./K?\?泝切奅尺毢乃九了二太飣儿入八几刀少椋D麓TAR埩硪@"(((P(x( ( ( ( (@(h(((( @e -AP6@<2@@@ b2e$b%2A @@9-@A= _2b$;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,;@@,g +'0@@9@@dKB7t@d]AR@g BaAR@'-@@"D(PRESS 衲轄 TO GO ON....aF:B2y,@@ ! (} (AR!$'b #B@8@@K:J@@\@@9b(}'#-@@!"(# $'()@"@(%D:INTRO%'!! @I)!@QB )'2@2&@HBBBt'[ #B !-@@g'(}*(-(0(4"8(;(O-@@S"W([ ~'7(-@@""(& 0 @ 4 7%'W (}#B 56-P:@g$H:,,%@C-@S"W 'W (}#B 56-P:@g$H:,,%@C-@S"W ',( ( (((((((WORD: ,'6-@B:,267<,.>:@:7<,,&A(,6 '4QUIT%' 4(CORRECT @'2 0$(NO, CORRECT ANSWER IS:((2 @( @  B<((AR@#B %(}((F(i%6-P:@g$H:,,%@G6-P:@g$H:,,%@i6-P:@g$H:,,%@P(")")"BZ(%-@!"% d( 6.6.6.#B n(%-@!"% x( 6.6.6.#B (%-@!"% (;%6-P:@$H:,,%@; B`%+@0$,(6( ('( 1+(/(3(6(('(( 2( ($('(('(( 3( ($('(( B(6( ('( 1+(/(3(6(('(( 2( ($('(('(( 3( ($('(( B(6( ('( 1+(/(3(6(('(( 2( ($('(('(( 3( ($('(( B(c-@@" @@@@K:c(TYPE THE NUMBER OF YOUR CHOICE()@"@%(!! @I)!@QB(b&@H @G-@+@$+&@H,,%+&@P,X( 貥玴蠍珈藷b B)k&@H" @=-@+@$,%+&@,I(譁眣鷗]-@Aa k B)kk馨譎奻恔砣,,This section can be presented in,three different formats:,,1. LESSON -- The 67 words and )eetheir definitions will be pre-,sented in alphabetical order.,,2. FILL-IN-THE-BLANK-QUIZ -- The)YYdefinition will be given. You,supply the word.,,3. MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUIZ -- A word)``and three possible definitions will,be given. You decide which defi-,nition is correct.,,)DDDecide which format you want. Type,the number of your choice.)kk蹈倢卍轂奻扃倷珌畛,Prewritten programs for a computer,system to solve a particular type,of problem.")SSThese problems may be business;,mathematical; game; or educational,in nature.,)^^輾蟹,A seven-bit code used to change,letters or numbers or symbols,into binary numbers.6)OOThe letters stand for American,Standard Code for Information,Interchange.@)dd薺恔砣,A number system with a base 2 that,uses only two digits to repre-,sent values: 0 and 1.J)RROther common number systems are,base 16 (hexadecimal) and base 10,(decimal).T)\\薺,The smallest unit of code. The,digit 1 or the digit 0 in an elec-,tronic circuit.^)22The term comes from the words,BInary digiT.,h)DD蟠珆,The process of placing a copy of,DOS in computer memory.,r)IIThe term comes from the straps of,a boot used to pull on the boot.,|)88謬ぢ籤,An area in memory to hold a block,of data.,)SSThe flow of data is usually slowed,down or speeded up on purpose in a,buffer.)..謬,Any mistake in a computer program.,,)SSBugs may be made in the typing of,the program or in the program logic,itself.)33蹙埧,The unit usually made up of eight,bits.,)eeOne byte represents one character,on the computer keyboard or a,command to the computer memory.)bb藪,The use of computers in teaching;,helping students learn or practice,or increase skills.)99The letters stand for Computer-,Aided Instruction.,)II藪,The use of computers to discover,new ways of solving problems.,)66The letters stand for Computer-,Aided Learning.,)gg藪眕疶饒,A plastic case that holds a mag-,netic tape or disk to store data,or computer programs.)aaLanguages and prewritten programs,often come in cartridges for use,with the Atari computer.)UU藪衶籥埧埡陓,A strip of magnetic material to,store computer programs or data.,)ffAn Atari cassette recorder is,required to use cassette tape to,store and retrieve programs/data.*SS蠍奾,A tiny piece of silicon on which,are imprinted many electrical,circuits.*aaSilicon is the element that sand,is made of. The chip is the very,essence of the computer.*MM襖,The use of computers in a large,educational setting. Several rooms*((are hooked up to a large computer.&*kkThe main computer keeps track of,student progress--provides lessons--,& performs administrative work.0*ff譁迋蹉,An instruction word that tells the,computer to do something with a,program or with data.:*HHExamples of BASIC commands are:,RUN PRINT DATA GOTO SAVE,LOAD.D*YY譁迖轂匟旼,Capable of working together with,two or more different computer,systems.N*jjPrograms written for an Atari com-,puter do not work on other compu-,ters. They are not compatible.X*kk譜,The part of the system that pro-,cesses information & calculates,& moves data to and from memory.b*eeThe letters stand for Central,Processing Unit. It has 2 main,units: the ALU and Control Unit.l*nn證輾,An occurence when a diskette has,a physical defect or when the data,on a diskette becomes garbled.v*ZZDiskette problems are called hard,crashes and data problems are,called soft crashes.*HH證,A video screen used with the com-,puter. (also see Monitor).,*VVThe letters stand for Cathode-,Ray Tube. A CRT may be used for,input or output.*hh譏眑玾,The symbol on the video screen that,shows where the next character to,be typed will appear.*IIThe cursor on the Atari computer,is a small white square of light.,*cc鐘孖棜觕齬倷妅埧,A device consisting of rotating,spokes which contain embossed,characters.*bbA small hammer hits each spoke,against the ribbon to print the,desired letters on the paper.*]]鐘埡臏恂,A collection of information that,is stored on devices such as tapes,or disks.*QQThis information can be accessed,by independent computer systems,for a fee.*ll鐘埡臏蚥,A collection of related data stored,in a computer system to serve more,than one application.*bbCommon data bases are lists of,names and addresses; inventory,lists; and financial accounts.*\\鐘埡倷狪籣蚕恉,Taking data that has been input and,using it to produce information in*""other forms such as reports.*RRAny change; processing; or manipu-,lation of data is called data,processing.*NN霰謬Я妅,The process of finding and eliminat-,ing errors in a program.,*ffThis is sometimes more difficult and,time-consuming than writing the,program in the first place.+__馨蚎,A flat circular device that can,store data or computer programs for,later retrieval. +ffA disk is plastic which has been,coated with an oxide material and,placed in a protective cover.+YY馨蚎黨屼,A peripheral device that loads data,or programs stored on a disk. Or it+''saves data or programs to a disk. +jjA disk drive consists of a spindle,on which the disk rides and spins,to allow access to stored data.*+YY鰍譏芶拏轂奻,The detailed instructions and facts,about a program. These may be in++%%the program itself or separate.4+TTAn excellent program is of no value,without equally excellent documen-,tation.>+SS鰍,A special computer program that,controls all the disk-related,activities.H+jjThe letters stand for Disk Operating,System. The Atari can use,many versions of DOS including CP/M.R+gg鰍埻芩婞屻倷妅埧,A device that forms characters by a,series of small dots made by sets,of pins.\+hhThese pins hit the ribbon against,the paper in predetermined patterns,to make letters and symbols.f+cc齣迖,To transfer the contents of the,computer memory or the screen to,another storage device.p+eeIf you save a computer program or,data to disk--this is DUMPing or,SAVING your program to disk.z+TTづ旼,A collection of records that are,all saved under a single name on,a disk.+ffEach file on a disk has a name,called a filename. Atari file-,names are up to 8+3 letters long.+\\と瓬蠍轄,A graphic outline depicting the,detailed steps in the solution,of a problem.+bbMost programmers use a flowchart,or a pseudocode to plan their,programs before writing them.+mmに眝轂,The way to organize data on a,diskette. Also the way to organ-,ize words after being processed.+RRAll new diskettes must be format-,ted before using. This is done,using DOS.+mmбж,If the data which is entered into,the computer is not valid--the,data received is not trustworthy.+66The letters stand for Garbage In--,Garbage Out.,+ggй蹈卍,Any non-text design or graph or,picture or diagram that is,displayed on screen or paper.+jjThe Atari has excellent graphics,using special graphics characters,keys and player-missile graphics.+==轄譁倧,A printout; the paper output from,a printer.,+hhAlthough paper is not hard--this,information can be saved unlike,screen output which is soft copy.+ll轄儷轄,Any computer equipment such as the,keyboard or screen or cassette,recorder or printer or etc.+VVThis is opposed to software which,is the computer programs used on,the hardware.,cc臢謐鷗奼賻,A number system with a base 16,using 16 symbols: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7,8 9 A B C D E F,``Assembly languages use "hex" which,is easily converted to binary,used in machine language.,]]囟們纖攫攽恉桷Э,A programming language far remov-,ed from the internal characteris-,tics of the machine.$,[[Some common high-level languages,are BASIC Pascal LOGO PILOT,ADA COBOL RPG etc..,RR妅尕匢旻睋埩玴,To set up beginning data values,and clear memory area for use/,$$during execution of a program.8,llA complex program takes a while to,initialize and should let you know,with some message on the screen.B,XX妅俷,The information or data or program,that is loaded into the computer's,memoryL,IIAlso the process of putting,information into the computer's,memory.V,SS妅埧痄謄,A device that lets a computer work,with a peripheral; a place whereW,((data meets & acts with other data.`,bbThe Atari 850 interface allows a,modem and/or a printer to be con-,nected with the computer.j,CC,Stands for 1000 times; used when,referring to memory size.,t,mmThe letter stands for kilo-. Ac-,tually a kilobit is 1024 bits and,16K is 16384 bytes of memory space.~,bb芩妅の趨,A large computer system that can,handle many jobs at once and at,very fast speeds.,TTThe Atari and other home computers,are not mainframe but are mini-,processors.,hh芶挍,A list of options available in a,computer program or a list of files,available on a diskette.,ggGenerally the more complicated the,program the more menus you will,find to direct you through it.,ii迍霰,A device which converts digital to/,from analog signals to relay data,across telephone lines.,GGThe terms come from a modem's true,name: MOdulator-DEModulator.,,;;迍恌婘,The screen on your computer. (Also,see CRT),,iiAfter several minutes without a key,touched--the Atari changes colors,on the monitor to protect it.,__恔,A code meaning that the data sent or,ready to be sent to a device,has an error in it.,00The letters mean: Negative AcKnow-,ledge.,,bb恓婟玾,Several computer systems connected,to a central computer & a central,supply of data.,ggAtaris are being networked in many,schools across the country to make,use of limited peripherals.,ff玴們妅轡玅ぉ旻恓,Describes whether or not a peripher-,al is currently connected to the,computer.-iiFor example a printer is off-line,when set to manually feed paper,instead of using program control. -__玿籤轂妅袃衲攪,A collection of programs that allows,a computer to supervise fundamental -&&operations like saving programs.-bbThe Atari operating system is con-,tained inside the computer on what,is called a ROM board.-PP玸婕梊,Information that is produced as a,result of processing input data.,(-<<Common output devices are the TV,screen or a printer.,2-kk陓疶倞籤賻,Extra equipment such as tape re-,corder or printers that are con-,nected to the computer.<-UUThe Atari supports many peripher-,als including a touch tablet and,a light pen.F-ff倅媗,A small point of light on the,computer screen. Displays are,made by lighting these pointsP-jjThe Atari computer has different,graphics modes to light different,amounts of pixels with a command.Z-gg倷妅埧,An output device that prints the,output on paper under the control,of a computer program.d-^^There are many kinds of printers,including dot-matrix; daisy-wheel;,thermal and ink jet.n-ii倷珌畛,A series of instructions which,directs the computer what to do,to produce a desired output.x-eePrograms may be very short or,very complicated. They may be,written in a variety of languages.-bb倷玵俶,A symbol or message from the com-,puter to indicate when it is ready,to accept input.-iiA prompt should describe or limit,the input. An example would be:,Type your name and press RETURN.-XX畛,The computer's temporary memory,that can be written into and can,be read from.-eeThe letters stand for Random,Access Memory. Data in RAM dis-,appears when power is turned off.-VV疻衃枎埩玴,The amount of detail in a dia-,gram or design on the computer,screen.-ddThe Atari has several different,modes of graphics--each with a,different degree of resolution.-UU眐,The computer's permanent memory,that can be read from but not,written into.-ccThe letters stand for Read Only,Memory. Data in ROM does not,leave when power is turned off.-mm衃ば袬疻,Prewritten programs for a com-,puter; usually refers to programs,stored on devices like disks.-OOMany companies exist exclusiv-,ly to produce software for,home computers.-gg衄齬蠍袃拏籣巟籤,A device allowing the computer to,make sounds combined to form spo-,ken words.-kkSpeech synthesizers are also avail-,able for the Atari in software,format rather than as peripherals.-kk衲疶恉,Any data made up of a series of,letters or numbers or symbols., ..llThe concept of a string is neces-,sary to understand only if you are,intending to become a programmer..SS袀觴玸埩恓,A group of instructions which are,used a number of times in a pro-.%%gram & can be called as needed..iiCommon subroutines may be ones to,alphabetize; play a song; print,instructions; draw some graphics..RR袃衲攪,The actual computer hardware which,consists of the CPU; operator con-.''sole; I/O devices; & peripherals.".llThe necessary system requirements,on the Atari are the keyboard and,a screen. Others are peripherals.,.UU豜痁倷狪籣蚕恉,The ability of a computer to allow,the user to store or move or-.$$change words without retyping.6.``This is the 2nd most common use of,a computer. The most common use,is in data processing. D:DICTION