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G}JB|,#P#DE 1 HI BDEHHII 1 B 1 ,^ 1 70,0La- B V,#PH},^ 1 70 0L#L!-* 1P* 1 y0Yj383}mm ݭI}}`8}``|* ? ɛ,`|:-)| / 1L!`DESTINATION CANT BE DOJ}S.SYS0 0H{ 24Δ 28/L!/) 2 Π 2 0 ξK}hAΞB,0 J 1 BDEHI,HÝDE 1HIHIDELSAVE-GIVE L}FILE,START,END(,INIT,RUN)O S0 1`BDEPHI V` S0H 1 L!M}0 0 1L~0`PLEASE TYPE 1 LETTER,0`hhL! 70 1L0L<1 ,;ɛ7,"ɛ:ݦ1ݥN}A"D|ݤD|ȩ:|ȩ|ɛ,,(/+.ީ1 1,ɛ`轤{NAMEO} TOO LONG B VL!` L1I H1EΝDL1|mDiE` V0`8d/8 i:222 1 LP}!ERROR- 138ɛ+,' 20*.. өr2 1``2TOO MANY DIGITSINVALID HEXAQ}DECIMAL PARAMETER800 0 8 00`,0'D800 H,ɛh`2L1NEED D1 THRU D8uR}  Conner Peripherals, Inc.CP3040 Intelligent Disk Drive Product Manual Revision II T}August, 1990 3081 Zanker RoadSan Jose, CA 95134-2128 (408) 456-4500Japan (81) 3-597-8321 Europe (49) 8U}9-811-2097NoticeConner Peripherals makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limiV}ted to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Conner Peripherals shall not be liaW}ble for errors contained herein or for incidental consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or X}use of this material.Conner Peripherals, Inc. reserves the right to change, without notification, the specifications contY}ained in this manual.Copyright Conner Peripherals, Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced or translated into Z}any language in any form without the written permission of Conner Peripherals, Inc.IBM, PC/AT and PC/XT are registered tra[}demarks of International Business Machines Corporation.Table of Contents1.0Scope of Manual2.0Key Features3.0Sp\}ecification Summary3.1Capacity 3.2Configuration3.3Performance3.4Read/Write3.5Power Requirements (Typical)]}3.6Physical Characteristics4.0Environmental Characteristics4.1Temperature4.2Humidity4.3Altitude (relative^} to sea level)4.4Reliability and Maintenance4.5Shock and Vibration4.6Magnetic Field4.7Acoustic Noise4.8Sa_}fety Standards5.0Functional Description5.1Read/Write and Control Electronics5.2Drive Mechanism5.3Air Filtrati`}on System5.4Head Positioning Mechanism5.5Read/Write Heads and Disks5.6Error Correction5.7Customer Options6a}.0Electrical Interface6.1Power Connector6.2Cabling6.3Diagnostic Routines6.4SCSI Termination7.0Recommendeb}d Mounting Configuration8.0SCSI Interface8.1SCSI Commands8.2Cable Requirements8.3Connector Requirements8.c}4Electrical Description8.4.1Output Characteristics8.4.2Input Characteristics 8.4.3Terminator Power1.0d}Scope of ManualThe manual lists the key features, specifications and environmental characteristics of the disk drive. e}It provides a functional description, along with electrical interface data and the recommended mounting configuration. Incf}luded is a list of the SCSI commands supported by the drive.2.0Key FeaturesThe Conner Peripherals CP3040 is a 3.5 ing}ch low-profile (1.00") disk drive which offers high performance with low power consumption. Using the Small Computer Systeh}m Interface (SCSI), which is compatible with the Common Command Set (CCS), the disk drive provides 40 Mbytes of formatted i}storage. Key features include:oLow power requirements enabling battery operation in portable environmentsoHigh perj}formance rotary voice coil actuator with embedded servo systemoTwo of seven run length limited codeoHigh shock resistk}anceoInternal air filtration systemoSealed HDAoAutomatic actuator latch against inner stop upon power downoMicrl}oprocessor-controlled diagnostic routines that are automatically executed at start-upoAutomatic error correction and retm}riesoBlock size: 512 byteso8K byte data buffer with look-ahead cachingo1:1 Interleave3.0Specification Summaryn}3.1 Capacity42 Mbytes Formatted3.2 ConfigurationActuator TypeRotory Voice-CoilNumber of Disks1Data Surfaceso}2Data Heads2ServoEmbeddedTracks per Surface1026Track Density1400Track Capacity (bytes)20,480Bytes per p}Block512Blocks per Drive82,080Blocks per Track403.3 PerformanceSeek:Trk to Trk8.0 msAverage25.0 msq}Max.50.0Rotation Speed3557Data Rate1.50 MbytesStart Time:Typical5 secMaximum15 secStop Time:Tyr}pical5 secMaximum10 secInterleave1:1Buffer Size8KThe timing is measured through the interface withs} the drive operating at nominal DC input voltages. The timing also assumes that the I/O driver overhead and system hardwaret} dependency have been subtracted from timing measurements.The average seek time is determined by averaging the seek time u}for a minimum of 1000 seeks of random length over the surface of the disk.Host system must allow a minimum of 60 seconds fv}or drive electronics to facilitate retries for a READY condition to become active. One retry is equal to 25 seconds.3.4 w}Read/WriteInterfaceSCSIRecording Method2/7 RLLRecording Density30,871 BPIFlux Density20,581 RPI3.5 Power Rx}equirements (Typical)12V DC5V DC*PowerR/W Mode230 ma275 ma4.2 WSeek Mode140 ma180 ma2.8 WIdle Mode125 may}160 ma2.3 WStandby Mode30 ma180 ma1.1 WSpin-up700 ma180 ma N/A*Without SCSI terminators installedRead/Writez} Mode: Occurs when data is being read from or  written to the disk.Seek Mode: Occurs when the actuator is in motion.{}Idle Mode: Occurs when the drive is not reading, writing,  or seeking. The spin-motor is up to speed and  a Drive|} Ready condition exists. The actuator  is residing on the last accessed track.Standby Mode: Occurs when the motor is }}stopped, actuator  parked and all electronics except the interface  control is in sleep state. (Standby Mod~}e can  be entered via the Stop Motor command.)Spin-Up Mode: Occurs while the spindle motor is accelerating  } from its rest state to its operational speed.  During the typical spin-up cycle, current on the  12 volt l}ine may reach up to 1000 mA for up to  500 microseconds. The specified current is the  time averaged value o}ver the spin-up cycle.Maximum noise allowed (DC to 1 MHZ, with equivalent resistive load: +12V DC: 1%, +5V DC: 2%.3.6} Physical CharacteristicsDimensions:1.00" x 4.00" x 5.75"4.0Environmental Characteristics4.1 TemperatureOpera}ting5 deg. C to 55 deg. CNon-operating-40 deg. C to 60 deg. CThermal Gradient10 deg C P/h max.4.2 HumidityOper}ating8% to 80% Non-condensingNon-operating8% to 80 % Non-condensingMax Wet Bulb26 deg.C4.3 Altitude (relative to} sea level)Operating-200 to 10,000 ftNon-operating40,000 ft4.4 Reliability and MaintenanceMTBF50,000 hrs. (PO}H)MTTR10 min4.5 Shock Non-operating70Gs 10msOperating5Gs 11msWithout non-recoverable errors4.6 Magneti}c FieldThe disk drive will meet its specified performance while operating in the presence of an externally produced magne}tic field under the following conditions:0 to 700Khz6 gauss700Khz to 1.5 Mhz1 gauss4.7 Acoustic NoiseThe sound p}ressure level will not exceed 40 dBA at a distance of 1 meter from the drive.4.8 Safety StandardsThe CP3040 disk drive} is designed to comply with relevant product safety standards such as:oUL 478, 5th edition, Standard for Safety of Info}rmation Processing and Business Equipment, andUL 1950, Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment oCSA }22.2 #154, Data Processing Equipment andCSA 22.2 #220, Information Processing and Business Equipment.oIEC 435 Safety Req}uirements for Data Processing Equipment,IEC 380, Safety of Electrically Energized Office Machines, andIEC 950, Safety of }Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment.oVDE 0805 Equivalent to IEC 435,VDE 0805 TIEL} 100, Equivalent to IEC 950, and VDE 0806, Equivalent to IEC 380.5.0Functional DescriptionThe CP3040 disk drive conta}ins all necessary mechanical and electronic parts to interpret control signals, position the recording heads over the desir}ed track, read and write data, and provide a contaminant free environment for the heads and disks.5.1 Read/Write and C}ontrol ElectronicsOne integrated circuit is mounted within the sealed enclosure in close proximity to the read/write head}s. Its function is to provide head selections, read preamplification, and write data circuitry.The single microprocessor}-controlled circuit card provides the remaining electronic functions, which include:oRead/Write CircuitryoRotary Actuat}or ControloInterface ControloSpin Speed ControloDynamic BrakingAt Power Down, the heads are automatically retracted t}o the inner diameter of the disk, and are latched and parked on a landing zone that is inside the data tracks.5.2 Drive } MechanismA brushless DC direct drive motor rotates the spindle at 3557 rpm. The motor/spindle assembly is balanced to p}rovide minimal mechanical runout to the disks and to reduce vibration of the HDA. A dynamic brake is used to provide a fas}t stop to the spindle motor when power is removed.5.3 Air Filtration SystemThe head-disk assembly is a sealed enclosu}re with an integral 0.3 micron filter which maintains a clean environment for the heads and disks.5.4 Head Positioning } MechanismThe read/write heads are supported by a mechanism coupled to a voice coil actuator.5.5 Read/Write Heads and D}isksData is recorded on 95 mm diameter disks through 3370 type thin film or composite metal in gap heads.5.6 Error Cor}rectionThe CP3040 disk drive performs internal error correction. The six-byte error correction polynomial is capable of co}rrecting one error burst with a maximum of 8 bits per 512-byte block.5.7 Customer OptionsThere are four jumpers availa}ble for configuration. Three of these jumpers, E1, E2, and E3, are used to select the drive's SCSI ID, installing E4 disab}les parity. Values:E1 = 1E2 = 2E3 = 46.0Electrical Interface6.1 Power ConnectorThe drive has a 4-pin DC }power connector (J3) mounted on the PCB. The recommended mating connector is AMP part number 1-480424-0 utilizing AMP pins }(part number 350078-4 or equivalent).6.2 CablingConnect the SCSI interface cable to J2, Pin 1 is located next tothe 4 p}in power connector. Bus termination is required on the last device of the SCSI bus.6.3 Diagnostic RoutinesThe micropr}ocessor performs diagnostics upon application of power. If an error is detected, the drive will not become ready.6.4 SCS}I TerminationThere are three removable terminators; RP1, RP2, and RP3. They can be removed from the drive if bus terminat}ion is provided elsewhere in the system.7.0Recommended Mounting ConfigurationThe CP3040 drive is designed to be used in} applications where the units may experience shock and vibrations at greater levels than larger and heavier disk drives. }The design features which allow greater shock tolerance are the use of rugged heads and media, a dedicated landing zone, cl}osed loop servo positioning and specially designed motor and actuator assemblies.Ten base mounting points are provided to} the customer. The drive is mounted using 6-32 screws; 1/8" maximum insertion for the sides, and 1/4" maximum insertion fo}r the bottom. The system integrator should allow ventilation to the drive to ensure reliable drive operation over the opera}ting temperature range. The drive may be mounted in any attitude.For additional vibration isolation, an external suspensio}n system may be used. 8.0SCSI InterfaceThis section contains a brief summary of the SCSI interface implemented in the} CP3040. For additional details regarding the exact command description block format, please refer to the Second Generation} SCSI Interface Manual.8.1SCSI CommandsThis section briefly lists the SCSI commands that are supported by the CP3040 di}sk drive:CP3040 Supported SCSI CommandsFormat Unit04HInquiry12HMode Select15HMode Sense1AHRead08H}Read Buffer3CHRead Capacity25HRead Defect Data37HRead Extended28HRead Long3EHReassign Blocks07HRelease}17HRequest Sense03HReserve16HRe-zero Unit01HSeek0BHSeek Extended2BHSend Diagnostic1DHStart/Sto}p Unit1BHTest Unit Ready00HVerify2FHWrite0AHWrite and Verify2EHWrite Buffer3BHWrite Extended2AHW}rite Long3FH8.2 Cable RequirementsA 50-conductor flat cable or 25-conductor twisted pair cable is required. The max}imum cable length is 6.0 meters (19.68 ft.).The cable characteristic impedance should be 132 ohms + or- 10% with a minimu}m conductor size of 28 AWG.8.3 Connector RequirementsThe drive connector is a 50-conductor connector which consists of }two rows of 25 male pins on 100 mil centers.The cable connector is a 50-conductor non-shielded connector which consists of} two rows of 25 female contacts on 100 mil centers. The pin assignments for this connector are shown in the following ta}ble:Signal*Pin**-DB02-DB14-DB26-DB38-DB410-DB512-DB614-DB716-DBP18GND}20GND22GND24TERM PWR26GND28GND30-ATN32GND34-BSY36-ACK38-RST40-MSG42-S}EL44-C/D46-REQ48-I/O50The minus sign (-) indicates active low.*All odd pins except pin 25 must be connec}ted to ground. **Pin 25 must be left open. 8.4 Electrical DescriptionThe CP3040 drive uses open collector drivers. All} assigned signals are terminated with 220 ohms to +5 volts and 330 ohms to ground. The termination resistors are removable }for multi-device configurations.8.4.1 Output CharacteristicsEach signal driven by the drive has the following output c}haracteristics when measured at the drive connector:Signal Assertion0.0 VDC to 0.4 VDCMin Driver Output Cap48ma (sin}kingat 0.5 VDCSignal Negation2.5 VDC to 5.25 VDC8.4.2 Input CharacteristicsEach signal received by the drive m}ust have the followinginput characteristics when measured at the drive connector:Signal Assertion0.0 VDC to 0.8 VDCMa}x Total InputLoad-0.4ma to 0.4 VDCSignal False2.0 VDC to 5.25 VDC8.4.3 Terminator PowerTerminator power (TERMPWR)} is supplied through a diode to prevent the back-flow of power to the drive. TERMPWR has the following characteristics:S}upply Voltage4.0 VDC to 5.25 VDCMin Source Dr. Capability800maMax Sink Capability1.0ma with 1amp fuse**Except for} the purpose of providing power to an internal terminator.<Conner Peripherals, Inc. Cougar Series  CP30200 Intelligent Disk Drive Product Manual00501- }042Revision AMarch, 19923081 Zanker Road San Jose, CA 95134-2128(408) 456-4500NoticeConner Peripherals m }akes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchan }tability and fitness for a particular purpose. Conner Peripherals shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for i }ncidental consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.Conner Peripherals, } Inc. reserves the right to change, without notification, the specifications contained in this manual.Copyright Conner Peri }pherals, Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced or translated into any language in any form without the written } permission of Conner Peripherals, Inc.IBM, PC/AT and PC/XT are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Co }rporation.Table of Contents1.0Scope of Manual2.0Key Features 3.0Specification Summary3.1Capacity3.2Configuration }3.3Performance3.4Read/Write3.5Power Requirements (Typical)3.6Physical Characteristics4.0Environmental Character }istics4.1Temperature4.2Humidity4.3Altitude (relative to sea level)4.4Reliability and Maintenance4.5Shock and Vi }bration4.6Magnetic Field4.7Acoustic Noise4.8Safety Standards5.0Functional Description5.1Read/Write and Control E }lectronics5.2Drive Mechanism5.3Air Filtration System5.4Head Positioning Mechanism5.5Read/Write Heads and Disks5 }.6Error Correction5.7Customer Options5.7.1SCSI Bus Address5.7.2SCSI Parity5.7.3SCSI Termination6.0Power Co }nnector7.0Recommended Mounting Configuration8.0SCSI Interface8.1SCSI Commands8.2Cable Requirements8.3Connector Re }quirements8.4Electrical Description8.4.1Output Characteristics8.4.2Input Characteristics8.4.3Terminator Powe }r1.0Scope of ManualThis specification describes the key features, specificationsummary, physical charecteristics, env }ironmental characteristics,functional description, electrical interface, recommended mountingconfiguration and error correc }tion for the CConner Peripheralsmodel CP30200.2.0 Key FeaturesThe CP30200 is a high performance 3.5 inch low profile } (1 inch) 212 megabyte (formatted) disk drive with 12 millisecond average seek time. It is designed to operate on th }e Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) and is SCSI-2 command compatible. Thedrive features high performance high reliabil }ity, fast accessto data and high data throughput. This drive offers high performance while maintaining low power consumptio }n to reducepower supply current and system cooling requirements in diskarrays. Typical applications are workstations.3. 0 } Specification Summary3.1 Capacity212.6 Mbytes formatted3.2 Physical ConfigurationDisk TypeThin filmActuator T }ypeRotary Voice-CoilNumber of Disk2Data Surfaces4Data Heads4ServoEmbeddedTracks per Surface2124Track }Density 2496 TPIFormatted Track Capacity(bytes)25,088Bytes per Block 512Blocks per Drive415,324Sectors per T }rack: 493.3 PerformanceSeek Times*Track to Track: 3.0 ms Average: 12.0 ms**Maximum: 30.0 msAve }rage Latency6.7 msRotation Speed 4500 RPMController Overhead<500 usData Transfer Rate 2.5 Mbyte/secondStart T }ime(Power Up)***typical: 15 seconds maximum: 20 secondsStop Time (Power Down)typical: 15 seconds maximum: 20 se }condsInterleave1:1Buffer Size256K segmentable up to 8 partitions* The timing is measured through the interface with } the drive operating at nominal DC input voltages. ** The average seek time is determined by averaging the seek time for }a minimum of 1000 seeks of random length over the surface of the disk.*** These numbers assume spin recovery is not invoke }d. Ifspin recovery is invoked, the maximum start time couldbe 40 sec. Briefly removing power can invoke spinrecovery.3.4 } Read/Write InterfaceSCSI (CCS)Recording Method1 of 7 RLL codeRecording Density (ID)45,610 BPIFlux Density (ID) }34,207 flux RPI3.5 Power Requirements (Typical)+12V DC +5V DC PowerRead/Write 320 ma170 ma3.7 WSeek Mode260 m }a260 ma4.5 WIdle Mode230 ma170 ma3.2 WSpin-up Mode700 ma 510 ma N/ARead/Write Mode occurs when data is being r }ead from or written to the disk.Seek Mode occurs while the actuator is in motion.Idle Mode occurs when the drive is not re }ading, writing or seeking. The motor is up to speed and DRIVE READY condition exists. Actuator is residingon the last acc }essed track.3.6 Physical Characteristics 1.00" x 4.00" x 5.75"Weight1.3 pounds4.0 Environmental Characteristics }4.1 Temperature Operating 5deg C to 55deg CNon-operating-40degC to 60degCThermal Gradient 20degC p/h max4. }2 Humidity Operating8% to 80% non-condensingNon-operating8% to 80% non-condensingMaximum Wet Bulb26degC per hou }r4.3 Altitude (relative to sea level) Operating-200 to 10,000 feetNon-operating (maximum)40,000 feet4.4 Relia }bility And Maintenance MTBF150,000 hours (POH)1MTTR10 minutes Preventive MaintenanceNoneData Reliablity } <1 non-recoverable error in 1013 bits read4.5 Shock and VibrationShock 1/2 sine pulse, 11 msecond durationVibratio }n Swept sine, 1 octave per minuteNon-operating shock 75 G'sNon-operating vibration 5-62 HZ .020 inch double a }mplitude 63-500 Hz 4 G's peakOperating Shock 5 G's (without non-recoverable errors)Operating Vibration 5-22 } Hz .010 inch displacement (double amplitude) 23-500 Hz .5 G's (without non-recoverable error)4.6 Magnetic FieldT }he disk drive will meet its specified performance while operating in the presence of an externally produced magnetic fiel }d under the following conditions:FrequencyField Intensity0 to 700Khz6 gauss maximum700Khz to 1.5Mhz1 gauss maxi }mum4.7 Acoustic NoiseThe sound pressure level will not exceed 40 dBA at a distance of 1 meter from the drive.4.8 Sa }fety StandardsConner Peripherals disk drives are designed to comply with relevant product safety standards such as:o } UL 478, 5th edition, Standard for Safety of Information Processing and Business Equipment, and oUL 1950, Standard for }Safety of information TechnologyEquipmentoCSA 22.2 # 154, Data Processing Equipment andCSA 22.2 # 220, Information Pro }cessing and BusinessEquipmentCSA 22.2 # 950, Safety of Information TechnologyEquipmentoIEC 435 SDafety Requirements }for Data ProcessingEquipmentIEC 380, Safety of Electronically Energized OfficeMachines andIEC 950, Safety of Informat }ion Technology Equipmentincluding Electrical Business EquipmentoVDE 0805 Equivalent to IEC 435VDE 0805 TIEL 100, Equiv }alent to IEC 950, andVDE 0806, Equivalent to IEC 380oTUV Essen andTUV Rheinland5.0 Functional DescriptionThe driv }e contains all necessary mechanical and electronic parts to interpret control signals, position the recording heads over }the desired track, read and write data, and provide a contaminant free environment for the heads and disks.5.1 Read / w }rite and Control ElectronicsOne integrated circuit is mounted within the sealed enclosurein close proximity to the read/w }rite heads. It's functionis to provide head selection, read amplificationand write drive circuitry.The Microprocessor- }controlled circuit card provides theremaining electronic functions which include:oRead/Write CircuitryoRotary Actuat }or ControloInterface ControloSpin Speed ControloDynamic BrakingAt power down the heads are automatically retract }ed to theinner diameter of the disk and are latched and parked on alanding zone that is inside the data tracks.5.2Driv }e MechanismA brushless DC direct drive motor rotates the spindle. Themotor.spindle assembly is dynamically balanced to pr }ovideminimal mechanical runout to the disks. A dynamic brakeis used to provide a fast stop to the spindle motot andretu }rn the heads to the landing zone when power is removed.5.3 Air Filtration SystemThe head-disk assembly is a sealed en }closure with an integral 0.3 micron filter which maintains a clean environment for the heads and disks.5.4 Head Posi }tioning MechanismThe read/write heads are supported by a mechanism coupledto a rotory voice coil actuator.5.5Read/Writ }e Heads and DisksData is recorded on 95mm diameter disks through 3370 typethin film heads.5.6 Erorr CorrectionThe err }or detection and correction code (EDAC) implementationin this generation of Conner disk drives is a Reed Solomoncode with } single burst on-the-fly correction. The code willcorrect any single burst of up to 11 bits in length on thefly. The code } will correct two error bursts of up to 11 bitswin length in firmware and detect three error bursts of upto 11 bits in le }ngth. The single burst detection capabilityof the code is 51 bits.5.7 Customer Options5.7.1 SCSI Bus AddressTher }e are three jumpers available for configuration of SCSI ID: E1, E2, and E3. Jumper OptionsE1 = 1E2 = 2E3 = 4 }Delay SpinA jumper in the E4 location, disables spin up on power-on. Disabling spin up on application of power can als }o be enabled by setting the DSPN bit in MODE SELECT page 0.E4DSPNResultIn0Spin DisabledIn1Spin DisabledOut }0Spin up on Power OnOut1Spin Disabled5.7.2 SCSI ParitySCSI parity is always enabled in both directions.5.7.3 SCS }I TerminationThree removable resistor packs located behind the 50-pin SCSI interface connector provide SCSI bus terminati }on. Terminator power (TERMPWR) output on pin 26 can be disabledby removing the jumper in loc. E5, which is located behin }dthe 50 pin SCSI interface connector.6.0 Power ConnectorThe drive has a 4-pin DC power connector mounted on the PCB. }The recommended mating connector is AMP part number 1-480424-0 utilizing AMP pins, part number 350078-4 or equivalent. }7.0 Recommended Mounting ConfigurationThe drive is designed to be used in applications where the unit may experience sho }ck and vibrations at greater levels than larger and heavier disk drives will tolerate.The design features which allow gre }ater shock tolerance are the use of rugged heads and media, dedicated landing zone, closed loop servo positioning andspec }ially designed motor and actuator assemblies.Ten base mounting pionts are provided to the customer. The drive is mounted } using 6-32 x 1/8" max. insertion for thesides, and 1/4" insertion for the bottom. The system intrgratorshould allow vent }ilation to the drive to ensure reliable driveoperation over the operating temperature range. The drive may bemounted in a }ny attitude.8.0 SCSI InterfaceThis section contains a brief summary of the SCSI Interface implemented in the CP30200. } For additional details regarding command descriptions, please refer to the Fifth Generation SCSI Interface Manual.8.1 } SCSI CommandsFollowing is a list of commands that the drive supports:Format Unit 04H Inquiry 12H M !}ode Select 15H Mode Sense 1AH Read (6) 08H Read (10) 28H Read Buffer "} 3CH Read Capacity 25HRead Defect Data37HRead Long3EHReassign Blocks07HRelease17HRequest S #}ense03HReserve16HRe-zeroUnit01HSeek (6)0BHSeek Extended (10)2BHSend Diagnostics1DHStart/Stop Un $}it1BHTest Unit Ready00HVerify2FHWrite (6)0AHWrite Extended (10)2AHWrite/Verify2EHWrite Buffer %}3BHWrite Long3FH8.2 Cable RequirementsA 50-conductor flat cable or 25-conductor twisted pair cable is required. T &}he maximum cable length is 6.0 meters (19.68 ft.).The cable characteristic impedance should be 132 ohms +- 10% with a min '}imum conductor size of 28 AWG.8.3 Connector RequirementsThe drive connector is a 50-conductor connector which consists (} of two rows of 25 male pins on 100mil centers.The cable connector is a 50conductor non-shielded connectorwhich consists )} of two rows of 25 female contacts on 100milcenters.The pin assignments for this connector are shown in the following t *}able:Connector Pin AssignmentsSignalPin -DB(0)2-DB(1)4-DB(2)6-DB(3)8-DB(4)10-DB(5)12- +}DB(6)14-DB(7)16-DB(P)18GND20GND22GND24TERMPWR26GND28GND30-ATN32GND34-B ,}SY36-ACK38-RST40-MSG42-SEL44-C/D46-REQ48-I/O50The minus sign (-) indicates active low. -} All odd pins except pin 25 must be connected to ground. Pin 25 is left open. 8.4 Electrical DescriptionThe drive us .}es open collector drivers. All assigned signals are terminated with 220 ohms to +5 volts and 330 ohms to ground. The term /}ination resistors are removable for multi-device configurations.8.4.1 Output CharacteristicsEach signal given by the d 0}rive has the following outputcharacteristics when measured at the drive connector:Signal Assertion0.0 VDC to 0.4 VDC 1}Min driver output capability:48 ma (sinking) at 0.5 VDCSignal negation2.5 VDC to 5.25 VDC8.4.2 Input Characteristics 2}Each signal received by the drive must have the following input characteristics when measured at the drive connector: 3}Signal assertion0.0 VDC to 0.8 VDCMinimum total input load:-0.4 ma (sinking) at 0.4 VDCSignal false2.0 VDC to 5.25 4}VDC8.4.3 Terminator PowerTerminator power (TERMPWR) is supplied through a diode to prevent the back-flow of power to t 5}he drive. TERMPWR has the following characteristics:Supply voltage4.0 VDC to 5.25 VDCMin source capability:800 m 6}aMin sink capability:1.0 ma sink capability (except for the purpose of providing power to an interminator) with a 1.0 7} amp fuse. Newsgroups: rec.radio.cb,rec.radio.info,rec.answers,news.answersPath: bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.kei.com!MathWorks.Com!europa9}.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!sdd.hp.com!decwrl!decwrl!amd!amdahl!thunder!ikluftFrom: ikluft@klu:}ft.com (Ian Kluft)Subject: rec.radio.cb Frequently Asked Questions (Part 3 of 4)Keywords: FAQ RADIO CBReferences: Followup-To: rec.radio.cbApproved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu,rec-radio-info@ve6mgs.ampr.ab.<}caSender: ikluft@sbay.org (Ian Kluft)X-Content-Currency: This FAQ changes regularly. When your saved or printed copy is=} over 9 months old, please obtain a new one from rec.radio.cb or news.answers on NetNews, from rtfm.mit.edu or ftp.amdahl.>}com via FTP, or from listserv@rtfm.mit.edu via e-mail.Organization: Kluft ConsultingDate: Tue, 29 Mar 1994 01:41:18 GMT?}Supersedes: Message-ID: Expires: Sat, 16 Apr 1994 0@}1:41:10 GMTX-Posting-Frequency: posted on the 7th and 22nd of each monthReply-To: cb-faq@kluft.com (CB FAQ Coordinators)LiA}nes: 236Xref: bloom-beacon.mit.edu rec.radio.cb:2734 rec.radio.info:4788 rec.answers:4660 news.answers:16961Posted-By: autB}o-faq 3.1.1.4Archive-name: radio/cb-faq/part3Revision: 2.0 1993/11/07 21:32:24Rec.radio.cb Frequently Asked Questions (PaC}rt 3: Communication)---------------------------------------------------------------THIS ARTICLE IS INTENDED TO BE A FREE RD}ESOURCE FOR THE BENEFIT OF USENETREADERS. YOU MAY COPY AND REDISTRIBUTE IT UNDER THE CONDITION THAT THISMESSAGE AND CREDITE} TO THE EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ARE INCLUDED WITHOUTMODIFICATION. Material from the FAQ may be used to answer any questionF}s.Corrections and updates are welcome.Questions discussed in Part 3: (dates indicate last modification)* Which 10-codes aG}re most commonly used? (7/91)* What are the CB 10-codes? (7/91)* Where are 10-codes used? (3/92)* What are some of the morH}e common Q-codes? (3/92)* What are some tips for communicating with others on the CB? (12/91)--Rec.radio.cb Frequently-askI}ed Questions-----------------------------Part 3--* Which 10-codes are most commonly used?---------------------------------J}-------When getting started, remember at least the following 10-codes:10-1 Receiving Poorly10-4 Ok, K}Message Received10-7 Out of Service, Leaving Air (you're going off the air)10-8 In Service, subject to L}call (you're back on the air)10-9 Repeat Message10-10 Transmission Completed, Standing By (you'll be lisM}tening)10-20 "What's your location?" or "My location is..." Commonly asked as "What's your 20?"andN} maybe also this one...10-100 Need to go to BathroomAlso, remember that 10-4 only means "message received". If yoO}u want to say"yes", use "affirmative". For "no", use "negative".* What are the CB 10-codes?---------------------------P}10-1 Receiving Poorly10-2 Receiving Well10-3 Stop Transmitting10-4 Ok, Message ReQ}ceived10-5 Relay Message10-6 Busy, Stand By10-7 Out of Service, Leaving Air10-8 IR}n Service, subject to call10-9 Repeat Message10-10 Transmission Completed, Standing By10-11 TaS}lking too Rapidly10-12 Visitors Present10-13 Advise weather/road conditions10-16 Make Pickup atT}...10-17 Urgent Business10-18 Anything for us?10-19 Nothing for you, return to base10-20 U} My Location is ......... or What's your Location?10-21 Call by Telephone10-22 Report in Person too ..V}....10-23 Stand by10-24 Completed last assignment10-25 Can you Contact .......10-26 DW}isregard Last Information/Cancel Last Message/Ignore10-27 I am moving to Channel ......10-28 Identify youX}r station10-29 Time is up for contact10-30 Does not conform to FCC Rules10-32 I will give you aY} radio check10-33 Emergency Traffic at this station10-34 Trouble at this station, help needed10-35 Z} Confidential Information10-36 Correct Time is .........10-38 Ambulance needed at .........10-39 [} Your message delivered10-41 Please tune to channel ........10-42 Traffic Accident at ..........10-4\}3 Traffic tieup at .........10-44 I have a message for you (or .........)10-45 All units within ]}range please report10-50 Break Channel10-62 Unable to copy, use phone10-62sl unable to copy on AM^}, use Sideband - Lower (not an official code)10-62su unable to copy on AM, use Sideband - Upper (not an official code_})10-65 Awaiting your next message/assignment10-67 All units comply10-70 Fire at .......10-73 `} Speed Trap at ............10-75 You are causing interference10-77 Negative Contact10-84 a} My telephone number is .........10-85 My address is ...........10-91 Talk closer to the Mike10-92 b} Your transmitter is out of adjustment10-93 Check my frequency on this channel10-94 Please give me a lc}ong count10-95 Transmit dead carrier for 5 sec.10-99 Mission completed, all units secure10-100 Nd}eed to go to Bathroom10-200 Police needed at ..........* Where are 10-codes used?--------------------------10-e}codes originated in the USA and are, apparently, only used in English-speaking countries. However, no matter which codes arf}e used in your country,be aware that there are local dialects in every urban area and region. Youhave to listen to others q}B%DOS SYSB*)DUP SYSBsSCP3040 TXTBrCP30200 TXTB^8CB_P3 ATAB\DRIVE ASCBFP1050TXTDOCB6BFREEZER TXTB6xSTABLXL 80 B"XEPIBM TXTto learn the phrases and codes in you area.Be aware that the use of codes specifically to obscure the meaning of a trans-mr}ission is probably illegal in most countries. The difference is this - codeswhich are well known and make communications shs}orter or more efficient arenormally allowed.* What are some of the more common Q-codes?---------------------------------t}----------Q-codes are used in many kinds of radio communications, including CB sidebandbut not typically on CB AM. (If you}ur radio doesn't have sideband, don'tworry about Q-codes.) Q-codes originated with amateur radio but their use inCB, even v}more so than 10-codes, can vary depending on who published the list.The following is an abbreviated list of Q-codes borrowew}d from amateur radio:QRM man made noise, adjacent channel interferenceQRN static noiseQRO increase powerQRP reduce pox}werQRT shut down, clearQSL confirmation, often refers to confirmation cards exchanged by hamsQSO conversationQSX stany}ding by on the sideQSY move to another frequencyQTH address, locationThe following is from a list of Q-codes used by thz}e X-Ray Club (a sideband-users club headquartered in Paradise, California):QRL Busy, Stand ByQRM Man Made InterferenceQ{}RT Stop Transmit or Shutting Down (same as 10-7 on AM)QRX Stop Transmit or Standing ByQRZ Who is Calling?QS Receiving|} WellQSB Receiving PoorlyQSK I have something to Say or Station breakingQSM Repeat MessageQSO Radio ContactQSP Rela}}y MessageQSX Standing By (same as 10-10 on AM)QSY Changing FrequencyQTH My Location is... or What's your location?QT~}R Correct TimeQ-codes may be used to ask questions (QTH?) or to answer them (QTH is 5th &Ivy Streets.)The ARRL Handbook} and the ARRL operating guides have more complete listingsof those used for amateur radio. (ARRL is an amateur radio organi}zation.)Historically, the Q signals were instituted at the 'World Administrative RadioConference' (WARC) in 1912. Because }of their international origin, Q-codesmay be more accepted outside English-speaking countries than 10-codes are.* What ar}e some tips for communicating with others on the CB?-------------------------------------------------------------The follo}wing is a list that is generally considered proper procedure orpolite when using a CB radio. It can also be considered a be}ginner's survivalguide. This list was compiled from common problems that have plagued beginnerssince CBs first became popu}lar.- When two people are talking, essentially they temporarily "own" the channel.US FCC regulations say that they have to} give other people opportunities to usethe channel if they're going to use it more than several minutes. But it isnot up t}o an outsider to "take" the channel from them.- Take care not to "step on" other units (i.e. transmitting at the same time}as they are, thereby making both your transmissions unreadable.) This usuallymeans that you should adjust your break squelc}h level so that you can hear theother unit and then only begin to transmit when you can't hear anyone else.- NEVER deliber}ately key over someone else. Nobody likes that.- If you hear one unit break for another unit, give some time for the unit}to respond before you say anything yourself. (Keep in mind that they may haveto fumble for a microphone in a moving car or }dodge furniture enroute to abase station.) Remember, the calling unit has the channel.- If you want to talk on a channel }that is in use, it is very likely that yourinitial transmissions will accidentally "walk over" someone elses. So you mustk}eep them short. The word "break" is generally accepted. Try to time it ina pause in the conversation.- Even when your "b}reak" has been recognized, keep your next transmissionshort. For example, "Break one-seven for Godzilla" if you're on Chann}el 17 andlooking for someone whose handle is Godzilla. If Godzilla doesn't answer ina reasonably short amount of time, it }doesn't hurt to say "thanks for the break"to the units that stopped their conversation for you.- If you break on an open (}unused) channel, you don't have to be as brief. Forexample, "Break 17 for Godzilla. Are you out there Godzilla?". However}, theshort form is perfectly acceptable, too. Use what fits your style.- If someone speaking to you gets "walked over" so} that you can't understand themessage, you basically have two options. You can tell the person you werelistening to, "10-9}, you were stepped on", or you can find out what the breakerwants, "Go ahead break", before returning to your original conve}rsation. Youshould eventually recognize the breaker and find out what they want.- If two people are talking and you would} like to interject a response, youwill probably just walk over someone. Use the procedure above to properlybreak into the }conversation.- If someone doesn't answer your breaks after two or three attempts. Stop andwait for several minutes or, in} mobile units, for several highway miles or city blocks. Others may have their radios on and don't want to listen to thesa}me break more than three times in succession.- In other circumstances, improvise. Take into account other people's points}of view. Give people proper access to the channel and try not to do anythingto annoy other units.- If you make a mistake }in any of the procedures above, don't waste air time ona busy channel by apologizing. (If the channel isn't busy, it's your} choice.)Just try to do it right in the future. Everyone takes a little time to learn.OK, now you know how to conduct you}rself on the radio. However, there are andwill probably always be units that don't. Be patient. You don't have auth-orit}y to enforce any rules so don't break any by trying.5 Drive Tests! (08/16/89) Done by: Mark D. Elliott Innovative Concepts (I.C.) Contrary to rumors I heard on} CompuServe, about the XF551 (and XF35 Kit), as being only half as fast as the Happy or Doubler equipped 1050, I decided to d}o a little bench testing myself, just to get an idea of just "how fast" these drives really are. Since I just "happened" to h}ave all the drives below, just laying around, here's what I found: Test#1 Test#2 Test#3 Disk D}rive (Read) (Write) (Format) ----------------- ------ ------- -------- Atari 1050 (SD) 88 100 } 35 Atari 1050 (ED) 84 95 36 Doubler 1050 (SD) } 50 64 22* Doubler 1050 (ED) 47 58 22* Doubler 1050 (DD) 37 44 22* } Happy 1050 (SD) 42(50) 83(63) 23(22*) Happy 1050 (ED) 39(47) 73(58) } 25(22*) Happy 1050 (DD) 35(36) 54(43) 25(22*) Atari XF551 (SD) } 70 75 26 Atari XF551 (ED) 80 85 26 Atari XF551 (DD) 45 50 50* Atar}i XF551 (DSDD) 45 50 50* XF35-XF551 (SD) 85 90 } 67 XF35-XF551 (ED) 80 85 52 XF35-XF551 (DD) 45 50 67* XF35-XF551 (DSDD) } 45 50 130* XF35-XF551 (DSQD) 45 50 130* * = High Speed Skew was available and used} for that set of tests. Density: SD = 90K, ED = 127K, DD = 180K, DSDD = 360K, and DSQD = 720K. Notes: All times above a}re given in seconds, and are accurate to within 1 second. All disks used were foramatted in the SpartaDOS mode. The Happy 105}0 cannot format disks in the U.S Sector Skew (Standard format time given). However, with the help of our Happy Doubler progra}m, the Happy 1050 can be be programmed to fully emulate the U.S. Doubler, including formatting in the U.S. Skew. The times fo}r the Happy Doubler programmed 1050, are shown in parenthesis. For the normal read/write tests on the Happy 1050, a disk form}atted under the Happy Doubler program was used. Skewing was used (where applicable), to show the fastest times, under these t}est conditions. Test Equipment Used: A 576K-130XE with SpartaDOS X (4.20), the Happy Doubler program, standard 1050, Dou}bler 1050, Happy 1050, XF551, and XF35-XF551 drives. Test # 1: Read a file that is 85,750 bytes, copied from the specifi}c drive to a SpartaDOS X RAMdisk. Test # 2: Write a file that is 85,750 bytes, copied from the SpartaDOS X RAMdisk to th}e specified drive. Test # 3: Format a disk, in the specified density. Obviously, the read and write times, for }the XF551 or XF35'ed drive is NOT half thes speed of the Happy or Doubler! In fact, they are pretty darn close! (Don't want t}o mention any names, (like Bob Puff, or Tim Patrick! - ). I would have tested the Super Archver as well this ti}me, but one was not handy at this time. However, tests I performed on it earlier this year, showed it being just a tad slower} than the U.S. Doubler. The only "slow" time I see, is when formatting the 3.5" XF35 drive. But, there is soooo much storage }there (720K), that you will hardly be formatting disks that often, to begin with! Even when backing up hard drives, the amoun}t of disks required would be a real time saver! And, those 3.5" disk are soooo neat! You Never have to worry about finding a }disk sleeve. So, what do all these tests mean? Obviously, this is by NO MEANS as complete as possible! Other factors, su}ch as; DOS used and the size of it'scopy buffer, sector copying, copying small files, and your other peripherals, will have a}n effect on the outcomes. However, these should at least give you an idea, of just how fast these drives are (especially when} compared to a standard 1050, or even an old 810 drive, which is so sloooooow!) Other things to consider - Up until this} year, the price of the 5.25" blank disks were much cheaper to buy than the newer 3.5" disks. Until this year, the 3.5" disks} cost about $1 each. Currently, you can usually find decent bulk 5.25" disks, for about 40 cents or less each. However, since} more and more IBMs nowadays, are sold with the 3.5" drives (in addition to the Atari ST, Amiga, and Macintosh), the price ha}s come down to reasonable levels. Careful shopping can get you the 3.5" disks, for as little as 70 cents (or less) each. As f}ar as using this guide to purchase a new drive or add-on for your system, these are my personal recommendations: 1) For }a casual user, a U.S. Doubler 1050 is fine. 2) For routine disk maintenance and sector copying, 2 - U.S. Doubler 1050s s}hould fill the bill. 3) For a person who wants to back-up thier commercial software, a Happy 1050 will work. Our Happy D}oubler is also highly recommended. 4) For a person that does alot of disk copies, a Happy 1050 (as D1:), and a U.S. Doub}ler 1050 will work great. 5) For someone that wants the ULTIMATE in disk copying, then 3 or 4 Happy 1050s cannot be beat}! 6) For someone that wants a low-cost add-on drive, that offers alot of storage, the XF551 is a great buy! 7) For so}meone that wants the ULTIMATE in storage capability per drive, or for backing up a hard drive, then a XF35-XF551 will do well}. 8) For someone that runs a BBS, a couple of XF35-XF551s should do just fine. 9) For a power-user that wants the m}ost storage and the fastest read/write times, then you should consider a hard drive, as well. Notes: The XF551 or XF35-X}F551 is not recommended to be used as D1: with commercial software, especially protected ones. (because they spin at 300 RPM }compared to 288 for most other drives, among other things) Costs per Drive --------------- Atari 1050 - $179.95 (h}ard to find these days!) U.S. Doubler 1050 - $39.95 + $179.95 for the 1050 = $219.90 Happy 1050 - $149.95 + $179.95 = $329.}90 (Happy board is no longer made!) Atari XF551 - $199.95 (great buy!) XF35-XF551 - $34.95 + $100 (3.5" w/cage) + $179.95 =} $334.90 Note: The above are the suggested retail prices. Carefull shopping can get you an even better deal! So, upon cl}oser look, the XF35-XF551 is not really as expensive (compared to the others), as one might think! And, it offers the MOST st}orage per dollar! Hmmmm, I started out just testing the speeds of the drives, and here I am, writing a review of them! I}t may seem I am a little biased towards our products, however, I am only human! Oh-well..... Features/Conclus}ions -------------------- Atari 1050 - Single or Enhanced Density. Maximum storage = 127K. Well-built and very dependable. }Uses industry standard ICs on it's circuit board (except for ROM), meaning replacement parts are easy to find. However, the d}rive mechanism is NOT a typical IBM type part, and can only be found at Atari-type stores. The 1050 is getting harder and har}der to find these days! Atari 1050 w/U.S. Doubler - Single, Enhanced, or Double Density. Capable of formatting disks in }U.S. Sector Skew, for added speed. Maximum storage = 180K. Easy to install. Excellent capabilities, at a low price. Atar}i 1050 w/Happy - Single, Enhanced, or Double Density. Capable of backing up commercially protected disks. Maximum storage = 1}80K. Easy to install. Getting harder and harder to find! Happy Computers stopped making them awhile back, and the ones they d}o have, were raised in price, back to $149.95! Atari XF551 - Single, Enhanced, Double Density, or Double Sided Double De}nsity. Capable of formatting disks in a special skew (similar to the U.S. Doubler). Maximum storage = 360K. Very easy to serv}ice (if required), since it's circuit board is small an easy to follow. Uses industry standard ICs (except ROM). Also uses an} industry standard drive mechanism (finally!). Atari XF551 w/XF35 Kit - Single, Enhanced, Double, Double Sided Double De}nsity, or Double Sided Quad Density. Capable of formatting disks in the skew also. Maximum storage = 720K. Uses a industry st}andard 3.5" drive mechanism. Copyrights: Atari, 410, XM301, 130XE, 1050, and XF551 are trademarks of Atari Corp. ICD}, P:R Connection, U.S. Doubler, and the U.S. Sector Skew are trademarks of ICD Inc. Happy is a trademark of Happy Computers. }Super Archiver, and Bob Puff , are trademarks of Computer Software Services (C.S.S.). I.C., Happy Doubler, Immitator Co}ntroller, IC1050 Controller, SIO Port Box, SIO Switch Box, and XF35 Kit are trademarks of Innovative Concepts. While I g}ot your attention, I might as well plug some of products that are related to this article: XF35 Kit - Contains Upgrade R}OM and adapting cables, for converting the Atari XF551 to the newer 3.5" - 720K format. (3.5" drive and mounting cage optiona}l). Supports high speed skew, and works in 720K format with; MYDOS, SpartaDOS, and the SpartaDOS X cartridge. Also works with} all other DOSes in lesser formats. Some soldering and desoldering required. Sale Price (until 8/31/89): $29.95 (+ S&H). } Happy Doubler - Allows you to program your Happy 1050 drives to fully emulate ICD's U.S. Doubler, including formatting disks} in the U.S. sector skew (which is not normally possible!). Also allows you to re-program your drive numbers up to D8:, witho}ut touching the switches in back! This way, up to 8 - Happy 1050s can be used at once! (4 - programmed as Doublers 5-8 and an}other 4 - as normal). Completely software based, no installation required! Price: $19.95 (+ S&H). IC1050 Controller - Wr}ite protect module for the Atari 1050 drive (inluding those equipped with the U.S. Doubler, Happy clone, or Super Archiver). }No more notching disks! Has a 3 - position switch for write protect mode; 1) As normal, 2) Do not write, and 3) Will write to} any disk. Also has a two color LED, for monitoring the write protect status. Easy to install, no soldering required. Price: }$29.95 (+ S&H). Immitator Controller - For Genuine Happy 1050 drives; All the features of our IC1050 Controller, plus; A}n extra 2 position switch, for fast/slow modes. Price: $39.95 (+ S&H). SIO Port Box - Solves the problem of "dead end" p}eripherals, like the; 410 Recorder, XM301, and most printer interfaces. Also solves weak signal problems, by allowing you to }distribute your system better. Easy to use, just plug-in! No power required. Price: $34.95 SIO Switch Box - Allows you t}o switch between either; two computers and one peripheral set-up, OR one computer between two peripheral setups (example: two} drives set to D1:). Also solves the problem of using two devices that draw thier power from the computer, like the; XM301, P}:R Connection, and most printer interfaces. Easy to use, just plug-in! No power required. price: $49.95 (+ S&H). For mor}e information on the XF35 Kit, please see the article by Matthew Ratcliff, in the September 1989 issue of Antic. Or, you can }call or write (we have many other products): Innovative Concepts (I.C.) 31172 Shawn Drive Warren, MI 48093 USA Phone: (}313) 293-0730 CompuServe: 76004,1764 Final Note: This article on drives first appeared in the 8-bit section of CompuServe}. It may be freely distributed to BBS's or other informational services, as long as it remains intact and unchanged. v 1050 PARALLEL INTERFACE v1.0D 8-24-86THIS MODIFICATION REQUIRES SOME SOLDERING AND ELECTRONIC SKILLS. ACCESS TOUN-MOD}IFIED SYSTEM COMPONENTS (FOR TESTING), A COPY OF THE 800XL (OR 130XE) OSROM, AN ICD MODIFIED 1050 AND AN EPROM BURNER ARE NE}CESSARY. AS IT EXISTSTODAY, THE MODIFICATION WILL NOT RUN ON AN ICD DRIVE, 810 DRIVE OR 400/800COMPUTERS. PRODUCTION OF 800}XL/130XE MODIFIED SYSTEMS WILL REQUIRE THAT ADIFFERENT METHOD BE DEVISED TO SWITCH OPERATING SYSTEMS (NEWELL RAMROD, ETC.)}Files required:* P1050A 1050 ROM overlay* P1050B 800XL low address overlay* P1050C 800XL high address overlay* P1050D} Custom format program - Basic* P1050E 1050 schematic diagram* P1050F 1200XL schematic diagramParts required:*2 eac}h #276-158 Radio Shack circuit board. This size will fit within thecovers of a 1050 and a 1200XL that have NO shielding. It} will provide enougharea to permit the addition of features that have not yet been finalized (twomore 16pin ICs).*2 each }6520 PIO ICs. I would suggest that you pre-test these chips in your1200XL and then carefully solder them into your circuit }boards instead of usingsockets.*1 each 74HC02 4x2 NOR IC. This is necessary in the 1050 to correct anomission in the add}ressing decoder.*1 set 25 or 50 conductor flat cable and connectors. I used 25 conductor flatcable for my unit and found }there to be quite a bit of cross-talk (signalsleaking from one wire to the other). You have 21 active lines in the interface}- if you want to use long (5 ft. and up) lengths, I would use 50 conductors andconnect every other wire to ground.*5 each } 1/4 watt 2200ohm resistors*3 each 27128 EPROM You have to have access to an EPROM burner to make thisthing work....*3  }each 28 pin IC sockets The socket for the EPROM in the 1050 has to be verylow profile, since the board will plug into U10 a }nd sit underneath the drivemechanism where the room is just adequate.*1 each SPST miniature switch. Two switches, if you  }do not want to use the TVswitch on your 1200XL to change operating systems.*2 each DIP headers. 1-24pin, 1-40pin. these w }ill allow you to plug your newboard into the socket on the Atari circuit board. I have also used flat cableswith headers al}ready mounted on them that allow the board to probed on bothsides during operation. (keep them SHORT! -- like 6 to 10 inches}).*******************************************************1050 INSTALLATION: -------------------------------| S}pace for I/O || connector || yyyy zzzz qq | TOP VIEW| yyyy zzzz} qq || xxxx yyyy zzzz qq | x-header to U10 socket| xxxx yyyy zzzz || xxxx yyyy z}zzz | y-27128 EPROM| xxxx yyyy zzzz || xxxx zzzz | w-74HC02 NOR gate| } ww zzzz qq || ww zzzz qq | z-6520 PIO| ww zzzz qq | -----------}-------------------- q-future expansion | | | | U10 U9 U8 U7 (ICs on Atari 1050 board} below added board) SIDE VIEW| drive mechanism || } ||============================================| wwyy zzzz qq_________________________}______ <--new board T T<-DIP header | | U10 U9 U8 U7_____________________________________________ <--1}050 boardThis is one method of layout for the board. Wire point-to-point with 30 gaugewire-wrap wire according to the sc}hematic P1050E. A trace must be cut on thebottom of the Atari board that runs from the top of JP4 to pin 5 of U12. Theeasie}st (safest) way to do this is to scrape the foil away near JP4 with arazor blade. Don't forget the five resistors and the fi}ve wires that solder tothe foil side of the Atari board (marked with an * on the schematic). Mount theswitch on a clear are}a of the 1050 case or, better yet, leave it hangingoutside the case on it's wiring until I get the software OS switch workin}g...then you won't need the switch.Remove the drive unit and install the new board. Using an Eprom burner, readthe U10 co}de from the Atari ROM into memory starting at $5000. ** the Atari ROMshould be at level K ** Burn this code into location $0}000-$0FFF of the 27128.Then load P1050A to overlay part of the old data and burn this into$1000-$1FFF. Plug in the EPROM an }d re-assemble your 1050. Check that the newboard does not touch the bottom of the drive motor before closing it up.... The2!}5(50) conductor cable goes out the rear of the drive (over the capacitors)thru the seam of the case - you can file a slight "}opening for the cable, if youlike.*****************************************************1200XL INSTALLATION:**** 800XL#} users: run the wire D7SEL to pin 7 of U2. I have not tried to fitthe board inside an 800XL, but it should work once you get$} it hooked up. -----------------------------| Space for I/O || connector || xxxx yyyy%} zzzz ww | TOP VIEW| xxxx yyyy zzzz ww || xxxx yyyy zzzz ww | x-header to U23 socket| xx&}xx yyyy zzzz || xxxx yyyy zzzz | y-6520 PIO from 1200XL| xxxx yyyy zzzz || xxxx '} yyyy zzzz | z-6520 PIO new| xxxx yyyy zzzz qq || xxxx yyyy zzzz qq | w,q-future expan(}sion| xxxx yyyy zzzz qq | ----------------------------- | | | U23 U21 U18 (ICs on the Atar)}i 1200XL below added board)The major project on the 1200XL side is to remove (de-solder) the two 24 pinROM sockets (*}U12 and U13) and replace them with 28 pin sockets. Some 1200's had28 pin sockets installed - and all of them have 28 pin sit+}es for their OS ROMs.Remove the jumpers W6,7,8,and 9 and install (use wire) W11,12 and 13. Run awire from the top (towards ,}the monitor socket) of W6 to the bottom of L14 (tothe right of the cartridge socket). Now , the RF channel selector will sel-}ectwhich Operating System code you will use - the standard code or the modifiedcode. Flip the switch on the drive and the 1.}200XL and it will function exactlylike anunmodified 1050 and 1200XL (running 800XL OS).Build the new board as shown (P105/}0F) and add the wire to pin 7 of U18. Run theflat cable thru the seam near the RF modulator and trim a slot to suit yournee0}ds (CUT my 1200XL!!!! Are you NUTS!!). You need a copy of the 800XL OS thathas been divided in half at $E000 ($C000-$DFFF an1}d $E000-$FFFF) where each halfwill load into memory at $4000. The low half ($C000) should be burned into a27128 at $0000-$12}FFF. Then load P1050B to overlay and burn this into$2000-$3FFF. This EPROM is now U13. U12 is similar - load the $E000 code 3}andburn it into $0000-$1FFFF. Overlay with P1050C and burn this into $2000-$3FFF.This is now U12. Plug everything together 4}- including a SIO cable to the 1050,and you are ALMOST ready......Now you can test the interface with a standard diskette.5} First, try the systemusing SIO. If this does not work, try another drive or 1200XL. If you don'thave access to another dri6}ve or computer, what makes you think you can getthrough this mod? Check your wiring verrrrrryy carefully - have a friend che7}ckit, too. Send me a message and describe the color of the smoke and I'll try tohelp... When you get the SIO portion workin8}g, try the parallel side. One thingto watch out for while in parallel mode is that the CPU and drive are in sync -turning o9}ff the CPU during data transfer may hang the drive and force you topower-on-reset the 1050 also. Once the parallel mode is w:}orking, you need torun P1050D (load with Basic) and format some VHS disks (Very High Speed) onyour ICD modified drive (no I;}CD drive?.... nobody you know will lend you one?Are you the same guy that couldn't borrow another 1200XL?). These VHS (catch<}yname, isn't it?) disks will read and write about 40 sectors per second. Thereare 26 sectors/track with an offset between s=}ectors of 2. This means that thewhole track can be read in three revolutions of the disk.... the whole disk in20 seconds...>}.. Do not format these VHS diskettes or you will lose this specialoffset. You can also opt for an offset of 3 or 4 which wil?}l allow the programmore time to think between reads, but will slow down the I/O. ICD HiSpeed Skewis 6..... Bob Woolley@} [BOBWOOLLEY] 8-24-86 If you know any pirates, tell them that if it weren't for protection, almostall of your disks wA}ould work on this drive...... Thank them for me, too.7Subject: UPGRADE: The Freezer--cold-boot & protect RAMdisk-----------------------------------------------------------C}------------- Reprinted from the A.C.E.C. BBS (614)-471-8559 THE FREEZER ThereD} is one upgrade that can be applied to an Atari XL/XE which is near and dear to my heart.... extra memory (256K). Many progrE}ams that are only OK when run from a disk drive, come alive if you execute them from memory. The PaperClip spelling checkerF} is a good example of this. If you have a 256K machine, the dictionary will load completely into memory and will search a liG}st of words instantly. There are also programs whose capacity is increased tremendously by the 256K upgrade. (PaperClip, a H}word processor, will hold 112,000 characters vs. AtariWriter's 20,000 or so). Great stuff, but..... a few complaints. I}How do you use a ramdisk with a program or DOS that is not written for them?? Also, when you turn off the power to a 256K mJ}emory chip, the data that is stored in it does not disappear in a few hundredths of a second as it did with the older and leK}ss efficient 16K and 64K devices. The operating system, which controls the power on and reset sequences, only checks a few L}bytes of memory to determine if the power was just turned on (the locations would be garbage), or if you had hit the RESET kM}ey (the locations would equal specific values). If, after powering off and then on (in order to re-boot your system), thoseN} bytes have retained their data, the system may branch through a warm (RESET key) start, instead of taking the proper path O}through cold (power on) start. This forces you to allow enough time to elapse after power down for those key addresses to loP}se their data. A repeat of power off/power on isn't going to help unless you wait the required interval (like 10 to 15 secoQ}nds...). This waiting around is very annoying - didn't you get this extra ram to save time?? So?? This is nothing new R}to those of you that have expanded systems. How do we fix it?? Relief arrives as a small hardware modification that alS}lows you to force a cold start and boot the system with the RESET key (which will normally produce a warm start and no bootT}). With this circuit installed, you can re-boot your computer without turning off the power and losing the data in the extenU}ded memory banks. This means that you can install a ramdisk, load it with data and then re-boot the system from the ramdiskV}. Using a menu created for this purpose, programs that do not support a ramdisk - even a game, can be run - if you can forcW}e a coldstart without turning off the power (anyone want to write the menu for this??) Also, you could be operating with a rX}amdisk, boot a different program, run for a while, and then re-boot the original program with the ramdisk memory intact. AnY}d, of course, you don't have to wait for the memory to blank out after you power off. (a warm start is cooled down to a coldZ} start any time you wish..... hence, the FREEZER.) This is accomplished by making the computer think that you have cha[}nged the status of the cartridge, either removed one that you were using, or plugged one in where you had not had one befor\}e. During reset, the operating system checks the cartridge status since the last power on. If it sees that the status has c]}hanged, it executes a cold start and re-boots the computer. This upgrade allows you to change that status when you press the^} FREEZER switch (the one you will add). This means that if you hold the FREEZER switch down, push RESET (and OPTION, if you_} don't want BASIC), and wait until the screen goes black(off), you will get a cold start. If you hold the FREEZER switch dow`}n too long and the screen restarts before you release it, you can just push RESET alone to cold start. Accidently hitting ta}he FREEZER switch while you are running will lock your computer, but as long as it is not active when you RESET, it will notb} FORCE a cold start. You may get one anyway if your program is designed to produce one, so mount the switch in a protected c}spot. A little practice will get you a cold start every time. Installation requires some soldering and cutting, so dond}'t try this if you haven't had experience. You will need a 74HC86 IC, a small push button switch and a 1/4 watt resistor bee}tween 1K and 30K. Take your 1200XL, 800XL or 130XE apart and locate the GTIA chip. (1200XL=U19:800XL=U17:130XE=U17) You needf} to isolate pin 11 of the GTIA from the rest of the circuit by cutting the wiring on the printed circuit board. The 130XE rg}equires two cuts and an added wire since the pin is between two points that you would like to keep connected. The normal cih}rcuit is: pin 14 (RD5) of cartridge - pin 8 of MMU - resistor to ground - pin 11 of GTIA. In that example, you could cut thei} wiring to pin 11 and not remove any of the connection points from the circuit except pin 11. In the 130XE, pin 11 is betwej}en the cartridge and the MMU, so you have to restore the wiring from cart. to MMU after cutting out the pin. 1200XL: cut tk}he trace on top of the board just to the left of Q4. MMU is U14. 800XL: cut the trace just below pin 11 on the GTIA chip (Ul}17). MMU is U3 130XE: cut the trace on top of the board just below pin 11 of the GTIA chip (U17). Also cut the trace on thm}e bottom of the board right next to pin 20 of U17. Add a wire from the pad near the last cut you made (near pin 20 of the Gn}TIA chip) to pin 8 of the MMU chip (U3). This added wire restores the circuit between the cartridge and the MMU. All machio}nes: the added circuit is 1/4 of a 74HC86, which is an exclusive-or circuit. Wire pins 4,5,7,9,10,12, and 13 to ground. Connp}ect pin 14 to +5v. Pin 1 goes to pin 8 of the MMU and pin 3 to pin 11 of GTIA. Connect a 1/4 watt resistor (1K-30K) from piq}n 2 to ground. Finally, mount the push button (normally open) switch on a clear area of your case and wire one side to +5v r}and the other to pin 2 of the '86. That is all that's needed. If you want to restore your machine to normal, solder a wire s}between pin 11 of GTIA and pin 8 of the MMU and remove the added IC and switch. Well, it looks like it will take you t}longer to read this whole thing than it will take to build it. Just take your time and ASK FOR HELP if you aren't sure!! u} Yep!! May be a good idea to install MORRAM and FREEZER at the same time and on the same board. (takes two ICs - maybev} you should leave a little extra space for.......?) Bob Woolley 75126,3446------------------------w}------------------------------------------------Craig Lisowski (clisowsk@mcs.kent.edu) Y STABILIZING XL/XE COMPUTERS WITH PBI DEVICES ============================================ "y} By: Robert Puff 12/11/95 After having dealt with it seems thousands of Atari 8-bit computersthat have"z} come into my shop for repair, one gets to recognize somecommon ills, with the appropriate solutions. Recently, I have seen"{} anumber of computers that, by them selves, work fine; yet once they areconnected to a Black Box, or large memory upgrade i"|}nstalled, suddenlythey become flaky. Random crashes, bad bytes on the screen, andcharacters that have randomly changing pi"}}xels in them are some of thesymptoms of this flakiness. I think I've finally uncovered a solution that seems to work on "~}justabout every case. This solution is presented here, in hopes that thiscan help fix some 'field' problems, and give rock"}-stable performance. Note that none of the modifications below will interfere with otherperipherals, or cause any incompati"}bility. Even if you are not using aPBI device, they can help. This text file assumes the user is skilled with a solderi"}ng iron,and know how to identify and number the pins on an integrated circuitchip. If you are unfamiliar, let someone else"} do these mods for you! Computer Software Services will perform the mods listed below for $25plus shipping, if you so desir"}e. Call (716) 429-5639 for information. Although the 8-bits run at a very slow speed compared to today'smachines, the b"}us timing is very critical. It seems that thisflakiness is directly attributed to very small timing problems. WhileI can'"}t say that I know 100% of what is going on, I'll try to explainwhat and where the problem is. "}MODIFICATION #1 --------------- The 02 (phase two) clock signal that comes out of the compute"}rthrough the cartridge (and PBI) port(s) is buffered from the signalcoming directly from the CPU. This buffering adds a sm"}all butmeasurable delay. By the time the signal gets out of the computer andon to your PBI devices, there is more inductan"}ce and parasiticcapacitance to further delay this signal. When the delay gets too muchout of hand, WRITES to the PBI devic"}e get corrupted, because the databus is no longer valid on the trailing edge of 02. I used to swap outthe 6502, which woul"}d generally fix the problem. However, I found asolution that would work with ALL processors: add in the phase 0 clockinput"} (that goes into the 6502's clock circuit) into the 02 buffergate. the phase 0 signal is the same as the phase 2, only back"}wards intime slightly. It so happens that the 02 buffer gate is an AND gate,and has an unused input. Tying this unused in"}put to the phase 0 signalends up bringing the high-to-low transition back in time, giving us alittle more grace for the ext"}ra delays that will happen in the outsideworld. >> ON 600XL/800XL COMPUTERS: Solder a wire from pin 4 of the 74L"}S08 to pin 13 of this same chip. ON 65XE/130XE COMPUTERS: Solder a wire from pin 2 of the 74LS08 to pin 4 of t"}his same chip. MODIFICATION #2 --------------- This modificati"}on deals with a timing problem with the OS ROM. Itseems that especially with multiple EPROM OSes, the output buffers ofthe"} ROM chip stay on even into the start of the next cycle. Thiscauses RAM corruption, easily seen by bad bytes randomly appea"}ring onthe screen. This fix isn't as simple as the first one. We need toconnect our newly-fixed buffered 02 signal (from "}Mod #1) into the(inverted) output enable line of the OS ROM. While one might think youcould simply gate the chip select li"}ne with 02, better results seem tobe had when you drive the ROM's chip select with the normal signal(coming from the PAL), "}and send the inverted buffered 02 signal to theoutput enable, which responds faster than the chip select pin. >> ON 600"}XL/800XL COMPUTERS: Solder a wire from pin 6 of the74LS08 to pin 5 of the 74LS14 chip. (We're going to use the one unusedg"}ate in the '14 inverter chip.) The easiest way to finish this is toeither desolder or cut pin 22 of the OS ROM, and bend th"}e little stubup, so it is not making contact with anything. Solder a wire from pin6 of the 74LS14 to this pin 22 of the RO"}M. If you have an UltraSpeed +OS or some other sort of OS package and you can't lift this pin, you'llneed to: 1. C"}ut the trace on the bottom side of the PCB tying pins 20 and 22 together. 2. Cut the trace that runs from pi"}n 16 of the PAL (CO61618) to pin 22 of the OS ROM. 3. Run a wire from pin 16 of the PAL to pin 20 of the OS "}ROM. 4. Now run the wire from pin 6 of the 74LS14 to pin 22 of the OS ROM. >> ON 65XE/130XE COMPUTERS: "}You will need to add a 74LS14 chip. Follow these steps: 1. Bend up all the pins of your new 74LS14 except 3, 7"}, and 14. 2. Stack this chip over the 74LS08 IC (oriented the same way), and solder pins 3, 7, and 14 of the"} two chips. 3. As in the XL instructions, there are now two options: lift pin 22 of the OS ROM, or cut trace"}s. If you can just lift the pin on the ROM, then solder a wire from this lifted pin to pin 4 of your 74L"}S14. You're done! 4. Ok, so you want to do it the hard way! Actually, it's not that bad. Look at the bot"}tom of the PCB. You'll see a trace that comes from the PAL, and goes to both pins 20 and 22. Carefull"}y cut the small trace that goes to pin 22, leaving intact the one going to pin 20. 5. Now solder a wire from"} pin 4 of your 74LS14 to pin 22 of the ROM. MODIFICATION #3 "} --------------- This is actually a Black Box modification. Again, due to varyingphase two clock signals, a timing "}circuit on the Black Box MAY need tobe modified. The D1FF latch uses a R/C delay to insure the latchingoccurs while the bu"}s is valid. A late 02 signal can skew this delay,causing the latch to grab random values at times. The fix is simple. "} First, locate the resistor and capacitor combothat is just below the BB's SCSI port. Look at the color bands of theresist"}or. It should be brown-black-brown. Now look on the bottom sideof the BB, and see if there is another resistor soldered in"} the sameplace. If so, then no modification is needed. If you see no resistoron the bottom IN THAT LOCATION, then solder "}a 220 ohm (red-red-brown)resistor across the two resistor pads. Bp0TP If you read my earlier article in DL7 about the XEP80, you might remember that the XEP80 &}uses all of the display field of the monitor and the two cheap composite monitors that I had tried did no&}t give a very satisfactory display. I have been using a high quality video unit from a NorthStar Horizon &}that works very well, but a monitor like that would be very difficult for the average user to find (not to &} mention, expensive). I spent some time at the West Coast Computer Faire looking for some reasonable candidates, b&}ut none of the vendors had composite monochrome monitors on display! There were lots of monochrome displa&}ys with seven zillion lines of resolution, a built in swivel base, non-glare screens - the works. Good pr&}ices, too! But every one was TTL, IBM. Wellll......... Never being one to shy away from a little so&}ldering, I decided to investigate the possibility of adapting the XEP80 to an IBM monochrome monitor. The&} IBM TTL monitors have a separate input for the sync and video signals, whereas the XEP80 generates a com&}posite signal containing all three components. I figured that a little circuit to strip the Horizontal an&}d Vertical sync from the Video couldn't be that hard, but it turns out that the XEP80 has all the signals you &} need inside the box! The whole project didn't amount to anything more than soldering one end of a 10" piece of&} four conductor ribbon cable onto the XEP80 board and connecting a 9 pin joystick socket to the other end&}. I tried the XEP80 on a standard IBM monochrome monitor and it worked fine! I also tried it on some OEM &}TTL monitors made for an IBM PC (an AMDEK 310A and a SAMSUNG MD1254G) and that also worked well - after a&} little pot tweaking (a LOT of tweaking on the SAMSUNG). The XEP80 uses a lower Horizontal frequency than &} the IBM PC, so some OEM monitors may require adjustment, but not so much that you need to re-adjust it between a P&}C and your Atari. The display field on the TTL units does not overscan the face of the tube so there is n&}o adjustment required for that problem. Also, the linearity is very good on these guys, so all the charac&}ters look great! The major disadvantage to a TTL monitor is the absence of audio on them, although I pref&}er a separate audio amplifier anyway. [Enough babbling, I waannnt one! How do I do the mod, dummy??] &} The wiring required is: (from the bottom of the XEP80 board) Pin 1 and 2 of 9 pin socket to pin 7 of U6.&} Pin 7 of 9 pin socket to the pad 1/4 inch to the left of pin 8 of U6. (This pad is the same distance to t&}he LEFT of pin 8 as pin 7 is to the RIGHT of pin 8.) Pin 8 of 9 pin socket to pin 9 of U6.&} Pin 9 of 9 pin socket to pin 10 of U6. I ran the flat cable out where the power switch is mounted. &} The bottom cover will clamp the cable between the board and the bottom cover at this point and provide some st&}rain relief. I would imagine that you could use a much longer cable, but at some point you will begin to &}lose character resolution. Now, you can take advantage of any good deals you might see on&} a quality IBM monitor. I saw many different TTL units for less than $100 at the WCCF. Most of them looked like muc&}h better devices than any composite monitor I have seen and( they are everywhere. If you are reasonably ad&}ept at soldering, or know someone who is, think about using one of these TTL monitors on your XEP80. The &}normal composite output is not affected by the modification at all. Now, if I can hack an IBM keyboard on&}to this thing..... Bob Woolley [75126,3446]$`