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Some BASIC programs m j}ay contain instructions in their program listings. LIST to read. -To view DOCumentation files one page at a time, k} press [START], [Return], or the Joystick Trigger to display the highlighted DOC file. Pressing the [Esc] key cau l}ses a return to MENU. -To print out a hard-copy of any DOCumentation file, [Q]uit the MENU, boot DOS, and then from m} DOS, use the (C)Copy command: D:Filename.DOC,P: -To use this great MENU program on your own disks, simply n} copy the file "AUTORUN.SYS". D:Filename.DOC,P: -To use this great MENU program on your own disks, simply !  өj` B V`B DEKAJ V0˭1̠iˠ ˩TU  T Up}  T U T UL̄ˠ L`HI B V`ChcK-sCaChVersion 5.9By Robert E. Chicq}k(c)1987 by CHICKSOFTS:J(KB:P; B VD6EHIB V} r6LKKr}=LJL( (LJL JPJ HH80J1J8JJJJ8JJJJ}K"M#s}MM M  & ! 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K.-KȢJ-K-KKp BKHI-DKE VLR4-K,}-KKL2LKM-KH KH>L0L2L20@ T+pJDJE8JJHKJI B V0 L+ 70 LL5}H L+h ; r6 f4 "J`BL BLVpBLCLH@ #hK hhhL"-K:&ȹ-K:KiK-K-KʈhI-K f4}BL-DKEKHICLJBLV8JJJWI  q4LR4J  ^5LR4JKM-KH K}H f4LR4MI L\4BLDE8J冝HJ凝IB V`BLHmJJImJKJeJKeK f+JK8}JK Ɗ`J  UT DڭLL 6`JЭJјLL 50 @"a{8JK@L 6LL }50@a{8JK LB6J`6HI B V䬾6`E:L6Lԅ ؠH),L0 r6L6 ,h0}`LH2ҢҠhL)?<L)@`I@`Ly,P a{)ɀ`$J  #}-K-K -K-K +(Lh 7phDIEHIJB V; 7 l: ; r6ՠI  6LZ:LLdnLeoL}LL $80?+K r6 $803L $80) r6LL. r6L7  $8ƌL7p B VpC`H r6h r6 $80 r6L8pHIBL}VR} r6 ]7 :nLoLmLLL : 68a)_݋8L9ʊ 8H8H`+*-=RLUF128 8888b99999}:::Y::8888 :mLL8 :mLL mLnLoLL]8 :mL8L8 :mLiLުL8hIDL) , DL} CL.ʎlLDL`pBlLHIDDLELVL68 l: J  4" l:J  9DL ! C9Lx: : :L]8` 9#L9 9$L9 }l:J @ #K+ 9lL,DLȽ-KDLKlLDL : L9 :L9 l:J  4" : 9L9iIL68pBLJ} 9 C90E  ^50=lLMDLHʈlL H} r6R hLT r6Lr6; 7 l: ; r6ՠI  6 :L9 I`} l:RUTCJ iILr6>L8^`tKgK>LM sKm>L>LhK>LJ J M̠ MJ`?L}J MȌJm>L>L M?L`wK mwKMiiiJwK {$wKȩ M>LJ>LhK?LL"; M}L<;` M`; h;;;; ;L6ʊ <  ? ?  >URT'}@ A A  >URT0B !C D  >URTOD HE AF  >URTaF \G UH  >L} > 6`hh} r6RLh| ĠӠ || Back up 512 Bytes || BOTTOM o}f Text File || CHANGE Found Word || DELETE to Left || ERASE to Right || FIND Word }|| GLOBAL Search/Replace|| INSERT/Overwrite Mode|| KILL Erase Buffer || LOAD File into Memory|| Disk }MENU || Toggle Keyboard NOISE|| Toggle False Spaces || PRINT Text || HELP menus } || QUIT to DOS || RESTORE Erased Text |}| SAVE File || TOP of Screen or Text || UNUSED Memory || Count WORDS in Text || }eXchange Letter Positns|| Move forward 1 Screen || Set TAB Width || Shift Paragraph Move || Shift} Word Move || CTRL Sentence Move || CTRL Character Move || (c) 1987 || } By ChickSoft Inc. || ԠӠ(Inv Video) ||(Sel) L}EFT Margin Set ||(Sel) RIGHT Margin Set ||(Sel) TOP Margin Set ||(Sel) BOTTOM Margin Set ||(Sel) PAGE L}ength Set ||(Sel) Print Page NUMBER ||(Sel) Define HEADER ||(Sel) Define FOOTER ||(Sel) MARGIN Lef}t Release ||(Sel) Margin Right Text ||(Sel) CENTER Text Line ||(Sel) WAIT for Page Insert||(Sel) Set Line SPACIN}G ||(Sel) Define Comment ||(Sel) Force NEXT Page |}|(Sel) GOTO Linked File ||(Sel) JUSTIFICATION Toggle ||(Sel) Define Columns ACROSS||(Sel) Starting Page Numbe}r ||(Sel) Print start with # ||(Sel) ESC CHR$(27) ||(Sel) Double Width CHR$(14)||(Sel) Double Off CHR$(15)} ||(Sel) Elite ON CHR$(77) ||(Sel) Pica ON CHR$(19) ||(Sel) Condensed ON CHR$(20)||(Sel) Bold ON CHR$(69) } ||(Sel) Bold OFF CHR$(70) ||(Sel) Underli ON CHR$(15) ||(Sel) Underli OFF CHR$(14)|}|(Sel) Underline Toggle ||(Sel) Indent AMOUNT ||(Sel) InDENT Toggle } || ΠӠ ||  Reduce Screen Width ||  Increase Screen Width || Erase All Text } || Define Search Word || GLOBAL Srch/Rpl Define || Define CHANGE Text || Change BACKGROUND colo}r || Change TEXT Luminance || Text/Program Mode Toggle|| SELECT + ANY KEY = INV VID || } || Press key to exit HELP |ChickScratch Txt Characters=>ChickScratchFree Mem}ory=>TxtPgmBuffer ClearedBuffer FullDelete (S,W,P): OK? (Y/N)ERASE ALL TEXTErase (S,W,P): to exitSave (Filename)}>No ErrorsLoad (Filename)>D1:*.*Memory FullNo text in bufferInsert Mode Active Print (Dev:Filename)>Printing...Inser}t next sheet, Press Find>Exit to DOSNot foundChange to>Delete File箮Number of TAB Spaces? (1-255)>}̭elete ock nlock ename ormat ̭oad Drive [ ]:Rename to>Format diskText Words=>.BAK Exists ver}write/ackupReplacing=> Done HH U ɟ IDɲ ͅΩ3 ҥ Ș"}͑Ș/ͩM(hhh@αˍȘ/L_ ) ((ۭ}(L_͑Ș/ͩM(hhh@αˍȘ/L_ ) ((ۭ()a,x,ADFERRHLOBYTBYTEBYTESECOUN@} ChickScratch Customizerfor version 5.2 or later(26 +}(}6;@,9@!,;@@,<(-@@!"$68,-( F66202,4,0,0,40,0,0,5,75,66,5,58,1,1,1,0,}1,0,80,5,1P7-@1(ChickScratch Customizer4(7(ZU,($This BASIC program will allow you toU($Customize y}our copy of ChickScratch.dq%(Do not customize the originalI(copy but make a second copy andq(#Use the second copy fo}r customizingnp"(This program will look forE(ChickScratch on the Disk underp(&the filename D:CS.OBJ And will rewrite}x?(the file as D:CS.MOD("(?(Press to continue.@.@@K:$)@}$AUA@ A#^ (} (((6(The following parameters may be^(#changed by pressing the highlight}ed(Number.A(( Text Color*( Screen ColorA( Upper/Lower CaseI( Insert/Overwrite Mode2( Scree}n WidthI( Print Parameters0( Keyboard Noise0( Text/Program Mode( EXIT.(!(Enter your Selection:}.)@# @I)!@W# A`6-&@HOOA`A0AApA @A@A"`}A'A0TEXT COLOR. (} ((.(ԠԠԠO(*(To set TEXT LUMINANCE press toO}( change and to back up a color.))(!Then to return to the Main Menu")@,-"A)"@p# A@}- A6-"@f)"@# A- A@A"A )"@168@,-F:A ,7(}A A`J} AT26-F:A ,%@&!AU26-^ 6-AUhA r$|26-F:A },&@&!AU26- 6-AUA $SCREEN COLOR, (} ((,(Ԡ}ԠΠM(((To set SCREEN COLOR press toM( change and to back up a color.))(!Then to return to th}e Main Menu)@-"A)"@p# A- A`-"@f)"@# AP- A`A"}A )"@168@,-F:A,7(}A A` A`26-F:A,%@&!AU26-} 6-AUA$&26-F:A,&@&!AU26-0 6-AU:}AD$NSHIFT LOCKX+ (} (+(bR+(#ChickScratch is designed to boot inR("lo}wercase. This option allows thelU-(%default case to be changed. This canU(#be useful for special editing needsv]&(}such as Assembly Code or BASICG(programming. Just press the](indicated letter.G(Current Mode is:.8@,"}@d=( ҠG A`( Ҡ(( UPPERCASE(( lowercase(( Exit((Ente}r a choice:)@6-&@H$"@$68@,-@d$"@$68@,-}@ A A`INSERT/OVERWRITE MODE2 (} (2(! T+(#ChickScrat}ch is designed to boot inT($overwrite mode. You may change thisE+(#to boot in Insert Mode. Just pressE(the letter }indicated. (*K(Current Mode is:.8@,"A(ŠK A04( Ԡ>(( Ov}erwrite ModeH(( Insert ModeR(( Exit\((Enter a choice:f)@p6-&@Hz$"@}$68@,-$"@$68@,-@@ Ap A`SCREEN WIDTH) (}} ()(T(+( ChickScratch boots with a screenT($width of 40 characters. This is theR,($m}aximum width. The minimum width isR(!2 characters. This is useful for\,($editing special formats. Just enterR(!the} number of columns you want at\(boot.00(Current Number of Columns is>8@,'( ('(Enter number of columns}:6-A:,!! )!@@A68@,- A`PRINT DEFAULTS0 (} (-(}0(%%( LEFT MARGIN -->8@,$%%( RIGHT MARGIN -->8@ ,.%%( PAGE LENTH -->8}@,8%%( TOP MARGIN -->8@,B%%( BOTTOM MARGIN-->8@,L%%( LINE SPACING -->8@,VD(} PAGE WAIT -->08@,": D A0`  j::( PAGE NUMBER -->+8@,%8@},$AV,t::( START ON PAGE-->+8@,%8@,$AV,~%%( PRINT COLUMNS-->8@,E( JUSTIFY} FLAG -->08@,";(E A$8@,"@$(//( INDENT -->8@ ,} SPACES( Exit((Enter a selection:)@6-&@d--+ @)!@,*@$A}"@$A`ggAPApAAA0APApAAPAA# A}#`2-@@.(Enter Left Margin:268@,-A:, A@3-@@/(Enter Right }Margin:368@ ,-A:, A@ 2-@@.(Enter Page Length:268@,-A:, A@}1-@@-(Enter Top Margin:1(68@,-A:, A@24-@@0(Enter Bottom Margin}:4<68@,-A:, A@F3-@@/(Enter Line Spacing:3P68@,-A:, A@ZA-}@@4(ontinuous or age pauseA)@d."@g$68@,-@. A@n."@$68}@,-. A@x Ap:-@@6(Enter starting Page Number:4A@,6-P:}A:,'AV,,6-A:,&+$AV,+68@,-!68@,-+ A@9-@@5(Enter Starting PRINT }Page94A@,6-P:A:,'AV,,6-A:,&+$AV,+68@,-!68@,-+ A@@-@}@<(!Enter Number of Columns (0-256):@4A@68@,-A:, A@EXIT PROGRAM }(} ((##(TEXT COLOR -->8@,##(SCREEN COLOR -->8@,F(SHIFT LOCK -->.8@,"}<  F A"( ,F(INSERT MODE -->.8@,"<  F A6(}@D(PRINT FORMAT -->.8@,"@:(D A J(TB(KEY NOISE -->.8@,"@}8(B A@^(h##(LEFT MARGIN -->8@,r##(RIGHT MARGIN -->8@ ,|##(PAGE LENT}H -->8@,##(TOP MARGIN -->8@,##(BOTTOM MARGIN-->8@,##(LINE SPACING -->8@, }B(PAGE WAIT -->.8@,"8 B A   88(PAGE NUMBER -->+8@,%8@ },$AV,88(START ON PAGE-->+8@,%8@,$AV,##(COLUMNS -->8@,I(TEXT/PGM MODE }-->.8@!,"@?( ͠I AP( Ԡ((Is This OK? (Y/N):)@"@: }Y,)"@:y,A"@:N,)"@:n,A` A`ALL OK SO MODIFY PROGRAM5 (} (5($Insert Disk w }ith CS and press $)@$AUA &@@0*-@@*(Opening ĺӮ}:))@@D:CS.OBJD*-@@*(Opening ĺӮN))@@D:CS.MOD}X:-@@:( Reading ĺ -- writing ĺӮb)@*@l)@*@v)@})@*@*@6-%AV$)@)@*@*@}6-%AV$6-@#-@@#(BYTE-->-&%@)@*@}-@@(% 6-%%@NOW GET CS ST & ENMOVE PAST AND INSERT DATA)@)@}*@*@ 6-%AV$)@)@ *@*@*6-%A}V$4<-@@!$)@( <EMPTY OLD OPTIONS>-@@!H-@@(%R 6-}8,*@\ 6-%%@f A"p-BU5z)@*@-@@}(% @@\ (} ((4( You have now changed the default\(#settings of ChickScratch. Th}e fileT+(#CS.MOD contains the new parameters.T($if you want to change these settingsS*("again, just erase run this }programS($again and make as many special files=(as you would like.( (3(Happy Writing.= A&AUDIO NOIS}E TOGGLEa (} ((7(#ChickScratch has a default keyboarda(%which is silent. You can change thism(to suit your} needs.(!(9( - Silent KeyboardP( - Keyboard ClickS(V(m(Make a selection: 41 68@,-} 42 68@,-@  (} A` 9-@@5(Enter -Justify/ -Ragged9 41 6}8@,-@$ 42 68@,-. A@8 ;-@@7(Enter Default Indent Spaces;B }"68@ ,-P:A:,," A@L CHECK VERSION AND FILEV = (}-@7(ChickScratch Customizer:(=(` **}(!Checking Current File Settings...j >@ A%@>@@D:CS.OBJt G)@)@}*)@7)@G6-%AV$~ -)@)@-6-%AV$ ,-&%@()@ },  1-@@!$)@-68,-1  $)@$ @EA$ -A 8@,-A!}8@, $ //('Not ChickScratch Version 5.2 or later T,($Insert Disk with ChickScratch 5.2 orT(#later nam"}ed CS.OBJ and PRESS  $)@$AUA% A# TRAP ERROR 1F:A,"Ap16.CS.#}OBJ NOT ON DISK 5F:A,"Ag56.CS.MOD FILE IS LOCKED! E+F:A,Ap*F:A,AgE6.UNEXPEC$}TED ERROR # -@"( OF:A,"Ap(E($Insert Disk with CS.OBJ, PressO A% GF:%}A,"Ag(=(Unlock and RERUN this programG A&( (F:A,2  TOGGLE PROGRAM/TEXT MODES ( (}&} ((( Q+(#ChickScratch is designed to boot inQ(!Program Mode. This option allows S-(%the d'}efault mode to be changed. ThisS(!can be useful for special editing c,($needs such as Assembly Code or BASICM(progra(}mming. Just press thec(indicated letter. I(Current Mode is:.8@!,"@?( ͠I A'p ( )}Ԡ (( Program Mode (( Text Mode (( Exit ((Enter a choice: )@ 6-*}&@H $"@$68@!,-@ $"@$68@!,-" @ A', A`+}D2:CSCUSTOM.BAS@$68@!,-@ $"@$68@!,-" @ A', A` _________________________ CHICK-SCRATCH Version 5.9 _________________________ By Robert E. Chick-} _________________________ This Chick-Scratch Manual may be read from the screen or printed out on your printer .}for future reference. The (C)copy funtion from DOS may be used to easily print this file. Simply go to DOS and select/} (C)copy, then at the prompt enter "D1:Filename.Ext,P:". SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS -------------------0} The following equipment is required for using the Chick- Scratch program. ATARI 130XE or 800XL Computer ATARI 1051}0 Disk Drive with DOS 2.5 ATARI XMM801 Printer or compatible TV Set or Monitor Chick-Scratch will also work on the o2}ther XL and XE ATARI Computers, but text space may be less than indicated in this manual. INTRO from the Writ3}er --------------------- ChickScratch is a SHAREWARE program and any donation to the author (me) would be appr4}eciated. I can be reached at: 1868 Halsey Drive Piti, GU., USA 96925 Please use this address for eith5}er questions or donations. For information purposes I am a Broadcast Engineer with Trans World Radio. I will also sup6}ply a copy of the source code either printed or on disk for an appropriate monetary compensation. Chick-Scratch is7} a simple to use Word Processor employing a series of KEY-STROKE commands to perform various processing functions. If8} you are familiar with Word Processors, you may only refer to Section 3 which lists these commands. You do not need t9}o keep this manual around because the complete command key list is only a keystroke away. To see the HELP Screen, ju:}st press [^H] and you are on your way. Each time you press [^H] you will see another set of command keystrokes until;} you reach the end of the HELP menu. If you have found the combination you need, you may exit the HELP menu by press<}ing [ESC]. If you have never used a Word Processor, you should read Section 4 which describes the Chick-Scratch prog=}ram operation and each command KEYSTROKE. Chick-Scratch is a small but powerful Word Processor which can fill the ne>}eds of most ATARI users. Have fun and begin that long awaited Novel. Version 5.9 Update: For those who have used t?}he earlier versions, Version 5.9 offers many nice little extras to make your writing a little easier. There is a com@}panion program called CSCUSTOM.BAS which can be used to customized Chick-Scratch's print options and default screen mA}odes to suit your personal needs. COMMAND KEYSTROKES ------------------ Control Keys The followinB}g commands are available by holding the CONTROL key while pressing the indicated key. A Move Backward 512 CharacterC}s B Jump to bottom of text C Change Found Word D Delete Single Word, Sentence, Paragraph to left E Erase mulD}tiple Word, Sentence, Paragraph to right F Find Specified word G Global Search and Replace H Help Menus I InE}sert Mode Toggle K Kill Erase Buffer L Load a Document M DOS Menu N Keyboard NOISE toggle O False Space TogglF}e P Print Document Q Quit to DOS R Replace Erased Text S Save a Document T Move to top of screen or text U G}Show Unused Memory W True Word Count X Change place of two characters Z Move forward 1 screen of text TAB Change TH}AB Width Option Keys The following commands are accessed by holding OPTION+CTRL F Specify Find Word or Phrase CI} Specify Change Word or Phrase T Change Text Luminance B Change Background Color + Decrease Screen Width * IncreJ}ase Screen Width P Text/Program Mode toggle DEL/BS Delete all Memory Text Printing Keys The following inverse keysK} will determine the print format of the text. These commands are imbeded in the text during editing. Inverse CharL}acters are made by holding the SELECT key while pressing the indicated letter. This is indicated by (Sel) on the HELP M} menu. Command Default (Sel)a Set Indent AMOUNT 5 (Sel)b Define Bottom Margin 58 (Sel)cN} Center next line (Sel)d Begin Indenting Text (Sel)e Edge Right next line (Sel)f Define footer (Sel)g Goto linkeO}d file (Sel)h Define header (Sel)i Information (Sel)j Justification Toggle off (Sel)l Define Left Margin 5P} (Sel)m Margin release to Left (Sel)n Force Next page (Sel)p Define Page Length 66 (Sel)r Define Right Margin Q} 75 (Sel)s Define Line Spacing 1 (Sel)t Define Top Margin 5 (Sel)u Underline Toggle (Sel)w Page Wait R} off (Sel)x Define Column Width 80 (Sel)# Print Page Number (Sel)@ Starting page number 1 (Sel)? S} Begin print with page #1 (Sel)1 ESC Chr$(27) (Sel)2 Double Width Chr$(14) (Sel)3 Double Width Off Chr$(15) (Sel)T}4 Elite Print Chr$(77) (Sel)5 Pica Print Chr$(19) (Sel)6 Condensed Print Chr$(20) (Sel)7 Boldface ON Chr$(79) (SeU}l)8 Boldface OFF Chr$(70) (Sel)9 Underline ON Chr$(15) (Sel)0 Underline OFF Chr$(14) HOW TO USE CHICK-SCRATCHV} ------------------------ If Chick-Scratch is the first Word Processor you have ever used, you will find that iW}t will help ease the work of writing everything from a letter to a friend to that long awaited novel. If some of theX} terminology used in this manual is new to you, just experiment and see what happens. A few standards need to be undeY}rstood before continuing. o Whenever you see the carat (^) next to a letter or word, you need to hold down the CZ}ONTROL key while pressing the indicated key. o In the text that follows, words in brackets [] indicate a key [} or comb ination of keys to press. o All inverse video characters are considered by Chick-Scratch as print com\}mand characters. If an undefined character is found, Chick-Scratch will replace it with ASCII character (0) ]}during printing. This needs to be remembered when transfering files from another processor to Chick-Scratch. ^} Entering Text Data ------------------ As soon as Chick-Scratch has finished loading, you are ready to e_}nter text. Begin typing like a regular typewriter. When you reach the end of the screen line, continue to type and Ch`}ick- Scratch will automatically wrap the complete word to the next line if necessary. Unlike the RETURN on a regulara} typewriter, you only press RETURN in Chick-Scratch when you are at the end of a paragraph or desire a line to stand b}alone. There is an OPTION command totoggle Chick- Scratch into the Program Editing Mode. When in Program Mode (indic}cated by the letters Pgm in the command window) there is now Word Wrap. All other editing commands work the same in eid}ther editing mode. The TAB key will tab over 5 spaces each time it is pressed. (The tab width can be changed.) e} Editing Text Data ----------------- Unless you are a perfect typist with first time composition abilitief}s, you will need to edit your text before printing. There are numerous commands available to help in the editing opeg}rations. One of the great advantages of a Word Processor is the ability to arrange text and correct spelling and gramaq}XB%DOS SYSB*)DUP SYSB SAUTORUN SYSB_HELP DOCBcoSCRATCH OBJBZSCUSTOM BASBm,SCRATCH1DOCBjSCRATCH2DOCBl SCRATCH3DOCtical errors before you use up paper. I guess this could be considered an effort to help the conserva- tionists saver} our trees. Moving The Cursor Before you can change a word or phrase you must move the flashing cursor to the posits}ion within the text where you want to make changes. There are two quick move commands which are available. Press [^t}B] and watch Chick-Scratch move you quickly to the last position in your text. Next Press [^T] once and you jump tou} the top of the currently displayed page. Press [^T] again and you move to the very beginning of your text. This is v}very useful when you want to pick up entering data where you left off, or jump to the start to check your table of contw}ents. Obviously you don't want to leave the middle of your text beyond your grasp and that is where the arrow keys bx}ecome handy. The arrow keys are used in conjunction with three other keys, CONTROL, SHIFT, and OPTION. Press CONTROy}L plus the right or left arrow and you will move one character space at a time left or right. Press CONTROL plus the uz}p or down arrow and you will move up or down in the text by sentences. Press SHIFT plus the right or left arrow and {}you move right or left a word at a time. Press SHIFT plus the up or down arrow and you move up or down in the text a|} paragraph at a time. This allows you to quickly flip through your text and place the cursor on any word or letter tha}}t needs attention. The OPTION key can be used in coordination with the CONTROL key and the left and right arrows. ~} This will change the width of your display. The minimum size of your screen display is two characters, and the maximum} is 40 which is also the default size. (Default means that the computer program begins in the mode indicated.) This }can be handy when simulating double column printing. There are other ways of jumping straight to a particular word o}r phrase, but that falls under search and change which will be covered later. For now, just type in some text and pr}actice moving the cursor around the screen. Once you put in action what you read here it will be very simple. Cha}nging Text Insert and Type-Over Modes The next step is to change the word or phrase into which you have moved the c}ursor. There are several options for changing the existing text. If you just want to type over a word or letter to }correct your spelling, that is what you can do. Chick-Scratch has a default type-over mode. What that means is that y}ou will automatically type over and replace any character under the cursor. The reverse mode of typing is called I}NSERT Mode. This is activated with the [^I] command. Type [^I] and you will see the information line indicate "INSERT} MODE ACTIVE." This is an excellent tool to use when you want to enter a missing word or character, but when you want} to enter a larger segment of text such as a missing paragraph, there is a quicker method. Move the cursor somewhere} in the midst of your text. Now type [SHIFT-INSERT]. You will see an extra 255 spaces opened for entering your miss}ing data. If 255 is not enough, just press [SHIFT-INSERT] again and again and add 255 extra spaces each time. After} you have entered the missing paragraph or two, then you want to get rid of all those extra spaces. Move the cursor }to the end of the inserted text. Press [SHIFT-DELETE]. You will see Chick-Scratch quickly eliminate those unwanted s}paces. I must admit that I have found this little ability in Chick-Scratch very handy indeed. But there is more to }creating the perfect literary masterpiece than inserting a missing paragraph. What about those excessive adjectives }which clutter up your sentences, or even an extra paragraph or two? Erasing and Deleting Text Here you learn how to} use the [^D] and [^E] commands to your advantage. These two commands (Delete and Erase) work in similar manners, but} have differing purposes. Chick-Scratch can remove a word, a sentence, or a paragraph all at once using these command}s. Each command has three options. Press [^E] and the information line will indicate "ERASE (S,W,P) Press RETURN to} Exit." The three options are Sentence, Word and Paragraph. Restoring Deleted Text What if you made a mistake and} eliminated the wrong paragraph! Well never fear Chick-Scratch can solve this problem in most cases. Each time you pe}rform a Deletion or Erasure, Chick-Scratch stores the removed text in a buffer. If you use [^E] and erase several pa}ragraphs in one command they are all saved in order until the buffer is full. Each time you call either [^E] or [^D] t}he buffer is cleared to allow the new deletion to be in proper order. Press [Option ^E] and the buffer will not be c}leared and any new information erased will be added to the end. This can help when gathering several sentences or pa}ragraphs together for pasting. Move your cursor to the beginning of a paragraph. Press [^E] then [P] then [RETURN] }which will erase the paragraph. Now Press [^R] and presto the deleted paragraph is restored to life. This makes a h}andy way to move paragraphs around in a document usually called "cutting and pasting". Just erase the paragraph in o}ne place, move the cursor to where you want it in- serted and press [^R]. This is one of the nice commands in Chick-}Scratch which you will find invaluable in producing perfect literature. If you are using [^E] to erase a series of p}aragraphs or sentences, you may be presented the "Buffer Full" sign in the information line. This can be solved by a}nother Chick-Scratch command. Just remember before clearing the buffer, you cannot recover the buffer once it has be}en erased. To... (continued) Just remember before clearing the buffer, you cannot recover the buffer once it has be ...clear the buffer, you kill it. Type [^K] and you will be told "Buffer Cleared" and can start erasing once again.} You may want to trash the entire document. Don't worry, you do not have to go through a long series of Erases and B}uffer Kills to clear you memory. Chick- Scratch has a command to empty memory. Again be warned, if you haven't saved} the text, it is irretrievable(!). Press [OPTION^CLEAR] and you are given the warning, "Erase all Text: OK? (Y/N)." } If you are sure you want to kill everything, press [Y] any other key press will abort the command and return you to th}e editor. Changing Specific Words Occasionally you may want to write that anonymous story where you change the na}mes to protect the innocent. But when you have finished writing the story you are not sure you changed the name every} time. Here Chick-Scratch can save the day. Three commands can help, they are FIND [^F], CHANGE [^C] and GLOBAL [OP}TION^G]. Actually the GLOBAL command is a combination of the other two. First you want to tell Chick- Scratch the w}ord or phrase you want to find. Press [OPTION ^F] and you will be prompted to enter a "FIND:" word or phrase. (You c}an find anything that will fit on the Information line.) When you have finished telling Chick -Scratch that anonymous }name, press [RETURN] and the information line will clear while Chick-Scratch begins searching for that name. When th}e word is found, Chick-Scratch will scroll the text by till the first occurance is located and displayed with the cur}sor on the first character. Each succesive pressing of [^F] will cause the search to be continued from the cursor po}sition. I know, I said you could change that name. You could type in the change at this point but there is a better} way. Move the cursor to the start of the text by pressing [^T] twice. Now press [OPTION ^C] and you will be prompted }to enter the change text. This is the text which will replace your word if found. Be careful if you are replacing a} phrase to include the correct number of spaces at the beginning or end of the phrase. After you have the name chang}ed to protect the innocent, press [RETURN] and you are put back in the regular editor mode. Now the fun begins. Press} [^F] and Chick-Scratch will find the word you specified a few paragraphs ago. When the text has scrolled and the cu}rsor is on the culprit, press [^C] and Chick-Scratch performs an eye blinking replacement! Neat little trick huh? N}ow you can keep pressing [^F] and [^C] till all your names have been changed. Try it, you will remember it better lat}er. Since you have so studiously worked through the above, I will now tell you there is a quicker way to change a wo}rd everywhere in a piece of text. Here we return to [OPTION ^G]. So press [OPTION ^G] and you will see the same "FI}ND:" prompt as with [^F]. So enter the name again and press [RETURN]. Aha, you automatically jump to the "CHANGE:" pro}mpt. So enter the new name and press [RETURN]. Now the command line will indicate that it is making replacements an}d give a running total of how many times the word or phrase is replaced. When the replacement is complete it will s}ay "Replacing=> AAA Done" and the AAA will indicate the total number replaced. The screen will not scroll as in the }older versions. Now you can see GLOBAL is both FIND and CHANGE rolled into one routine. MISCELLANEOUS EDITING COM}MANDS ------------------------------ There are several other commands which are useful when editing, or at other ti}mes when you want to have fun. These are listed below with a brief explanation of their purpose. If you don't understa}nd a command's purpose, try it and find out what happens. [^A] Back up 512 Bytes. This command will move the c}ursor towards the top of the text by 512 chars. [^B] Bottom of Text. This will quickly move you to t}he bottom of the current text. [^T] Top of Screen and Text. Pressing ^T once will move the cursor to} the top of the current screen. Pressing it a second time will move the cursor to the start of the } text. [^O] Toggle False Spaces. This may seem a strange command, but I guarentee you will find us}e for it if you do a lot of writing. What this command does is change the display used by Chick- } Scratch. Press [^O] and see the spaces to the right filled with dashes (-). The spaces filled with da}shes are false spaces which will not appear in the printed text, they are used by Chick-Scratch t}o empty the line for wordwrap. [^W] Word Count. This little extra will count the actual number of w}ords in memory. A word is one or more standard printable char- acters seperated from other print}able characters by a non-printable character. Eg. This sentence has 5 words. This-sentence-has-one-word!} [^X] Exchange Letter Positions. This little command I enjoy alot since I have the tendency to trans}pose letters in a word while typing. Pressing [^X] will switch the letter under the cursor with }the letter to the right of it. [^TAB] Set TAB Width. I mentioned earlier the ability to change the n}umber of spaces entered into the text when TAB is pressed, and this command will do just that. T}here are restrictions however, the max is 255 and the min is 1. Anything else will be ignored and} the current tab space will be maintained. [^Z] Move forward one screen. This command allows you to }move through the text one screen at a time. Printing Text Data For most writing you will find the defaults to }be very pleasing in appearance. The defaults are: Left Margin 5 Page Wait OFF Right Margin 75 Page Number 1} Page Length 66 Page Width 80 Top Margin 5 Starting Page 1 Bottom Marg. 58 Justification OFF Line Spacing 1} Indenting 5 To begin we must realize that the actual length of a printed line is determined by subtracting Lef}t Margin from Right Margin. Left and right margins are measured from the left side of the page and the top and botto}m margins are measured from the top of the page. This means that the actual number of lines is equal to the bottom m}argin minus the top margin. So our default page will be started 5 lines from the top and end eight lines from the bot}tom with each line a maximum of 70 characters. Other defaults are for standard letters. Page Wait means that Chick-}Scratch will continue to print page after page without pausing. Initially Chick-Scratch is set up for form feed paper.} 80 Columns is the standard for printers and so Chick-Scratch starts this way. Finally, Chick-Scratch believes in }beginning counting at the number one without justifying both left and right margins. Chick-Scratch will always justify} the left margin. Each of these default conditions may be changed to suit your personal taste or a particular prin}ting format. If you do not want to put the parameters in the text at the top but use a stand- ard set of margins etc.,} run the companion program CSCUSTOM.BAS and design your own defaults. The following paragraphs explain the limits t}o each command with a brief explanation of how it operates. Remember that if the above default conditions look good,} you need to make no other changes in your text to print it out. All print commands must be entered into the text ma}terial. Chick-Scratch will interpret these commands as it executes its print program. Each print key is entered in I}NVERSE VIDEO. To enter any character in INVERSE VIDEO, hold the SELECT key while pressing the desired letter. Many o}f the Print Key commands require a number, this number is entered immediately following the Print Key in normal video. } There must be no space between the print key or the parameter number. Again note that Chick- Scratch interprets any} INVERSE VIDEO character as a print key. During printing if Chick-Scratch finds a character it cannot interpret from} either internal definition or through a user defined setting, Chick-Scratch will insert the ASCII character "0" (nul}l) which will appear as a "heart" when printed to the screen. This means if you are printing any BASIC programs with } Chick-Scratch, you must change all INVERSE VIDEO characters to normal video before printing. [l] Set Left Margin. Th}is can be from 0 to 255. Make sure that the left margin does not exceed the right margin or the page} width. [r] Set Right Margin. Any number from 1 to 255 is acceptable. The Right Margin must be greater} than the Left Margin and equal to or less than the page width. [t] Top Margin Set. Again any number fr}om 0 to 255 is acceptable. This is the number of lines that Chick- Scratch will skip before printing} the text. Top Margin must be less than the page length or Bottom Margin. [b] Bottom Margin Set. Does the } number 1 to 255 ring a bell. This must be greater than Top Margin and less than the page length.This i}s the last line to be printed on the page counting from the top of the page NOT from the top margin. [p]} Set Page Length. Once more we have a range of 1 to 255. In case you wonder about these ranges, the numbe}r 255 is a 'magical' number in computers which is the highest number held in a single byte. A standa}rd U.S. page is 11 inches long and U.S. printer standard is 6 lines per inch so 66 lines is a normal }page. This is Chick-Scratch's default size. If your paper is some other length, just divide the len}gth in inches by six and use that number. It seems apparent that page length must be longer than either } top or bottom margin. [#] Print page number. Wherever Chick-Scratch encounters this character it looks to }see what page number it is printing and inserts that number into the text. This is usually inserted }in the header or footer to keep all pages numbered. [h] Define header. A header is any number of charac}ters from 1 to (you guessed it) 255. The header is terminated by a RETURN. If you want the header t}o be more than one physical line long, then insert the correct number of spaces to equal a line and t}hen the next line. 255 Characters will allow more than 3 full lines for the header. The header is p}rinted on the very first line of a page. This means that if you want to move the header down from the top,} you must adjust top and bottom margins and then offset your paper in the printer. [f] Define footer. T}he same rules apply to the footer as to the header. The footer is printed on the very last line of t}he page. [m] Margin Release. This allows you to outdent the left side of a line. If your left margin i}s 5 then [m] would start a line 5 spaces to the left of the regular text. This print key applies only } to the line in which it is found by the print program. [a] Indent AMOUNT. Chick-Scratch defaults to 5 space} indenting. This can be changed to 1 to 255 spaces. Each line of text will be indented this amount fro}m the left margin. Therefore if the left margin is 5 and default indent is used the text will begin }at the 10th col. Make sure that Indent is always less than the right margin or unknown results will} occur. [d] INDENT Toggle. This code will begin indenting if it is off or stop indenting if it is on. }This command must appear on a line by itself. Using indenting instead of spacing over the text will h}elp save disk space when a file is saved. [e] Margin Right. This will make a word or line print against } the far right margin. This command mixed with the [m] command is a visual way of separating sections of a } report or instruction manual. [c] Center Text. This command will center the text line that follows the } command. One special note. Since Chick-Scratch addresses all the printkey commands before justifyi }ng a line, any special codes... (continued)-Scratch addresses all the printkey commands before justifyi5 ...for things such as Double Width printing will have unknown results on your printed output. [w]" } Wait for page insert. If this command is encountered in the text, Chick-Scratch will begin pausing at the"} end of each page and wait for you to insert a new sheet of paper into the printer and press RETURN. "} The default is a continuous paper feed. [s] Line Spacing. The numbers 1 to 255 again become relevant. "}This defines the number of lines between text lines. Normal spacing and default is 1 for single spacing. U"}se 2 for double spacing, and 3 for triple spacing etc.. [i] Information line. This command will tell C"}hick- Scratch that everything beyond the command up to 255 characters or a RETURN is not to be printe"}d. This is useful for inserting information within a document which is for your use only, and not fo"}r the hard copy. [n] Force Next page. Chick- Scratch will interpret this print key as a command to eject"} the current page before printing more text. [g] Goto Link file. Here is how you can write a piece of text "} beyond the memory limits of Chick-Scratch. When memory is almost full, use the [g] command followed by"} the [Device:Filename] of the next text file in the document. This will cause Chick-Scratch to print "}the memory document, then load the next document and continue printing. All print settings will be m"}aintained between documents. Therefore you need only define the print parameters in the first document. Th"}e manual for Chick-Scratch was written using this technique since this entire file is larger than the"} Chick-Scratch text area. This manual actually takes three files of about 13000 characters each. Al"}though it could have been put in two files I left room for future expansion. [j] Justification Toggle. Toggle"} means that you can alternate between normal printing and left - right justification. Chick-Scratch "}begins in normal ragged edge print mode, the first [j] it encounters begins justification, the next ["}j] returns to ragged edge and so forth throughout the document. [x] Set Column Width. Default is " }80 columns the normal size of home printers. If you have a larger office printer, or change to elite or co"!}ndensed, you may want to change this parameter and use your full printer characteristics. This also ""}can be defined between 1 and 255. [@] Define Start Page number. If you are printing an insert for a boo"#}k or article, you can have Chick-Scratch begin page numbering wherever you desire. This parameter can "$} be between 1 and 65536 (another magical number for eight bit computers.) [?] Begin printing with. This "%} plus the number following tells Chick-Scratch to not print the begining of a file, but to start at the pa"&}ge number you specify. [1] to [0] Special character defin itions for printer codes. These keys are set u"'}p to the special codes necessary for use by my Atari XMM801 printer. If your printer uses different "(}codes (check your printer's manual), you can change these values by USER DEFINED PRINT KEYS which ar")}e explained latter in this manual. The following list is for the Default values. [1] Chr$(27) ESC "*} [2] Chr$(14) Double Width on [3] Chr$(25) Double Width off [4] Chr$(77) Elite Print [5] Chr$(19) Pica "+}Print [6] Chr$(20) Condensed Print [7] Chr$(69) Bold Print On [8] Chr$(70) Bold Print Off [9] Chr$(15",}) Underlining On [0] Chr$(14) Underlining Off [u] This is the underline toggle. This uses two fairly standard"-} commands to perform its operation. The first [u] will begin underlining and the second will stop unde".}rlining. Chick-Scratch underlines using [u] by issuing a backspace to the printer (Chr$(8)) followed "/}by the underline character (chr$(95)). If your printer does not uphold these character definitons th"0}en you can still underline by using USER DEFINED PRINT KEYS. Those are all of the pre-defined print keys. Y"1}ou can however tell Chick-Scratch to define other characters for use with your own printer. USER DEFINED PRINT "2}KEYS ----------------------- Although I happen to like my printer, I realize that many other printers are used b"3}y Atarians. To make provision for that eventuality, Chick-Scratch can define any INVERSE VIDEO key which is not al"4}ready defined by Chick-Scratch. To define a key, you must determine the decimal value for the code you need to send you"5}r printer. Remember that Chick-Scratch has already defined the numbers 1 through 8 as decimal numbers 27, 14, 15, "6}77, 19, 20, 69, and 70. If the code you need is one of these, just use that key. After finding the decimal value ne"7}eded by your printer, type the unused key in INVERSE video followed by an equal sign (=) then the decimal value. If you"8} want to define INVERSE E as the ESC character, you would type: (sel)E=27 Now anytime you need this code "9}in the text, just enter the INVERSE E instead of the whole formula and Chick-Scratch will know to issue the decimal c":}ode 27 during printing. PRINT THE TEXT OUT ------------------ After all the above words, you still";} haven't found out how to actually print a text document, just how to format the output. Actually printing the text is"<} simple. Just press [^P] and enter a device and filename. That's all, how simple? You may wonder why Chick-Scratch "=}asks for a device and filename, and it is a good question. Chick-Scratch will allow you to print to any recognized A">}tari output device. You can even print to the screen by entering [E:] at the device filename prompt. Normally you w"?}ill enter [P:] to print to your printer. It is often helpful to print a document to the screen to see where page bre"@}aks and line breaks occur. This gives a good idea of the final product. Please note that the display is a maximum of"A} 40 lines and the output is 80 so the text will wrap around the screen without a wordwrap when previewing. One othe"B}r thing about the print routine. Chick-Scratch uses the generally accepted code of CHR$(12) to form feed the paper a"C}fter the footer or at the end of the page's text. If your printer does not accept this code then you must use single s"D}heet feed or your text will be off beginning with the second page. That's it for printing, try a few commands and th"E}en print to the screen to see just what happens. SAVING THE TEXT DATA -------------------- When you ar"F}e on the editing screen, you can save a document by pressing [^S]. If you have loaded a file, you are asked if you "G}want to use the same name. Pressing [Y] will save the file under the last name used. Any other keystroke will give yo"H}u a filename prompt. At the filename prompt you may enter the filename you want to use, sounds simple. If you do n"I}ot specify a device then the default is D1:. (Note: This default can be changed by going to DOS menu [^M] and callin"J}g a directory other than drive 1. This last drive will be used by Chick-Scratch as the default.) If you use the activ"K}e filename or enter a new name, Chick-Scratch will check for any file with the same name. If a duplicate is found yo"L}u are given the choice of Overwriting or Backing Up the file. If you are prone to power failures, as I am, then Back"M}up saves a lot of re-entry. [^S] saves the complete document and the current cursor position is unimportant. If an"N} error is encountered, Chick-Scratch will display if possible the english message for the error. If all is well, Chi"O}ck-Scratch will say "No Errors." LOADING THE TEXT DATA --------------------- Text data may be loaded f"P}rom either the editor screen or the DOS menu. When you are in DOS, just place the cursor on the Document desired and "Q}press [^L]. Chick-Scratch will erase the current text data and load the new data from disk. If you are looking at t"R}he edit screen, you may load a document with [^L]. The difference between loading in the editor and loading in the D"S}OS menu is how Chick-Scratch handles the current text in memory if loading from the editor. Chick-Scratch will begin"T} loading at the current cursor position. This allows you to add two or more files together in memory. Loading from the"U} editor will display any errors just as in saving or a DOS menu operation. DOS Operations -----"V}--------- Press [^M] and Chick-Scratch will present you with the Disk Directory for Drive Number One. From this men"W}u you can perform many DOS functions without leaving Chick-Scratch. The cursor highlights the filename which is to b"X}e acted upon by a command stroke. To move the cursor, just use the four arrow keys. (If you have the habit of holdi"Y}ng the CONTROL key, Chick-Scratch will understand and work the same.) Once you have the cursor on the desired filenam"Z}e, just press the highlighted letter or combination of keys and Chick-Scratch will perform as requested. If an error"[} occurs, a message will print to the screen indicating what went wrong. Chick-Scratch knows something about the Englis"\}h language and Atari error codes and attempts to interpret errors into English. You may also load a text file from"]} DOS. If you load from the DOS menu, the current text in memory will be erased and the new file inserted. If you are u"^}sing more than one drive, Chick- Scratch can help you there. Chick-Scratch can handle Drives 1, 2, and 8 (RAMDISK). "_}If you have drives 3 and/or 4 then you are out of luck. Just press the number for the drive desired and Chick-Scratch"`} will redisplay the directory for that drive. Now you have all the information necessary to take full advantage of y"a}our Chick-Scratch program. Read over any parts which are unfamiliar and try some tests on the program, experimenting w"b}ill help in understanding the finer points of Chick-Scratch. The last section will contain some helpful hints to fur"c}ther your use of Chick-Scratch. Helpful Hints ------------- Chick-Scratch is a powerful word "d} processor in a small package. By using the right combination of USER DEFINED PRINT KEYS and Chick-Scratch commands yo"e}u can make some pretty impressive reports. The following suggestions are to help eliminate some possible problems."f} 1. Remember that Chick-Scratch will include command keys in any line character count during justification so"g} avoid print keys if you are using justification. 2. If you want to center text which is double width, you"h} need to calculate the position and insert the correct number of spaces to make it even. Remember to coun"i}t each print character twice when figuring center position. 3. Chick-Scratch employs a keyboard buffer. Th"j}is can be used to type ahead of the program when inserting text into a long document. This can also be u"k}sed to issue other commands while a document is loading or saving. Technical Data ---------"l}----- Chick-Scratch is a good sized program (13K) which is placed just above the standard DOS 2.5 Buffer area. It a"m}llows use of Drives 1, 2 & 8. Drive 8 is the RAMDISK. If other drives are required then you will have to reassemble"n} the program above the additional Disk Buffers. Copies of the Source Code are available from the author for an adequat"o}e donation to cover the cost of reprinting and shipping. The source code is approximately 110 pages long. Chick-S"p}cratch is two program in one. The first program loads at $1D00 and turns off BASIC then displays the title screen. The"q} second program is the actual Word Processor which also loads at $1D00 and overwrites the original program. This sav"r}es some memory area for text by not keeping around the portions which are never used again by the program. This over"s}lapping of program area is available by using the Atari Macro Assembler. If your assembler does not allow you to mov"t}e the Location Pointer backwards then you can assemble each section seperately and then combine them into one program "u} using the COPY function with append. The Atari Macro Assembler breaks up code into 255 byte segments which allows for"v} loading programs into different areas of memory easily but slows down loading of a program which is contiguous. E"w}njoy.ading programs into different areas of memory easily but slows down loading of a program which is contiguous. E