThis manual describes the key features, specification summary }, physical characteristics, environmental characteristics, functional description, electrical interface, recommended moun }ting configuration, timing requirements, Host address decoding, command description, operations description, and error re }porting for the Conner Peripherals model CP3000. 2.0Key FeaturesThe CP3000 is a high performance 3.5 inch low-profil }e (1.00") 42.8 megabyte (formatted) disk drive with a 28 ms average seek time. It is designed to operate on an IBM. PC/AT } or equivalent in translate mode. Key features of the CP3000 include:oLow power requirements enabling battery }operation in portable environmentsoHigh performance rotary voice coil actuator with embedded servo systemoHigh s }hock resistanceoInternal air filtration systemoSealed HDAoAutomatic actuator latch against inner stop upon p }ower downoMicroprocessor-controlled diagnostic routines that are automatically executed at start-upoAutomatic erro }r correction and retriesoBlock size: 512 bytesoEmulates IBM Task File and supports additional commandsoUp t }o two drives may be daisy-chained on this interfaceoTranslate mode (17 sectors, 5 heads, 980 cylinders) is suppor }tedo1:1 interleaveoLook Ahead Read CapabilityoAC Hysteresis on interfaceo8K Buffer3.0Specification Summary }3.1 Capacity42.8 MbytesFormatted3.2 Physical ConfigurationActuator TypeRotary Voice-CoilNumber of Disks1 }Data Surfaces2Data Heads2ServoEmbeddedTracks per surface1045Track Density (TPI)1400Bytes per block }512Sectors per Track40The physical parameters of the drive are 1045 cylinders, 2 heads, and 40 sectors. At power-u }p, the drive will default to the native mode for this drive, which is 522 cylinders, 4 heads, and 40 sectors. This driv }e supports a translate mode of 980 cylinders, 5 heads, and 17 sectors. Drives with microcode level 2.32 and above will al }so support a translation emulating the CP344 native parameters of 805 cylinders, 4 heads, and 26 sectors. (refer to Initi }alize Drive Parameters command).3.3 PerformanceSeek TimesTrk. to Trk.11.0msAverage28.0msMaximum50.0ms }Rotational Speed3557 RPMData Trans. Rate1.5 Mbytes/secStart TimeTypical5 secMax.10 secStop Time }Typical 5 secMax10 secInterleave1:1Buffer Size8KThe timing is measured through the interface with the }drive operating at nominal DC input voltages. The timing also makes the following assumptions:o BIOS overhead and PC } system hardware dependency have  been subtracted from timing measurements.o The drive is operated using its native dri }ve parameters. The average seek time is determined by averaging the seek time for a minimum of 1000 seeks of ran }dom length over the  surface of the disk. These numbers assume spin recovery is not invoked. If  spin recovery is in }voked, the maximum could be 40 seconds.  Briefly removing power can lead to spin recovery being invoked.3.4 Read/Write }InterfaceTask FileRecording Method2 of 7 RLL codeRecording Density30,871 bpiFlux Density20,581 rpi3.5 Power }Requirements (Typical)+12VDC+5VDCPowerR/W Mode230ma275ma4.2 WSeek Mode140ma180ma2.8 WIdle Mode120ma120ma }2.0 WStandby Mode10ma90ma0.5 WSpin-up Mode700ma180maN/ARead/Write Mode: Occurs when data is being read from o }r written to the disk.Seek Mode: Occurs while the actuator is in motion.Idle Mode: Occurs when the drive is not rea }ding, writing or seeking. The motor is up to speed and DRIVE READY condition exists. Actuator is residing on last accesse }d track. Standby Mode: Occurs when the motor is stopped, actuator parked and all electronics except interface control i }s in sleep state. STANDBY MODE will occur after a programmable time-out since last Host access occurs. Drive ready and }seek complete status exist. The drive will leave STANDBY MODE upon receipt of a command which requires disk access or up !}on receipt of a spin up command.Spin-up Mode: Occurs while the spindle motor is accelerating from its state to its ope "}rational speed. During the typical spin-up cycle, current on the 12 volt line may reach up to 900 mA for up to 500 micros #}econds. The specified current is the averaged value over the spin-up cycle. Maximum noise allowed (DC to 1 MHZ, with equ $}ivalent resistive load)3.6 Physical CharacteristicsDimensions1.00" x 4.00" x 5.75" Weight1.1 Pound4.0Environmen %}tal Characteristics4.1 TemperatureOperating5 deg. C to 55 deg. CNon-operating-40 deg. C to 60 deg. CThermal Gra &}dient20 deg. C per hr. (Max)4.2 HumidityOperating8% to 80% NoncondensingNon-operating8% to 80 NoncondensingMax '}. Wet Bulb26 deg. C4.3 Altitude (relative to sea level)Operating-200 to 10,000 feetNon-operating (max)40,000 fee (}t4.4 Reliability and MaintenanceMTBF100,000 hrs. (POH)MTTR10 Min. typicalMaint.None4.5 Shock Non-o )}perating75 GsOperating5 Gs**Without nonrecoverable errors4.6 Magnetic FieldThe externally induced magnetic flu *}x density may notexceed six gauss as measured at the disk.4.7 Acoustic Noise40 dBA at a distance of 1 meter from the +}drive.4.8Safety StandardsThe drive is designed to comply with relevant product safety standards such as:o UL 478, ,} 5th edition, Standard for Safety of Information Processing and Business Equipment, and UL 1950, Standard for Safety of I -}nformation Technology Equipment oCSA 22.2 #154, Data Processing Equipment andCSA 22.2 #220, Information Processing and B .}usiness Equipment.oIEC 435 Safety Requirements for Data Processing Equipment,IEC 380, Safety of Electrically Energized O /}ffice Machines, andIEC 950, Safety of Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment.oVDE 08 0}05 Equivalent to IEC 435,VDE 0805 TIEL 100, Equivalent to IEC 950, and VDE 0806, Equivalent to IEC 380.5.0Functional D 1}escriptionThe CP3000 contains all mechanical and electronic parts necessary to interpret control signals, position the r 2}ecording heads over the desired track, read and write data, and provide a contaminant free environment for the heads and 3}disks.5.1 Read/Write and Control ElectronicsOne integrated circuit is mounted within the sealed enclosure in close pr 4}oximity to the read/write heads. Its function is to provide one of two head selections, read pre-amplification, and writ 5}e data circuitry.The single microprocessor controlled circuit card provides the remaining electronic functions which inc 6}lude:oRead/Write CircuitryoRotary Actuator ControloInterface ControloSpin Speed ControloDynamic BrakingoPo 7}wer ManagementAt power down or the start of STANDBY MODE, the heads are automatically retracted to the inner diameter of 8} the disk. There they are latched and parked on a landing zone that is inside the data tracks.5.2 Drive MechanismA 9} brushless DC direct drive motor rotates the spindle at 3557 rpm. The motor/spindle assembly is balanced to provide mini :}mal mechanical runout to the disks and to reduce vibration of the HDA. A dynamic brake is used to provide a fast stop to ;}the spindle motor when power is removed, or upon initiation of STANDBY MODE.5.3 Air Filtration SystemThe head-disk a <}ssembly is a sealed enclosure with an integral 0.3 micron filter which maintains a clean environment for the heads and di =}sks.5.4 Head Positioning MechanismThe two read/write heads are supported by a mechanism coupled to the voice coil act >}uator.5.5 Read/Write Heads and DisksData is recorded on one 95 mm diameter disk through two 3370 type composite ferri ?}te heads.5.6 Error CorrectionThe CP3000 performs internal error correction. The error correction polynomial is capab @}le of correcting one error burst with a maximum of 8 bits per 512 byte block. The following polynomial is used:Forwar A}d: P(X) = (X32+X28+X26+X19+X17+X10+X6+X2+1)5.7 Customer OptionsThere are four jumper options available for configurati B}on: HSP, C/D, DSP, and ACT. HSP, when jumpered, connects the -HOST SLV/ACT signal on the interface to ground for sys C}tems that require the slave drive to provide -SLAVE PRESENT signal in a two-drive system. C/D is the address jumper. W D}hen jumpered, the master (or C drive), is selected. When open, the slave (or D drive), is selected. DSP, when jumpere E}d, indicates to the master drive that a slave is present. In a two-drive system, this jumper option must be installed in F} the master, or C drive. The last jumper, ACT, connects the -ACTIVE signal to the -HOST SLV/ACT signal on the interface G}. This signal provides the capability to drive an external LED. An external current limiting resistor is required. A H}s an alternative, an LED may be connected between J4, pins 1 and 2. This would provide both an open collector drive signal I} and a current limiting resistor connected to +5V respectively.Note 1: In a two drive system, it is possible to drive J} one LED with both drives. An external current limiting resistor is required. Note 2: If the drive is connected to a K}Host that requires that the signal -DRIVE SLAVE PRESENT be supplied from the slave drive, via the interface signal -HOST L} SLV/ACT, then this jumper must be installed. If this jumper is installed, the ACT jumper must not be installed because M}the two jumpers are mutually exclusive.6.0Electrical Interface6.1 Power ConnectorsThe CP3000 has a 4-pin DC power N} connector (J3) mounted on the PCB. The recommended mating connector is AMP part number 1-480424-0 utilizing AMP pins (pa O}rt number 350078-4 or equivalent). DC power may also be supplied to the drive through a 3 pin connector (J5). The recomm P}ended mating connector is Molex part number 39-01-0033 utilizing Molex pins (part number 39-00-0031 or equivalent). Po Q}wer is to be supplied at either J3 or J5, but not both.6.3 Task File Interface ConnectorThe CP3000 has a 40-pin Task F R}ile Interface connector (J2) mounted on the printed circuit board. The recommended mating connector is Molex part number S} 10-91-2401 or equivalent. Two drives may be daisy chained together at this connector. Maximum cable length is two fe T}et. 6.4 Diagnostic RoutinesThe microprocessor performs diagnostics upon application of power. If an error is detecte U}d, the CP3000 will not come ready.7.0 Recommended Mounting ConfigurationThe CP3000 drive is designed to be used in appli V}cations where the unit may experience shock and vibrations at greater levels than larger and heavier disk drives.7.1 S W}hock Tolerance FeaturesThe design features which allow greater shock tolerance are the use of rugged heads and media, a X}dedicated landing zone, closed loop servo positioning, and specially designed motor and actuator assemblies. 7.2 Me Y}chanically Isolated Mounting PointsTen base mounting points are provided to the customer. The drive is mounted using 6- Z}32 screws; 1/8" maximum insertion for the sides, and 1/4" maximum insertion for the bottom. The system integrator should [} allow ventilation to the drive to ensure reliable drive operation over the operating temperature range. The drive may b \}e mounted in any attitude.For additional vibration isolation, an external suspension system may be used. 8.0Electric ]}al Description8.1 Signal LevelsAll signal levels are TTL compatible. A logic "1" is greater than 2.0 volts. A logic ^} "0" is from 0.00 volts to .70 volts. 8.2 Signal ConventionsThe interface between the drive adapter and the drive is c _}alled the Host Interface. The set of registers in the I/O space of the Host is known as the Task File.All signals on t `}he Host Interface shall have the prefix HOST. All negatively active signals shall be further prefixed with a "-" designa a}tion. All positive active signals shall be prefixed with a "+" designation. Signals whose source are the Host, are sai b}d to be "outbound" and those whose source is the drive, are said to be "inbound".8.3 Pin DescriptionsThe following ta c}ble describes all of the pins on the Task File Interface:Signal NameDirPinDescription- HOST RESETO01Reset signa d}l from the Host system which is active low during power up and inactive thereafter.GNDO02Ground between e}drive and Host.+HOST DATA I/O03-1816-bit bi-directional data bus 0-16 between the Host and the drive. The l f}ower 8 bits, HD0 - HD7, are used for register and ECC access. All 16 bits are used for data transfers. Th q}B%DOS SYSB*)DUP SYSBSCP30084ETXTBCP3000 TXTBCP3044 TXTBFAXCMD SETBUPGRADESFAQBCCP3360 TXTB+RELOC TXTese are tri-state lines with 24 mA drive capability.GNDO19Ground between drive and Host.KEYN/C20An unused r} pin clipped on the drive and plugged on the cable. Used to guarantee correct orientation of the cable.RE s}SERVEDO21GNDO22Ground between drive and Host.- HOST IOWO23Write strobe, the rising edge of which clocks t} data from the Host data bus, HD0 through HD15, into a register or the data register of the drive.GNDO u}24Ground between drive and Host.- HOST IORO25Read strobe which, when low, enables data from a register or the d v}ata register of the drive onto the Host data bus HD0 through HD15. The rising edge of - HOST IOR latches w}data from the drive at the Host.GNDO26Ground between drive and Host.RESERVEDO27,29+HOST ALEO28Host Add x}ress Latch Enable. A signal used to qualify the address lines. This signal is presently not used by the dr y}ive.GNDO30Ground between drive and Host.+HOST IRQ14I31Interrupt to the Host system, enabled only when the z}drive is selected, and the Host activates the - IEN bit in the Digital Output register. When the -IEN bit i {}s inactive, or the drive is not selected, this output is in a high impedance state, regardless of the state  |}of the IRQ bit. The interrupt is set when the IRQ bit is set by the drive CPU. IRQ is reset to zero by a Host }}read of the Status register or a write to the command register. This signal is a tri-state line with 8 mA d ~}rive capacity.- HOST IO16I32Indication to the Host system that the 16 bit data register has been addr }essed and that the drive is prepared to send or receive a 16 bit data word. This line is a tri-state line w }ith 24 mA drive capacity.- HOST PDIAGI34Passed diagnostic. Output by the drive if it is strapped in the sla }ve mode (C/D not jumpered). Input to the drive if it is strapped in the master mode (C/D jumpered). This l }ow true signal indicates to a master that the slave has passed its internal diagnostic command. This line i }s a tri-state line with 24 mA drive capability.+HOST A0,O35,Bit binary coded address used to select A1, A2 }33,36 the individual registers in the task file.- HOST CS0O37Chip select decoded from the Host address bus. } Used to select some of the Host accessible registers.- HOST CS1O38Chip select decoded from the Host a }ddress bus. Used to select three of the registers in the Task File.- HOST SLV/ACTI39Signal from the drive used ei }ther to drive an active LED whenever the disk is being accessed or as an indication of a second drive prese }nt. (See the Customer Options section for further information.) When jumpered as -ACTIVE, this signal is }active low when the drive is busy and has a drive capability of 20 mA. When jumpered as -SLAVE PRESENT signa }l, it is an indication of the presence of a second drive when low. In this state, it has a drive capabilit }y of 10 mA open drain.GNDO40Ground between drive and Host. BConner Peripherals, Inc.CP3044 Intelligent Disk DriveProduct ManualRevision IIOctober, 19903081 Zank}er RoadSan Jose, CA 95134-2128(408) 456-4500NoticeConner Peripherals makes no warranty of any kind with regard to }this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpos}e. Conner Peripherals shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental consequential damages in connectio}n with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.Conner Peripherals, Inc. reserves the right to change, withou}t notification, the specifications contained in this manual.Copyright Conner Peripherals, Inc. No part of this publication }may be reproduced or translated into any language in any form without the written permission of Conner Peripherals, Inc.I}BM, PC/AT and PC/XT are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.Table of Contents1.0Scop}e of Manual2.0Key Features 3.0Specification Summary3.1Capacity3.2Physical Configuration3.3Performance}3.4Read/Write3.5Power Requirements (Typical)3.6Physical Characteristics4.0Environmental Characteristics4.1Te}mperature4.2Humidity4.3Altitude (relative to sea level)4.4Reliability and Maintenance4.5Shock and Vibration}4.6Magnetic Field4.7Acoustic Noise4.8Safety Standards5.0Functional Description5.1Read/Write and Control Ele}ctronics5.2Drive Mechanism5.3Air Filtration System5.4Head Positioning Mechanism5.5Reas/Write Heads and Disks}5.6Error Correction5.7Customer Options6.0Electrical Description6.1Power Connectors6.2Power Connector Pin De}scription6.3Task File Interface Connector6.4Diagnostic Routines7.0Recommended Mounting Configuration7.1Shock }Tolerance Features7.2Mechanically Isolated Mounting Points8.0Electrical Description8.1Signal Levels8.2Signal }Conventions8.3Pin Descriptions1.0Scope of ManualThis manual describes the key features, specification summary}, physical characteristics, environmental characteristics, functional description, electrical interface, recommended moun}ting configuration, timing requirements, Host address decoding, command description, operations description, and error re}porting for the Conner Peripherals model CP3044. 2.0Key FeaturesThe CP3044 is a high performance 3.5 inch low-profile} (1.00") 42.8 megabyte (formatted) disk drive with a 25 ms average seek time. It is designed to operate on an IBM. PC/AT o}r equivalent in translate mode. Key features of the CP3044 include:oLow power requirements enabling batteryoper}ation in portable environmentsoHigh performance rotary voice coil actuator with embedded servo systemoHigh shock} resistanceoInternal air filtration systemoSealed HDAoAutomatic actuator latch against inner stop upon power} downoMicroprocessor-controlled diagnostic routines that are automatically executed at start-upoAutomatic error co}rrection and retriesoBlock size: 512 bytesoEmulates IBM Task File and supports additional commandsoUp to tw}o drives may be daisy-chained on this interfaceoTranslate mode (17 sectors, 5 heads, 980 cylinders) is supported}o1:1 interleaveoLook Ahead Read CapabilityoAC Hysteresis on interfaceo8K Buffer3.0Specification Summary3.}1 Capacity42.8 MbytesFormatted3.2 Physical ConfigurationActuator TypeRotary Voice-CoilNumber of Disks1}Data Surfaces2Data Heads2ServoEmbeddedTracks per surface1047Track Density (TPI)1400Bytes per blo}ck512Sectors per Track40The physical parameters of the drive are 1045 cylinders, 2 heads, and 40 sectors. At pow}er-up, the drive will default to the native mode for this drive, which is 522 cylinders, 4 heads, and 40 sectors. This }drive supports a translate mode of 980 cylinders, 5 heads, and 17 sectors. Drives with microcode level 2.32 and above wil}l also support a translation emulating the CP344 native parameters of 805 cylinders, 4 heads, and 26 sectors. (refer to I}nitialize Drive Parameters command).3.3 PerformanceSeek TimesTrk. to Trk.8.0msAverage25.0msMaximum50.}0msRotational Speed3557 RPMData Trans. Rate1.5 Mbytes/secStart TimeTypical5 secMax.10 secStop Ti}meTypical 5 secMax10 secInterleave1:1Buffer Size8KThe timing is measured through the interface wit}h the drive operating at nominal DC input voltages. The timing also makes the following assumptions:o BIOS overhead }and PC system hardware dependency have  been subtracted from timing measurements.o The drive is operated using its nati}ve drive parameters. The average seek time is determined by averaging the seek time for a minimum of 1000 seeks }of random length over the  surface of the disk. These numbers assume spin recovery is not invoked. If  spin recovery} is invoked, the maximum could be 40 seconds.  Briefly removing power can lead to spin recovery being invoked.3.4 Read/}WriteInterfaceTask FileRecording Method2 of 7 RLL codeRecording Density30,871 bpiFlux Density20,581 rpi3.5 }Power Requirements (Typical)+12VDC+5VDCPowerR/W Mode230ma275ma4.2 WSeek Mode140ma180ma2.8 WIdle Mode100ma}160ma2.0 WStandby Mode1ma90ma0.5 WSpin-up Mode700ma180maN/ARead/Write Mode: Occurs when data is being read f}rom or written to the disk.Seek Mode: Occurs while the actuator is in motion.Idle Mode: Occurs when the drive is no}t reading, writing or seeking. The motor is up to speed and DRIVE READY condition exists. Actuator is residing on last ac}cessed track. Standby Mode: Occurs when the motor is stopped, actuator parked and all electronics except interface cont}rol is in sleep state. STANDBY MODE will occur after a programmable time-out since last Host access occurs. Drive ready} and seek complete status exist. The drive will leave STANDBY MODE upon receipt of a command which requires disk access }or upon receipt of a spin up command.Spin-up Mode: Occurs while the spindle motor is accelerating from its state to it}s operational speed. During the typical spin-up cycle, current on the 12 volt line may reach up to 900 mA for up to 500 m}icroseconds. The specified current is the averaged value over the spin-up cycle. Maximum noise allowed (DC to 1 MHZ, wit}h equivalent resistive load)3.6 Physical CharacteristicsDimensions1.00" x 4.00" x 5.75" Weight1.1 Pound4.0Env}ironmental Characteristics4.1 TemperatureOperating5 deg. C to 55 deg. CNon-operating-40 deg. C to 60 deg. CTher}mal Gradient20 deg. C per hr. (Max)4.2 HumidityOperating8% to 80% NoncondensingNon-operating8% to 80 Noncondensi}ngMax. Wet Bulb26 deg. C4.3 Altitude (relative to sea level)Operating-200 to 10,000 feetNon-operating (max)40,}000 feet4.4 Reliability and MaintenanceMTBF50,000 hrs. (POH)MTTR10 Min. typicalMaint.None4.5 Shock }Non-operating50 GsOperating5 Gs**Without nonrecoverable errors4.6 Magnetic FieldThe externally induced magnet}ic flux density may notexceed six gauss as measured at the disk.4.7 Acoustic Noise40 dBA at a distance of 1 meter fro}m the drive.4.8Safety StandardsThe drive is designed to comply with relevant product safety standards such as:o U}L 478, 5th edition, Standard for Safety of Information Processing and Business Equipment, and UL 1950, Standard for Safet}y of Information Technology Equipment oCSA 22.2 #154, Data Processing Equipment andCSA 22.2 #220, Information Processing} and Business Equipment.oIEC 435 Safety Requirements for Data Processing Equipment,IEC 380, Safety of Electrically Energ}ized Office Machines, andIEC 950, Safety of Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment.o}VDE 0805 Equivalent to IEC 435,VDE 0805 TIEL 100, Equivalent to IEC 950, and VDE 0806, Equivalent to IEC 380.5.0Functi}onal DescriptionThe CP3044 contains all mechanical and electronic parts necessary to interpret control signals, position} the recording heads over the desired track, read and write data, and provide a contaminant free environment for the head}s and disks.5.1 Read/Write and Control ElectronicsOne integrated circuit is mounted within the sealed enclosure in cl}ose proximity to the read/write heads. Its function is to provide one of two head selections, read pre-amplification, an}d write data circuitry.The single microprocessor controlled circuit card provides the remaining electronic functions whi}ch include:oRead/Write CircuitryoRotary Actuator ControloInterface ControloSpin Speed ControloDynamic Braking}oPower ManagementAt power down or the start of STANDBY MODE, the heads are automatically retracted to the inner diame}ter of the disk. There they are latched and parked on a landing zone that is inside the data tracks.5.2 Drive Mechani}smA brushless DC direct drive motor rotates the spindle at 3557 rpm. The motor/spindle assembly is balanced to provide }minimal mechanical runout to the disks and to reduce vibration of the HDA. A dynamic brake is used to provide a fast sto}p to the spindle motor when power is removed, or upon initiation of STANDBY MODE.5.3 Air Filtration SystemThe head-}disk assembly is a sealed enclosure with an integral 0.3 micron filter which maintains a clean environment for the heads }and disks.5.4 Head Positioning MechanismThe two read/write heads are supported by a mechanism coupled to the voice co}il actuator.5.5 Read/Write Heads and DisksData is recorded on one 95 mm diameter disk through two 3370 type composite} ferrite heads.5.6 Error CorrectionThe CP3044 performs internal error correction. The error correction polynomial is} capable of correcting one error burst with a maximum of 8 bits per 512 byte block. The following polynomial is used:}Forward: P(X) = (X32+X28+X26+X19+X17+X10+X6+X2+1)5.7 Customer OptionsThere are four jumper options available for confi}guration: HSP, C/D, DSP, and ACT. HSP, when jumpered, connects the -HOST SLV/ACT signal on the interface to ground f}or systems that require the slave drive to provide -SLAVE PRESENT signal in a two-drive system. C/D is the address jump}er. When jumpered, the master (or C drive), is selected. When open, the slave (or D drive), is selected. DSP, when j}umpered, indicates to the master drive that a slave is present. In a two-drive system, this jumper option must be instal}led in the master, or C drive. The last jumper, ACT, connects the -ACTIVE signal to the -HOST SLV/ACT signal on the int}erface. This signal provides the capability to drive an external LED. An external current limiting resistor is required}. As an alternative, an LED may be connected between J4, pins 1 and 2. This would provide both an open collector drive }signal and a current limiting resistor connected to +5V respectively.Note 1: In a two drive system, it is possible to} drive one LED with both drives. An external current limiting resistor is required. Note 2: If the drive is connected} to a Host that requires that the signal -DRIVE SLAVE PRESENT be supplied from the slave drive, via the interface signal} -HOST SLV/ACT, then this jumper must be installed. If this jumper is installed, the ACT jumper must not be installed be}cause the two jumpers are mutually exclusive.6.0Electrical Interface6.1 Power ConnectorsThe CP3044 has a 4-pin DC} power connector (J3) mounted on the PCB. The recommended mating connector is AMP part number 1-480424-0 utilizing AMP pi}ns (part number 350078-4 or equivalent). DC power may also be supplied to the drive through a 3 pin connector (J5). The }recommended mating connector is Molex part number 39-01-0033 utilizing Molex pins (part number 39-00-0031 or equivalent).} Power is to be supplied at either J3 or J5, but not both.6.3 Task File Interface ConnectorThe CP3044 has a 40-pin }Task File Interface connector (J2) mounted on the printed circuit board. The recommended mating connector is Molex part }number 10-91-2401 or equivalent. Two drives may be daisy chained together at this connector. Maximum cable length is }two feet. 6.4 Diagnostic RoutinesThe microprocessor performs diagnostics upon application of power. If an error is }detected, the CP3044 will not come ready.7.0 Recommended Mounting ConfigurationThe CP3044 drive is designed to be used i}n applications where the unit may experience shock and vibrations at greater levels than larger and heavier disk drives.}7.1 Shock Tolerance FeaturesThe design features which allow greater shock tolerance are the use of rugged heads and me}dia, a dedicated landing zone, closed loop servo positioning, and specially designed motor and actuator assemblies. }7.2 Mechanically Isolated Mounting PointsTen base mounting points are provided to the customer. The drive is mounted u}sing 6-32 screws; 1/8" maximum insertion for the sides, and 1/4" maximum insertion for the bottom. The system integrator} should allow ventilation to the drive to ensure reliable drive operation over the operating temperature range. The driv}e may be mounted in any attitude.For additional vibration isolation, an external suspension system may be used. 8.0E}lectrical Description8.1 Signal LevelsAll signal levels are TTL compatible. A logic "1" is greater than 2.0 volts. }A logic "0" is from 0.00 volts to .70 volts. 8.2 Signal ConventionsThe interface between the drive adapter and the dri}ve is called the Host Interface. The set of registers in the I/O space of the Host is known as the Task File.All signa}ls on the Host Interface shall have the prefix HOST. All negatively active signals shall be further prefixed with a "-" }designation. All positive active signals shall be prefixed with a "+" designation. Signals whose source are the Host, ar}e said to be "outbound" and those whose source is the drive, are said to be "inbound".8.3 Pin DescriptionsThe follo}wing table describes all of the pins on the Task File Interface:Signal NameDirPinDescription- HOST RESETO01Rese}t signal from the Host system which is active low during power up and inactive thereafter.GNDO02Ground b}etween drive and Host.+HOST DATA I/O03-1816-bit bi-directional data bus 0-16 between the Host and the drive. }The lower 8 bits, HD0 - HD7, are used for register and ECC access. All 16 bits are used for data transfe}rs. These are tri-state lines with 24 mA drive capability.GNDO19Ground between drive and Host.KEYN/C20An} unused pin clipped on the drive and plugged on the cable. Used to guarantee correct orientation of the cab}le.RESERVEDO21GNDO22Ground between drive and Host.- HOST IOWO23Write strobe, the rising edge of which} clocks data from the Host data bus, HD0 through HD15, into a register or the data register of the drive.}GNDO24Ground between drive and Host.- HOST IORO25Read strobe which, when low, enables data from a register o }r the data register of the drive onto the Host data bus HD0 through HD15. The rising edge of - HOST IOR la }tches data from the drive at the Host.GNDO26Ground between drive and Host.RESERVEDO27,29+HOST ALEO28H }ost Address Latch Enable. A signal used to qualify the address lines. This signal is presently not used by  }the drive.GNDO30Ground between drive and Host.+HOST IRQ14I31Interrupt to the Host system, enabled only wh }en the drive is selected, and the Host activates the - IEN bit in the Digital Output register. When the -IE}N bit is inactive, or the drive is not selected, this output is in a high impedance state, regardless of the stat}e of the IRQ bit. The interrupt is set when the IRQ bit is set by the drive CPU. IRQ is reset to zero by a} Host read of the Status register or a write to the command register. This signal is a tri-state line with} 8 mA drive capacity.- HOST IO16I32Indication to the Host system that the 16 bit data register has been }addressed and that the drive is prepared to send or receive a 16 bit data word. This line is a tri-state} line with 24 mA drive capacity.- HOST PDIAGI34Passed diagnostic. Output by the drive if it is strapped in }the slave mode (C/D not jumpered). Input to the drive if it is strapped in the master mode (C/D jumpered). } This low true signal indicates to a master that the slave has passed its internal diagnostic command. This} line is a tri-state line with 24 mA drive capability.+HOST A0,O35,Bit binary coded address used to select A}1, A233,36 the individual registers in the task file.- HOST CS0O37Chip select decoded from the Host addre}ss bus. Used to select some of the Host accessible registers.- HOST CS1O38Chip select decoded from the Host} address bus. Used to select three of the registers in the Task File.- HOST SLV/ACTI39Signal from the drive }used either to drive an active LED whenever the disk is being accessed or as an indication of a second driv}e present. (See the Customer Options section for further information.) When jumpered as -ACTIVE, this sig}nal is active low when the drive is busy and has a drive capability of 20 mA. When jumpered as -SLAVE PRESEN}T signal, it is an indication of the presence of a second drive when low. In this state, it has a drive ca}pability of 10 mA open drain.GNDO40Ground between drive and Host.IPath: mailgate.eur.nl!eur.nl!sun4nl!mcsun!uunet!meaddata!dgdhome!ddavisFrom: dgdhome!ddavis@meaddata.com (Don Davis)Newsgro }ups: comp.dcom.faxSubject: SendFAX Command SetMessage-ID: Date: Sun, 14 Jun 92 20:53:57 EDTDis!}tribution: worldOrganization: The Dayton Home for the Chronically StrangeLines: 495Several people have asked about the FA"}X modem command set.Perhaps they and others will find the following file useful.This file was obtained third or fourth han#}d, but apparently originatedwith Nick Pemberton, who gave his address as:uucp: !lsuc, uunet!mnetor!aimed!nick============$}============================================================= SendFax Application Software Interface Specification Re%}v 2Contents1.0 Introduction2.0 Physical interface3.0 Command set4.0 Data format5.0 Example sessi&}ons SendFax Application Software Interface Specification1.0 IntroductionThis document defines the speci'}fications for the applicationsoftware interface to a PC Fax/Modem board incorporating Sierra'sSC11046, 2400 bps modem wi(}th Send only Fax at 4800 bps (SendFax)chip.The device is intended to be used in internal cards for the IBMPC or comp)}atible computers or for use in standalone modemsinterfacing to any computer using a standard RS232 port.Functions *} and commands are defined to allow an extension to Faxreceive mode in the future.The Fax/Modem board is designed such tha+}t it appears to the PC asa serial port. The address of the board is user selectable to beone of four ports, COM1, COM2, C,}OM3 or COM4. The DCE hardwaremakes and terminates calls, manages the communications sessionand transmits image dat-}a in accordance with the proceduresdefined in the CCITT recommendation T.30. The image data is inmodified Huffman .}compressed format as described in the CCITTrecommendation T.4.The application software running in the DTE will prov/}ide thefunctions of user interface, conversion of user data files invarious formats to fax format per CCITT T.4 spe0}cification andtransfer of data to the DCE for modulation according to theprotocol defined in this document.2.01} Physical Interface2.1 Internal PC versionThe hardware appears to the PC as a serial port at an addressthat is u2}ser selectable to be one of four ports. Table 1 liststhe addresses and interrupt levels for various port selections.To 3} the application software, the hardware appears as an8250/16450 type UART. The application software writes or rea4}dsdata to and from registers in the UART. Table 2 shows thevarious registers and their addresses. DTR and OUT2 bit5}s in MCRmust be set before communicating with the hardware. The softwaresends commands and data to the hardware by 6}writing to thetransmitter holding register (THR) in the UART. Data can bewritten to THR when THRE and/or TSRE bits7} in LSR are set. Itreceives responses or data from the hardware by reading thereceive buffer register (RBR). So8}ftware should first check theLSR to see if DR bit is set indicating data is available in RBR.Interrupts can also be u9}sed to inform the software thattransmitter is empty or data is available in the receiver. Referto the 8250/16450 :}data sheet or the IBM technical referencemanual for more information on programming, reading and writingto the UART.;}2.2 RS232 Standalone versionThe UART in the SC11011 controller can be configured by changingone bit (Bit3) in the code <}to present its serial port to theoutside world. To enable the DTR control function, the AT&D2command must be issued=} befoer entering the fax mode.The standard 2400 bps modem command set is extended for the Faxapplication using a format >}of AT#F... These commands were developedin accordance with the original set proposed in the TIA T30 committeein spring of ?}1989. Sierra is continuing to work with the T29.2 committeeto define teh ultimate standard command set for fax and data mode@}ms.In the idle state the hardware is in the normal 2400 bps modemmode. The UART is programmed at speeds from 300 to A}2400 bps tocommunicate with the hardware. In the fax mode, the DTE is set to 19.2Kbps.Four states are defined to allow a B}clear understanding of thehardware control process: 1. Modem command mode: AT commands accepted C} 2400 bps max modem data mode entered online 2. Modem data mode: +++ escaD}pes to modem command mode 2400 bps max 3. Fax command mode: entered from modem commanE}d mode with #F1 19.2 kbps only 4. Fax data mode: comF}mands and data at 19.2kbps only return to fax command by: seG}nding command #F end of call/ call disconnect dropping H}DTRAfter power-up the hardware is in the normal 2400 bps modemcommand mode.A special command puts the hardware inI} the Fax mode. Once inthe Fax mode, the UART must be programmed for 19,200 bps datarate, 8 bits and no parity. ThiJ}s is because the image data mustbe sent to the hardware at a rate that is faster than linetransmission rate. ForK} 4800 bps synchronous transmission linerate, the UART rate must be at least 9600 bps. To allow for thefuture accomodatioL}n of 9600 bps line transmission rate, the UARTspeed in Fax mode is fixed at 19,200 bps. The UART speed isprogrammed M}by setting the DLAB bit in the modem control register(MCR) and by writing appropriate values to the divisor latchesDLL N} and DLM. Table 3 provides the DLL, DLM speed selectionvalues. Flow control (XON/XOFF or RTS/CTS) is required O}tosynchronize the flow of information between the DTE and the DCEduring image data transmission and HDLC frame reception.P} In thedata transmission mode, software must not send data when CTS bitis off or when is received. Data can Q} be sent afterreceiving or when CTS bit is set.Table 1. COM port addressesCOM1 3F8 - 3FF IRQ4COM2R} 2F8 - 2FF IRQ3COM3 3E8 - 3EF IRQ4COM4 2E8 - 2EF IRQ3Table 2.1 UART registersI/O decode (Hex)COM1S} COM2 COM3 COM4 R/W DLAB Register----------------------------------------------------------------3F8 2T}F8 3E8 2E8 W 0 THR3F8 2F8 3E8 2E8 R 0 RBR3F8 2F8 3E8 2E8 U} R/W 1 DLL3F9 2F9 3E9 2E9 R/W 1 DLM3F9 2F9 3E9 2E9 R/W 0 V} IER3FA 2FA 3EA 2EA R 0 IIR3FB 2FB 3EB 2EB R/W 0 LCR3FC 2FC W} 3EC 2EC R/W 0 MCR3FD 2FD 3ED 2ED R/W 0 LSR3FE 2FE 3EE 2EE X}R/W 0 MSRTable 2.2 Register bit defintionsRegister 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0---Y}------------------------------------------------------------THR -------- TRANSMIT DATA (DLAB = 0) ---------RBR Z} -------- RECEIVE DATA (DLAB = 0) ---------DLL ---- DIVISOR LATCH LS BYTE (DLAB = 1) -----DLM [} ---- DIVISOR LATCH MS BYTE (DLAB = 1) -----IER 0 0 0 0 MSI LSI THRE DAIIR 0 \} 0 0 0 0 ID1 ID0 IP/LCR DLAB SB SP EPS PEN STB WLS1 WLS0MCR 0 0 ]} 0 LOOP OUT2 OUT1 RTS DTRLSR 0 TSRE THRE BI FE PE OR DRMSR RLSD RI DSR ^} CTS DRLS TERI DDSR DCTS---------------------------------------------------------------Table 3. Speed selection_} tableSPEED (BPS) DLM (HEX) DLL (HEX)----------------------------------------300 01 801200 `} 00 602400 00 304800 00 189600 00 0Ca}19200 00 06----------------------------------------3.0 Command SetExtensions to the Hayes AT b}command set for Fax mode operation aredefined in this section.General1) All extended commands start with the # prefix. Tc}his representsa major change from previous versions which utilized the +prefix. The change was made to provide upward}d compatibility withfuture TIA command sets which are expected to use the + symbol.For the immediate future, the firmware}e will accept either prefix.2) All extended commands have only one alpha character followedby a numeric value in the ranf}ge of decimal 0 to 255. Value 0 maybe omitted.3) Fax mode assumes XON/XOFF or CTS flow control in data mode.&D2 commag}nd must be issued for DTR controlled abort.4) Once the hardware enters the Fax mode, it will remain in Faxmode ( and acch}ept commands at 19.2 kbps ) until one of followingoccurs : a) software issues a #F request to return to command modi}e b) a call disconnect frame is received c) application software issues an abort by dropping DTRCOMMANDS#Bj}n Speed control#B/B0 Reserved#B1 Reserved#B2 Reserved for V.23#B3 Reserved for V.23#B4 Fax transmik}ssion speed of 2400 bps#B5 Fax transmission speed of 4800 bps#B6 Fax transmission speed of 7200 bps#B7 Fax tral}nsmission speed of 9600 bpsThis command is used to specify the initial speed at which thehardware will attempt to connem}ct to the remote Fax machine. Forthe SC11046 based hardware this will normally be 4800 bps, so B5command will be usedn}. However, the user at his option canspecify a lower initial speed of 2400 bps by issuing B4. If thehigher initial o}speed is specified, the hardware will attempt toestablish connection at the higher speed and will fallback to thelower spep}ed if unsuccessful.En Received frame display format selectionE/E0 Disable display of received HDLC framesE1 q} Display frame in binary formatE2 Display frame in 2 digit ASCII Hex formatFn Mode controlF/F0 Return to nr}ormal modem mode (300 to 2400 bps data rate)F1 Enter Fax mode (19,200 bps data rate)Kn DTE flow controlK/K0 Ds}isable flow controlK3 Enable CTS flow controlK4 Enable XON/XOFF flow controlMn Speaker ControlM0 Speakert} Always OffM1 Speaker Off after Connect MessageM2 Speaker Always OnM3 Speaker Off during DialPn Number ou}f pages to be transmitted (n = 1 to 255)Rn Resolution controlR/R0 Send document with normal resolutionR1 Sendv} document with fine resolutionTn Test modesT/T0 End test modeT1 Enter test mode 1. This mode is used to diaw}l a remote Fax machine and automatically send a message stored in EPROM.FAX result codesDuring x}the Fax session the hardware will report the status of thecall with result codes. An action by the software may or may noty}be necessary depending on the response.All the normal Hayes result codes will also be reported.Verbose Digz}it UsageCED a Ansertone detectedCFR g Remote machine confirmation to{} receiveCONNECT 2400/FAX w Connection speed 2400 bpsCONNECT 4800/FAX x Connection speed 4800 bps|}CONNECT 7200/FAX y Connection speed 7200 bpsCONNECT 9600/FAX z Connection speed 9600 bpsCRC ERRO}}R e Error in received frameCRP c Repeat requestCSI - ~} Remote machine IdentificationDCN d DisconnectDIS b Remote machine capa}bilities frameFTT f Failure to trainINVALID FRAME i Received frame is invalid M}CF m Message received OKRTN h Message not received OKRTP } j Retrain positive4.0 Data formatThe Transmit Subscriber Identification data encoded in the T.30negotia}tion will be taken from the nvram location Z3.Image data will be in compressed format with one dimensionalcoding }rules in accordance with the CCITT specification T.4.Data will be coded assuming the receiving Fax machine is capableo}f a scan time of 0 milliseconds per line. Each line of datamust terminate with a minimum of 3 bytes of zeroes before} theEOL sequence. The zeroes must be byte aligned. The softwarewill detect the zero bytes at the end of each l}ine and fillin the required number of zeroes based on the speed ofconnection and the minimum scan time per l}ine specified by thereceiving Fax machine. Data must be coded with MSB the firstbit to be transmitted from DTE to} modem.The modem sends thedata LSB first to the phone line.. Transmission of datawill be synchronized using flow con}trol (XON/XOFF or CTS). Aftersending the last byte of page data, software will wait for aresponse from the hardware b}efore issuing a command or sendingdata for the next page.5.0 Example sessionsIn the following example sessions,} the response is enclosedwithin <> brackets. The defaults are B3 (4800 bps), P1 (singlepage), R0 (normal resolution) }and T0 (no test mode).Each command line terminates with a CRLF, a response begins andterminates with a CRLF.i) Send 1 }page of document with normal resolutionCommand ResponseATX4&D2#B3#P1#R0#T0#F1 ; En}ter Fax mode CTS -> 0ATDT4082639337 ; Dial a Fax machine } ; any AT response valid } ; Answertone detected } ; Called machine ; identification } ; Capabilities ; frame received } ; OK to send page data } ; Connection speed CTS -> 1 } ; Page 1 data is sent ; using flow control---DATA--SENT--- } CTS -> 0---DATA STOPPED--- CTS -> 1---DATA--SENT--- } ; No more data for page 1 ; tx underflow } CTS -> 0 ; Page 1 }transmission OK ; Call terminated, return} to ; command modeno new commandsuntil hereii) Send 2 pages of document with norm}al resolutionCommand ResponseATX4&D2#B3#P2#R0#T0#F1 ; Enter Fax mode } CTS -> 0 ATDT4082639337 ; Dial a Fax mac}hine ; any AT response valid } ; Answertone detected } ; Received frame invalid ; Ca}lled machine ; identification } ; Capabilities ; frame received } ; OK to send page data } ; Connection speed CTS -> 1 } ; Page 1 data is sent ; using flow control---DATA--SENT--- } CTS -> 0---DATA STOPPED--- CTS -> 1---DATA--SENT--- } ; No more data for page 1 ; tx underrun } CTS -> 0 ; Page 1 trans}mission OK CTS -> 1 ; Page 2 Data is sent } ; using flow control---DATA--SENT--- CTS -> 0---DAT}A STOPPED--- CTS -> 1---DATA--SENT--- ; No more} data for page 2 ; tx underrun CTS -> 0 } ; Page 2 transmission OK <}NO CARRIER> ; Call terminated, return to ; co}mmand modeno new commandsuntil here------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Don D}avis | Internet: dgdhome!ddavis@meaddata.com | Tel: 513-235-0096 5444 Mangold Dr. | Top o' the mornin' to ya! } | My opinions, Dayton, OH 45424 | (and the rest of the day to meself!) | no one else's!eThe Atari 8-bit Hardware Upgrade, Modification and Add-On FAQ================================= | | | | | |/ | \ }Version 0.1 Dated February 18, 1995 Maintained by: David A. Paterson Mailto:d.paterson2@genie.geis.com} INTRODUCTION This is a very basic version. I intend to add as people give feedback to what they want to see, and} how they want to see it. Any info you have is more than welcome! PURPOSE This FAQ exists to describe the various }hardware modifications available to the Atari 8-bit user. It does not teach you how to do them. It definitely doesn't tak}e any responsibility for the results if you do try them. But it will try to give you some information about where to find }more information, which upgrades (or "hacks") are best, and who to consult if things go wrong. For addresses and phone num}bers of any of the companies listed, consult the Vendors and Developers List, posted at or about the 15th of each month. } It also exists to describe the many wild and wonderful products that have been produced for the Atari 8-bit. Many are} unique, some may be apocryphal. Mainstream items like printers, modems, disk drives and cassette decks are all excluded.} Temperature gauges, combination printer buffer/ramdisks that run through the joystick port, and other such are fair game. }POSTING FREQUENCY This FAQ is posted whenever I remember to post it. It is posted to comp.sys.atari.8bit. INDEX} Part I RAM Upgrades listed by computer Part 2 Video Upgrades} 80 Column devices Genlocks Part 3 Operating Systems Part 4 Ot}her Neat Stuff stereo sound, add-ons Key to abbreviations ANL - Analog Magazine AC - Atari Classics} Magazine ANT - Antic Magazine AIM - Atari Interface Magazine PART I - RAM Upgrades General The 6502 microproce}ssor at the heart of every Atari 8-bit has a sixteen bit wide address bus. What this means is that it can access up to 2^1}6 memory locations. That's 65536 bytes. Some people, wanting more memory, came up with a variety of techniques to use mor}e memory. Most were built around the idea of bank switching. Bank switching means that you swap chunks of memory around s}o that the CPU can see them when necessary. Most schemes use 16k banks, though 4k and 32k have also been tried. Atari 400} The original Atari 400 had either 8k or 16k. Atari produced a board with 48k. Mosaic produced a 32k board, as wel}l as a 64k board with 48k RAM plus 4 4k RAM banks. (ANL 13, IFC) Atari 800 The Atari 800 came with three memory sl}ots. Each slot could contain Atari 8k or 16k RAM boards. Mosaic produced 32k and 64k boards. Three 64k boards could be c}ombined for 192k. Axlon produced the 128k RAMdisk board. It banks 16k, using $CFFF as a control register. Banked m}emory appears from $4000 to $7FFF. David Byrd created the "800 PLUS 288K UPGRADE" which rewired existing 16k RAM bo}ards, but required additional work to become fully Axlon compatible. A nasty sort of flame war erupted between David Byrd }and Jay Torres of the Windhover Project over who invented the upgrade. Magna systems produced 256k, 512k and 1M boar}ds which followed the Axlon standard. (ANL 65, 68) Atari 1200xl See 800xl. Atari 600xl As shipped, the A}tari 600xl came with 16k RAM. Atari released the 1064 memory module which expanded the 600xl to 64k. MPP, now Supra, produ}ced the Microram 64k Memory Board (ANL 19, 28) RC Systems produced three expansion modules for the 600xl, raising m}emory to 32k, 48k or 64k (ANL 26, 12) Richard Gore produced the Yorky, a 256k board which plugs in to the PBI. It p}rovides full compatibility with 130xe type banking. It is for use on 600xls upgraded internally to 64k, or on 800xls. (AC} 3/2, 10) Atari 800xl The Atari 800xl came with 64k RAM internal. To access RAM hidden under the OS ROMs, the PIA} chip was used (PORTB, used for STICK(2) and (3) on the original 800). Claus Bucholtz published plans for a 256k upgrade w}hich banked 32k at a time using PORTB for control in Byte magazine. (Byte Sept 85) ICD released the RAMBO upgrade, p}roviding 256k in 16k banks, using PORTB. Newell came out with the 256k XL, which would work on a 1200xl or 800xl, providin}g 256k total memory, . The two upgrades used different sequences to access their banks. (ANL 44, 115) Charles Buch}oltz updated his upgrade to use 16k banks after the release of the 130xe. Most of the 800xl upgrades can be made compatibl}e with Antic banking. The only possible problem would be when Antic and the CPU are supposed to be using different memory }banks. The Yorky will also provide 256 on an 800xl (see the entry under 600xl). Newell released 1Meg and 4Me}g upgrades for the 800xl. These banked 16k as well, and required disabling internal BASIC to properly access the memory. } Fine Tooned Engineering, having bought the rights to ICD and Newell's products, is bringing out a third method in the} Mars 8. Though not yet released, it will use SIMMs for 256k, 1Meg or 4Meg RAM. Atari 130xe The 130xe was the fir}st "official" method of banking memory. It too used PORTB, but with an added twist: ANTIC and the CPU could access differen}t banks. This provided headaches for some owners of "older" upgrades, but few programs took advantage of this feature (Spa}rtaDos Wedge and VideoBlitz demo only). Upgrades for the 130xe include replacing one set of 64k chips with 256k chips, rai}sing the RAM to 320k. Adding another 256k for 576k total has also been done. These were designed by Scott Peterson, as wa}s a 1088k upgrade. PART II - Video Upgrades The most common video upgrades are the SuperVideo series, described }in AC 2/6. Plans were provided for the 600xl, 800xl, 1200xl and 130xe. The SuperVideo upgrade provides the forgotten chro}ma signal on the monitor port. It corrects a number of errors in the parts in the Atari video circuit, resulting in a clear}er image, particularly on monitors. Providing TTL output was also covered in AC 2/6. Bob Woolley provided plans fo}r the circuit, as well as instructions for getting TTL output from an XEP80. Be warned that the output is not in the stand}ard Atari colours; on a CGA type screen, the sixteen possible shades are translated into eight colours. 80 column devices} Since the 400/800 were released in 1979, people have been clamouring for better text displays than the default 40x24}. Two products were released for the 800: The Austin-Franklin 80 column board and the Bit 3 80 column board were both for }use in the Atari 800. They replaced the third memory module. The Austin-Franklin board came with a "Right Cartridge" whic}h provided the drivers. Removing the cartridge disabled the board. Some software would not run with an 80-column board ins}talled. Ace 80/80xl was a cartridge released which provided 80 columns by using bitmapped graphics on an 80 column }screen. A similar technique was used in the Newell Omniview, an add-on for their Omnimon. Atari's entry into the 8}0 column field was the much maligned XEP80. For maximum compatibility, the XEP80 attaches to the computer via a joystick p}ort. It includes three character sets, 8k internally, and a parallel printer port. The software provided by Atari support}s a 320x200 graphics mode. This mode only supports direct bit images. Hacks have been released which hook the XEP80 on vi}a the parallel bus. Genlock In October and November of 1991, Michael St Pierre published articles in the SLCC Jour}nal describing plans for a monochrome Genlock. A genlock is a system to synchronize live video with a computer image. Gra}phics can be overlaid, faded in or out, or used for titling. In 1994, Michael announced Prism Studio, a full colour} genlock. It is sold by Mytek. PART III - Operating Systems Computer OS -------- -- 4}00/800 Rev A. No self test; Memo Pad mode. Rev B. Fixes several bugs in Rev A. 12}00xl XL OS. Some incompatibilities with 400/800 OS 600xl/800xl Revised XL OS. Includes paral}lel bus handlers. Internal BASIC. 65xe/130xe Revised XL OS. (as above) xegs } Modified XL OS. Self-test mode changed. Internal Missile Command and BASIC. Operating S}ystem upgrades UltraSpeed + OS : from CSS. Supports high speed disk communication. Drives 1 through 9. Any RAM upgrade.} Includes three modes: standard xl/xe OS; 400/800 OS; UltraSpeed+ OS. For XL/XE systems. Omnimon: from Newell. M/l mon}itor for 400/800. Installs into $C000 page of memory, otherwise unused. RAMROD OS: from Newell. Replacement for 400/800.} Includes accelerated floating point math package. RAMROD XL: from Newell. OS speed-up routines, fast math, and Omnimon}. Includes option for second OS. XL Boss: from Allen Macroware. OS replacement for XL model computers. Includes m/l mon}itor. 400/800 OS compatible. TurBoss: available from KP and Best. Fast math and fast screen routines. For XL/XE compute}rs. PART IV - Other Neat Stuff Zucchini In ANL 59,60 and 62, Dr. Lee S. Brilliant provided plans and software to} turn a surplus Atari into a printer buffer for another Atari. He called it "The Atari Zucchini". The Printer Buffe}r Routine (PBR) and Disk Emulator Routine (DER) came from B.L. Enterprises. They were cartridges and cables which worked i}n a similar fashion to the Zucchini. The PBR provided a buffer, while the DER emulated a disk drive on the remote computer}. Stock XLs gave 403 free sectors; a 130xe would give 914. (ANL 65, 67) Voice Master Covox sold the Voice Maste}r and Voice Master junior. These would capture and record speech. Bundled software attempted recognition of commands, wit}h limited success. (ANL 47, 44) Parrot The Parrot was a sound digitizer sold by Alpha Systems. Resembling a paddle}, the device had phono jack for input. Antic provided plans for a similar project, called the Antic Sampling Processor. (}ANT 8/8, 11) SoundMouse Among the more esoteric products ever released was the SoundMouse, which interpreted sound} to provide a reading on a paddle register. It did not act as a digitizer, like the Voice Master and Parrot did.Bundled so}ftware made the lava lamp look mainstream in its appeal. No commercial applications taking advantage of this unique device } were released. Gumby Chuck Steinman of DataQue created this set of plans for building stereo sound by installing  }a second Pokey chip (Pokey and Gumby, get it?). Once installed, the second channel has all its addresses 16 bytes higher i }n memory ($D210 - $D21F). A small number of demos have been released in stereo. ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Atari/8bit/S }ound/gumby.arc PIA2 With the use of PORTB for RAM banking, hackers were looking for more parallel outputs. This p }lan, for adding one more PIA chip, includes notes for adding two more. It was intended as a means to control large RAM upg}rades. (AIM 3/2, 16) Critical Connection A long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away, was a mystic operating syste}m known as CPM. A company named USS Enterprises produced the Critical Connection, a device to permit a CPM computer to emu}late disk drives for the Atari. It was a cable, plus software for the CPM end of the system. The CPM system could also ac}t as a printer buffer, and the CPM keyboard could be used in the place of the Atari keyboard. (ANL 39,103) SIO2PC } With the demise of CPM and the rise of the IMI cartel (IBM-Microsoft-Intel) a new system similar to the Critical Connectio}n arose. Nick Kennedy developed the SIO2PC hardware and software, which permits any PC with a serial port to act as up to }four disk drives for an Atari. It can also act as a printer buffer. Computer Eyes Computer Eyes was a video captu}re system which plugged into two joystick ports. It could render images in a variety of modes. It required a composite vid}eo source. (ANL 35, 53) Easy Scan Take a cartridge, add a fibre-optic cable, and hook it onto a printer, and you'}ve got Easy-Scan, an image scanner for the Atari 8-bit. Innovative Concepts produced this item. (ANT 7/6, 43) WIMA Radio}, Lima, Ohio This radio station, when automating 6 broadcast hours daily, created a hardware and software package bu}ilt around a 130xe for control. Control was via joystick ports and tone decoders. (ANT 8/7, 30) Comp-U-Temp This} provided 8 or 16 channels and 2 or 4 sensors. It would monitor the temperature, with options to log results to disk or pr}inter, or to sound an alarm if the temperature strayed out of set boundaries. The software was described as "cumbersome". (}ANL 48, 35) Turbo 816 Released by DataQue, this provided a replacement OS as well as a replacement for the 6502 C}PU. A 65816 was substituted, providing new opcodes and a 24 bit address space (16Megs vs 64k with the 6502). Sweet 16 } Released by Fine Tooned Engineering, this provides a 65816 CPU to replace the 6502. MIDIMATE MIDI stands for} Musical Instrument Digital Interface. It is a system for computers to record, replay and control musical instruments. MI }DIMATE, when combined with MidiTrack software, permits an Atari 8-bit to take control. (ANL 33, 26) MicroNet Supra!} provided the Atari community with its first networking product. MicroNet provides nine SIO connectors. Eight are for com"}puters. The ninth goes to whatever peripherals are to be connected. The system served to isolate the computers electrical#}ly. It did no software checking, meaning that two or more users attempting to print or save at the same time could trash e$}ach others output. (ANL 51, 76) MultiPlexer CSS provided a better way to network. The Multiplexer system require%}s one host system which has all the disk drives and printers for the network. The slaves are connected via the cartridge p&}ort to the host, and all their disk and printer i/o is rerouted to the host. All the systems involved require their OS rep'}laced with a special multiplexer OS. MIO ICD manufactured this wonderboard in 1987. Connected to the PBI or ECI, (}it provided either 256k or 1Meg of RAM, two RS232 ports, a parallel printer port and a SCSI hard drive port. MIO II )} Currently under development by Fine Tooned Engineering, this PBI/ECI board will provide an interface and power supply for *}an IDE hard disk. It may also include extended memory support for CPU upgraded computers, as well as a parallel port. Bl+}ack Box CSS manufactures the Black Box, a PBI/ECI device that offers an optional 64k printer buffer. Its main attra,}ctions are its m/l monitor, 19200 baud RS232 port, parallel port, and hard disk interface. The parallel and serial ports d-}o not use standard DB9 or DB25 connectors; custom cables are required. Floppy Board This is an add-on to the Black.} Box, also from CSS. It permits standard floppy drives, 360k, 720k, 1.2M and 1.44M, to be attached to the Black Box. Sinc/}e they are connected to the PBI, these drives operate extremely quickly. Supra/KP Hard Disk Interface Supra releas0}ed one of the first hard drives for the 800xl. It hooked up via the PBI. KP bought the rights to the interface from Supra.1} R-Time 8 This is a clock cartridge for any Atari from Fine Tooned Engineering. It includes a pass-through connec2}tor so that any other cartridge can be plugged in as well. Though primarily intended for SpartaDos, software for other DOS3}es is included. Mars-8 This is still under development from Fine Tooned Engineering. For 800xls only. Memory expa4}nsion of 256k, 1M or 4M. Install internally Action, Basic XL/XE, MAC/65, SpartaDos X, R-Time 8. Atari 850 This de5}vice hooks into the SIO line, and provides 4 9-pin RS232 ports and a 15-pin parallel port. The RS232 ports are NOT IBM PC 6}standard. The MIO and PR Connection use the same pinout. P:R: Connection This device plugs into the SIO line, and 7}provides 2 9-pin RS232 ports and a 15-pin parallel port. It is powered by the SIO line. The Atari 1200xl requires an inte8}rnal modification to work with this device, or with the Atari XM301 300 baud modem. Voice Box II Manufactured by t9}he ALIEN Group, this speech synthesizer even nade it into TIME Magazine in their "Machine of the Year" issue in 1982. Plug:}ging into the SIO line, this device would produce speech of the traditional computer variety. R/128 RAMdisk Printer Buffer;} Spooler Protronics of California announced this 128k RAMdisk/printer buffer which interfaced via the joystick ports<}, offering it as a replacement for the 850. A 512k upgrade was promised. (ANT 2/8, 106) N1858-32 Newell Industri=}es announced this 850 replacement in 1983. It offered two serial and one parallel port, along with an expandable 8k printe>}r buffer. (ANT 2/8, 106) Oscar Model 1 This bar-code scanner was from the Databar Corp. The intent was to permit?} the speedy entry of computer programs which would be encoded in magazines. (ANT 2/8, 107) 1200XL PBI Hackers lov@}e the 1200xl for two reasons: because of all the space available within the case, and because of the great keyboard. Bob WA}oolley came up with this set of plans for adding a parallel bus interface to the 1200xl. ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/AtarB}i/8bit/Modifications/pbi1200.arc === End === 4 Conner Peripherals, Inc. D} SUMMIT SCSI Intelligent Disk Drives E} Product Manual F} Revision II.3 G} January, 1992 H} 3081 I}Zanker Road San Jose, CA 95134-2128 (408) 456-4500NoticeConner Peripherals makes no warrJ}anty of any kindwith regard to this material, including, but notlimited to, the implied warranties ofmerchantability and fK}itness for a particularpurpose. Conner Peripherals shall not be liablefor errors contained herein or for incidentalconseqL}uential damages in connection with thefurnishing, performance, or use of this material.Conner Peripherals, Inc. reserves tM}he right tochange, without notification, the specificationscontained in this manual.Copyright Conner Peripherals, Inc. NoN} part ofthis publication may be reproduced or translatedinto any language in any form without the writtenpermission of ConO}ner Peripherals, Inc.IBM, PC/AT are registered trademarks ofInternational Business Machines Corporation.Table of ContP}ents1.0Scope of Manual2.0Key Features 3.0Specification Summary3.1Capacity3.2Configuration3.3Performance3.4ReQ}ad/Write3.5Power Requirements (Typical)3.6Physical Characteristics4.0Environmental Characteristics4.1Temperature4R}.2Humidity4.3Altitude (relative to sea level)4.4Reliability and Maintenance4.5Shock and Vibration4.6Magnetic FieS}ld4.7Acoustic Noise4.8Safety Standards5.0Functional Description5.1Read/Write and Control Electronics5.2Drive MecT}hanism5.3Air Filtration System5.4Head Positioning Mechanism5.5Read/Write Heads and Disks5.6Error Correction5.7U}Customer Options5.7.1SCSI Bus Address5.7.2Delay Spin5.7.3SCSI Parity5.7.4SCSI Termination6.0Power ConnectoV}r7.0Recommended Mounting Configuration8.0SCSI Interface8.1SCSI Commands8.2Cable Requirements8.3Connector RequiremW}ents8.3.1SCSI Signals and Pin Assignments8.4Electrical Description8.4.1Output Characteristics8.4.2Input ChX}aracteristics8.4.3Terminator Power 1.0 Scope of Manual This specificatY}ion describes the key features,specification summary, physical characteristics,environmental characteristics, functionaldeZ}scription, electrical interface, recommendedmounting configuration, and error reporting forthe Conner Peripheral's model CP[}3540. 2.0 Key Features The CP3360 is a high performance 3.5 inch half height (1\}.625 inch) 360 megabyte (formatted) disk drives with 12 ms average seek time. It isdesigned to operate on the Small Compute]}r System Interface (SCSI) and is SCSI-2 compatible. The drive features high performance, high reliability, fast access to^} data and high data throughput. The drive offer high performance while maintaining low power consumption to reduce power s_}upply current and system cooling requirements in disk arrays.Typical applications for this drive is workstations, file se`}rvers, multiuser systems and disk arrays. o Automatic Spindle Synchronization o 256K Byta}e Segmentable Look-Ahead Read Buffer o LRU Caching Algorithm o 88 Bit Reed-Solomon EDAC with single burstb} on-the-fly error correction o LRC on data from interface to disk o SCSI-2 Compatibility o Sealed HDAc} with internal air filtration system. o Executes microprocessor-controlled diagnostic routines automaticad}lly at start- up. o Track skewing 3. 0 Specification Summary3.1 CapacityFormatted Mbytes 3e}62.53.2 Physical ConfigurationDisk Type Thin film Actuator Rotary Voice-Coil Number of Disks 4Data Surfacef}s 8Data Heads 8Servo Embedded Tracks per Surface 1807 Track Density 2150 TPIFormatted Track Capacity g}(bytes) 25,088 Bytes per Block 512 Blocks per Drive 707,952Sectors per Track49 3.3 Peh}rformanceSeek Times1 Track to Track: 3.0 ms Average: 12.0ms2 i}Maximum: 30.0ms Average Latency 6.7 ms j} Rotation Speed (+0.1%) 4498 RPMData Transfer Rate 2.5 Mbyte/second (synchronous) 5.0 Mbyte/secondk}Start Time(Power Up)3 l} typical: 15 seconds maximum: 20 seconds Stop Time (Power Down)m}typical: 15 seconds maximum: 20 secondsInterleave 1:1Buffer Size 256KB segmentable up to 8n} partitions1 The timing is measured through the interface with the drive operating at nominal DC input voltages.2 The ao}verage seek time is determined by averaging the seek time for a minimum of 1000 seeks of random length over the surface ofp} the disk.3 These numbers assume spin recovery is not invoked. If spin recovery is invoked, the maximum could be 40 secoq}nds. Briefly removing power can lead to spin recovery being invoked.3.4 Read/WriteInterface: SCSI (CCS)Recording Methr}od: 2 of 7 RLL codeRecording Density (ID): 44,325 bits per inchFlux Density (ID): 29,550 flux reversals per inch3.5 Pows}er Requirements1 (Typical) +12V DC +5V DC PowerRead/Write Mode 520 ma 215 ma  7.3 WSeek Mode t} 715 ma 210 ma 9.6 WIdle Mode 470 ma 210 ma 6.7 WSpin-up Mode 3.0 amps 275ma u} n/aRead/Write Mode occurs when data is being readfrom or written to the disk.Seek Mode occurs while the actuatorv} is in motion.Idle Mode occurs when the drive is not reading,writing or seeking. The motor is up to speed andDRIVE READYw} condition exists. Actuator is residingon last accessed track.Spin-Up Mode current draw is for 7 secondsmaximum.Maximumx} noise allowed (DC to 1 MHZ, withequivalent resistive load): +5V DC: 2%.1 Without terminators installed.2 The maximum riy}pple allowed is 1% with equivalentresistive load.3The maximum ripple allowed is 2% with equivalentresistive load.3.6 Pz}hysical CharacteristicsOutline Dimensions (inches)1.625" x 4.000" x 5.75"Weight 2.2 pounds 4.0 Envi{}ronmental Characteristics4.1 Temperature Operating 5xC to 55xC Non-operating -40xC to 60xC Thermal Gr|}adient 20xC per hour maximum4.2 Humidity Operating 8% to 80% non-condensing Non-operating 8% to 80% non-c}}ondensing Maximum Wet Bulb 26xC4.3 Altitude (relative to sea level) Operating -200 to 10,000 feet Non-ope~}rating (maximum) 40,000 feet4.4 Reliability And Maintenance MTBF 150,000 hours (POH) MTTR 10 minutes }typical Preventive Maintenance None Component Design Life 5 years Data Reliablity <1 non-recove}rable error in 1013 bits read 4.5 Shock and VibrationShock 1/2 sine pulse, 11 msecond durationVibrat}ion Swept sine, 1 octave per minuteNon-operating shock: 50 G'sNon-operating vibration: 5-62 HZ (1/2 oct/min) 0.02}0 inch double amplitude 63-500 Hz (1/2 oct/min) 4 G's peakOperating Shock: 5 G's (without non-recoverable} errors)Operating Vibration: 5-22 Hz 0.010 inch displacement (double amplitude) 23-500 Hz 0.5 G's (without }non-recoverable error)4.6 Magnetic FieldThe disk drive will meet its specified performancewhile operating in the }presence of an externallyproduced magnetic field under the followingconditions:Frequency Field Intensity0 to 700Khz }6 gauss maximum700Khz to 1.5Mhz 1 gauss maximum4.7 Acoustic NoiseThe sound pressure level will not exceed 40 dBA ata }distance of 1 meter from the drive.4.8 Safety StandardsConner Peripherals disk drives are designed tocomply with releva}nt product safety standards suchas: o UL 478, 5th edition, Standard for Safety of Information Processing and Busin}ess Equipment, and UL 1950, Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment o CSA 22.2 #154, }Data Processing Equipment and CSA 22.2 #220, Information Processing and Business Equipment and CSA 22.2} #950, Safety of Information Technology equipment o IEC 435 Safety Requirements for Data Processing Equipm}ent, IEC 380, Safety of Electrically Energized Office Machines, and IEC 950, Safety of Information Technology} Equipment, Including Electrical Business Equipment. o VDE 0805 Equivalent to IEC 435, VDE 0805 TIEL }100, Equivalent to IEC 950, and VDE 0806, Equivalent to IEC 380 o TUV Essen and TUV Rheinland. } 5.0 Functional DescriptionThe drive contains all necessary mechanical andelectronic parts to interpret control signa}ls,position the recording heads over the desiredtrack, read and write data, and provide acontaminant free environment for }the heads anddisks.5.1 Read/Write and Control ElectronicsOne integrated circuit is mounted within thesealed enclosure }in close proximity to theread/write heads. Its function is to provide headselection, read pre-amplification, and write dri}vecircuitry.The microprocessor-controlled circuit cardprovides the remaining electronic functions whichinclude: o} Read/Write Circuitry o Rotary Actuator Control o Interface Control o Spin Speed Control o }Dynamic BrakingAt power down the heads are automaticallyretracted to the inner diameter of the disk andare latched and pa}rked on a landing zone that isinside the data tracks.5.2 Drive MechanismA brushless DC direct drive motor rotates thes}pindle. The motor/spindle assembly isdynamically balanced to provide minimal mechanicalrunout to the disks. A dynamic br}ake is used toprovide a fast stop to the spindle motor andreturn the heads to the landing zone when power isremoved.5.3 } Air Filtration SystemThe head-disk assembly is a sealed enclosure withan integral 0.3 micron filter which maintains acle}an environment for the heads and disks.5.4 Head Positioning MechanismThe read/write heads are supported by a mechanismc}oupled to a rotary voice coil actuator.5.5 Read/Write Heads and DisksData is recorded on 95mm diameter disks through337}0 type thin film heads. 5.6 Error CorrectionThe Error Detection and Correction Code (EDAC)implementation in this ge}neration of Conner diskdrives is a Reed Solomon code with single burst on-the-fly correction capability. The code willcor}rect any single burst of up to 11-bits inlength on-the-fly. The code will correct twoerror bursts of up to 11-bits in leng}th infirmware and detect three error bursts of up to 11-bits in length. The single burst detectioncapability of the code }is 51-bits.5.7 Customer Options5.7.1 SCSI Bus AddressThere are three jumpers available forconfiguration of SCSI ID: }E1, E2, and E3. Thefollowing table defines the settings: Jumper OptionsE1 E2 E3 SCSI IDOut Out Out 0In Out} Out 1Out In Out 2In In Out 3Out Out In 4In Out In 5Out In In 6In In In 75.7.2 Delay Spin}A jumper in the E4 location, disables spin up onpower-on. Disabling spin up on application ofpower can also be enabled by} setting the DSPN bitin MODE SELECT page 0.E4 DSPN ResultIn 0 Spin DisabledIn 1 Spin DisabledOut 0 Spin up }on Power OnOut 1 Spin Disabled5.7.3 SCSI ParitySCSI parity is always enabled in both directions.5.7.4 SCSI Termin}ationThree removable resistor packs located behind the50-pin SCSI interface connector provide SCSI bustermination. Termi}nator power (TERMPWR) output onpin 26 can be disabled by removing the jumper inlocation E5 which is located behind the 50-p}inSCSI Interface ccnnector. 6.0 Power ConnectorThe drive has a 4-pin DC power connector mountedon the PCB. The r}ecommended mating connector isAMP part number 1-480424-0 utilizing AMP pins,part number 350078-4 or equivalent. } } } } 7.0 Recommended Mounting ConfigurationThe drive is desi}gned to be used in applicationswhere the unit may experience shock and vibrationsat greater levels than larger and heavier }diskdrives.The design features which allow greater shocktolerance are the use of rugged heads and media, adedicated land}ing zone, closed loop servopositioning and specially designed motor andactuator assemblies.Ten base mounting points are p}rovided to thecustomer. The drive is mounted using 6-32 x 1/8"max. insertion for the sides, and 1/4" insertionfor the bott}om. The system integrator shouldallow ventilation to the drive to ensure reliabledrive operation over the operating temper}aturerange. The drive may be mounted in any attitude.The system integrator should also allow o.060inches (1.6mm) of free} space and on each side ofthe drive for head-disk-assembly (HDA) sway spaceif the drive is expected to need operating shock}specifications. If the disk drive is mounted fromsides, the mounting provisions should clear thebaseplate of the HDA. } 8.0 SCSI Interface This section contains a brief summary of the SCSIInterface implem}ented in the CP3360. For additional details regarding command descriptions, please refer to the Fifth Generation SCSI Inter}face Manual.8.1 SCSI CommandsFollowing is a list of commands that the drivesupports: Format Unit 04H }Inquiry 12H Mode Select 15H Mode Sense 1AH Read (6) 08H Read }(10) 28H Read Buffer 3CH Read Capacity 25H Read Defect Data 37H Read Long } 3EH Reassign Blocks 07H Release 17H Request Sense 03H Reserve } 16H Re-zero Unit 01H Seek (6) 0BH Seek Extended (10) 2BH Send Diagnostic } 1DH Start/Stop Unit 1BH Test Unit Ready 00H Verify 2FH Write (6) 0A}H Write Extended (10) 2AH Write and Verify 2EH Write Buffer 3BH Write Long 3FH8.}2 Cable RequirementsA 50-conductor flat cable or 25-conductor twistedpair cable is required. The maximum cable lengthis} 6.0 meters (19.68 ft.).The cable characteristic impedance should be 132ohms q 10% with a minimum conductor size of 28AWG}.8.3 Connector RequirementsThe drive connector is a 50-conductor connectorwhich consists of two rows of 25 male pins on} 100mil centers.The cable connector is a 50-conductor non-shieldedconnector which consists of two rows of 25 femaleconta}cts on 100 mil centers.8.3.1 SCSI Signals and Pin AssignmentsSignalPin No.-DB(0) 2-DB(1) 4-DB(2) 6-DB(3}) 8-DB(4) 10-DB(5) 12-DB(6) 14-DB(7) 16-DB(P) 18GND 20GND 22GND 24TERMPWR 26GND 28}GND 30-ATN 32GND 34-BSY 36-ACK 38-RST 40-MSG 42-SEL 44-C/D 46-REQ 48-I/O 50The mi}nus sign (-) indicates active low.All odd pins except pin 25 must be connectedto ground.Pin 25 is left open.8.4 Elect}rical DescriptionThe drive uses open collector drivers. Allassigned signals are terminated with 220 ohms to+5 volts and }330 ohms to ground. The terminationresistors are removable for multi-deviceconfigurations.8.4.1 Output Characteristics}Each signal driven by the drive has the followingoutput characteristics when measured at the driveconnector:Signal asser}tion: 0.0 VDC to 0.4 VDCMinimum driver output capability: 48 ma(sinking) at 0.5 VDCSignal negation 2.5 VDC to 5.25 VDC8.}4.2 Input CharacteristicsEach signal received by the drive must have thefollowing input characteristics when measured at}the drive connector:Signal assertion: 0.0 VDC to 0.8 VDCMinimum total input load: -0.4 ma (sinking) at0.4 VDCSignal fals}e 2.0 VDC to 5.25 VDC8.4.3 Terminator PowerTerminator power (TERMPWR) is supplied through adiode to prevent the back-fl}ow of power to thedrive. TERMPWR has the following characteristics:Supply voltage 4.0 VDC to 5.25 VDCMinimum source ca}pability: 800 maMinimum sink capability: 1.0 ma sink capability(except for the purpose of providing power to aninterm}inator) with a 1.0 amp fuse.------------------------------------------------------------------------Last update: 19.IX.1996. Atari executable relocata#}ble fileWritten by Draco, 19.IX.1996. 5.a.m.Well, there's only one system, that at the end of the XXth century does not #}have relocatable executables. It is the Atari 8-bit. Executables are usually loaded at $2000 or higher to prevent possible co#}nflicts with various Disk Operating Systems. But if you have a system, the SpartaDOS X for example, where MEMLO is about $100#}0, about 4 kbytes are wasted. It is almost 10 % of total amount of free memory on a 64k system! A good example is the Turbo B#}ASIC XL: it loads at $2080 and there's no way to use a byte below this address for a BASIC program. Also 65c816 systems may r#}un into troubles, since there's no way to load executables into high RAM (i.e. past the first 64k).OK. Here goes my proposi#}tion. The relocatable file contains parts, as follows: Header Binary segment Relocator info possibly a next header ...#} etc. The header contains fields as follows: FILEID - a 4-byte ASCII string "REL1", where "1" is the format version. PR#}GFLAGS - a 16-bit word, that contains flags: 1.TSRF - the program is a TSR (Terminate & Stay Resident) 2.RUNV - run address #}(see below) is valid. 3.INIV - init address is valid. 4.LONG - all following words are LONG (i.e. 24-bit), otherwise 16-bit. #}5.HIGH - load the segment to the high RAM (i.e. past the first 64k). 6.BANK - load the segment to the bank-select RAM ($4000-#}$7FFF), if possible. 7.SHD1 - load the segment to the shadow RAM at $C000, if possible. 8.SHD2 - load the segment to the shad#}ow RAM at $D800, if possible. 9.PAGE - align to a 256-byte boundary 10.SEGM - align to a 64k boundary 11.not used 12.not used#} 13.not used 14.not used 15.not used 16.not used BINLEN - length of binary segment (without the header). This word may be 1#}6- or 24-bit regarding the value of the LONG flag. RELWORD - length of relocator data to fix 16-bit words. RELLONG - length#} of relocator data to fix 24-bit words. OFFSET - a space, that need to be reserved between this segment and the last byte of#} a segment, that has been loaded previously. If there was no such segment, the space is reserved at the lowest free address. #}RUNAD - run address (do not execute the file, if RUNV=0) INIAD - init address (do not execute the segment, if INIV=0) TEXT#}LEN - a byte value, that contains the length of following string APPID - optional text field: may contain the program name. #}The relocator info structure is quite simple: it contains offsets, those point to internal words those need to be fixed. If#} the segment is longer, than 64k, these offsets are 24-bit. Example 1: FILEID = REL1 - Atari relocatable file PRGFLAGS #}= %00000001 00000010 (= $0102) - no TSR, RUN valid, INIT invalid, all words short, load at MEMLO, align to next page. BINLEN#} = $2807 - binary segment is 10247 bytes long. RELWORD = $0310 - relocator info for 16-bit words is 784 bytes long. RELLONG#} = $0000 - no longwords need to be fixed. OFFSET = $0100 - reserve 256 bytes between MEMLO and the begin of the segment. RU#}NAD = $00D5 - run address is MEMLO + OFFSET + 213 bytes (because RUNV = 1) INITAD = $0000 - no init address (because the INI#}V = 0) TEXTLEN = $12 - textfield is 18 bytes long. APPID = Example File v.1.0 Example 2: FILEID = REL1 - Atari relocat#}able file PRGFLAGS = %00000000 00011010 (= $001A) - no TSR, RUN valid, INIT invalid, all words long, load at VXMLOW, no alig#}nment. BINLEN = $021170 - binary segment is 135536 bytes long. RELWORD = $00583E - relocator info for 16-bit words is 22590#} bytes long. RELLONG = $002C1E - relocator info for 24-bit words is 11294 bytes long OFFSET = $000100 - reserve 256 bytes b#}etween VXMLOW and the begin of the segment. RUNAD = $0000D5 - run address is VXMLOW + OFFSET + 213 bytes (because RUNV = 1) #}INITAD = $000000 - no init address (because the INIV = 0) TEXTLEN = $00 - no textfield OK, some things need to be explain#}ed now, for example what the hell the VXMLOW is???Well, I think, that an '816-aware OS should provide at least two variables#}, those will point to a free memory block past the first 64k and to the end of this block. Where are they? There is a very n#}ice location to place them. It is a text buffer, that was valid in the 400/800 OS, but now, in the XL OS, is obsolete. The bu#}ffer starts at $00024E and is 40 bytes long. So, we can place there some 'extended' vectors and variables, such as: $00024#}E-$00024F VXCOP - COP interrupt $000250-$000251 VXABT - ABORT interrupt (may be useful, who knows...) $000252-$000254 VXMLO#}W - lowest free address in the high RAM (no such RAM if VXMLOW = $000000) $000255-$000257 VXMTOP - highest free address in t#}he high RAM $000258 NBANKS - total number of additional banks-of RAM at $004000-$007FFF NOTE: both VXMLOW and VXMTOP vecto#}rs are 24-bit!That's all for now. If there's no objection, these vectors will become reality in the DracOS '816 and the file#} format described above will be handled by the MagnaDOS. -------------------------------------------------------------------#}-----Any questions, comments and concepts will be appreciated.-------------------------------------------------------#}----------------- /