AUTHOR'S PREFACE Crawford et al. Serialized in BYTE magazine, late 1981 to mid 1982. Earlier editions have some errata, so make sure you obtain the latest edition. (*O) Operating System User's Manual and (*H) Hardware Manual. The famous "technical manuals" pair. Indispensable for serious users, albeit heavy going and not generally very professional in their presentation of material. (*8) 850 Interface Module Operator's Manual. The 850 manual gives many examples in BASIC of how to use the RS232 serial interface ports for both printer control and telecommunications. A very good terminal program called Jonesterm, in BASIC with machine language subroutines, is in the public domain and is available on many electronic bulletin board systems, including CompuServe. Modem users will find many useful programs available in CompuServe. (*L) Operating Systems Listing and (*U) Disk Utilities Listings are the commented, copyrighted source code listings for the OS and the DUP.SYS portion of DOS. (*B) Atari BASIC Reference Manual. (*S) Disk Operating System II Reference Manual. (*A) Atari Microsoft BA SIO Instruction Manual. Microsoft BASIC makes excellent use of PEEKs and POKEs to accomplish many tasks. It also has many powerful commands not available in the 8K BASIC. MAGAZINES ANTIC Magazine had an extensive memory map, written by James Capparell, which continued over a number of issues. When it was used as a source, I labelled these references with (AM). It has a few minor errata in it. I found a number of other magazine articles useful, particularly those in COMPUTE! and Creative Computing. I also found Softside, BYTE, ANALOG and Micro magazines to be useful in the preparation of this book. These are all referred to throughout the book by month or issue. We owe a vote of thanks to the folks at Atari who published the technical manuals and the source listings of the operating system and the DOS. We owe another vote of thanks to Bill Wilkinson, of Optimized Systems Software Inc., who created the DUP portion of DOS and decided to publish the source code in his Inside Atari DOS. No other computer manufacturer has, to my knowledge, ever provided users with such in-depth material or the details of its own operating systems. Without it, none of this would have been possible: a lot of the information here was gleaned from those sources. This book is arranged in four sections: a numerical listing of the main