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F0Ξ05: [ BDEHI%} VY8 B V  @  /DE `E:D8:DUP.SYSERROR-SAVING USER MEMORY ON DISKTYPE Y TO &}STILL RUN DOS B;DE J  (` 9 V⪍ ઍ  -'}LLu ÝDEHILV 9 .l 9 .l  `` s$B BH(}I|DE V BLV nB,DE JLV B V BLVDEIʩ BꭝLu } 3E:}DISK OPERATING SYSTEM II VERSION COPYRIGHT 1984 ATARI CORP.A. DISK DIRECTORY I. FORMAT DISKB. RUN CARTRIDG*}E J. DUPLICATE DISKC. COPY FILE K. BINARY SAVED. DELETE FILE(S) L. BINARY LOADE. RENAME FILE M. RUN AT ADDRES+}SF. LOCK FILE N. CREATE MEM.SAVG. UNLOCK FILE O. DUPLICATE FILEH. WRITE DOS FILES P. FORMAT SINGLEL !N',}#"&))9(&*)/h)''-&؆莟R'S  vL/ˢ L }Insert DOS 2.0s, type Y Λx -}DEfHI 1莏#q! @ y0ɛ8A0,' ȅ 1 1ild! 1L!NO SUCH ITEMSELECT.} ITEM OR FOR MENU! 0 .z:*{}.|{ 1 0 0JB 18L%|DL/}%DIRECTORY--SEARCH SPEC,LIST FILE?[# 0 0 &|D3" 1L!NOT A DISK FILEN !B 1L!E# 1 !BD0}ED:}:1BJ|DE 1DEBHI 1 h0ߢ 0.1}  0?詛 1 y0YЛ 1 ;#L" ;#L! 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G}JB|,#P#DE 1 HI BDEHHII 1 B 1 ,^ 1 70,0La- B V,#PH},^ 1 70 0L#L!-* 1P* 1 y0Yj383}mm ݭI}}`8}``|* ? ɛ,`|:-)| / 1L!`DESTINATION CANT BE DOJ}S.SYS0 0H{ 24Δ 28/L!/) 2 Π 2 0 ξK}hAΞB,0 J 1 BDEHI,HÝDE 1HIHIDELSAVE-GIVE L}FILE,START,END(,INIT,RUN)O S0 1`BDEPHI V` S0H 1 L!M}0 0 1L~0`PLEASE TYPE 1 LETTER,0`hhL! 70 1L0L<1 ,;ɛ7,"ɛ:ݦ1ݥN}A"D|ݤD|ȩ:|ȩ|ɛ,,(/+.ީ1 1,ɛ`轤{NAMEO} TOO LONG B VL!` L1I H1EΝDL1|mDiE` V0`8d/8 i:222 1 LP}!ERROR- 164ɛ+,' 20*.. өr2 1``2TOO MANY DIGITSINVALID HEXAQ}DECIMAL PARAMETER800 0 8 00`,0'D800 H,ɛh`2L1NEED D1 THRU D8uR} ECIMAL PARAMETER800 0 8 00`,0'D800 H,ɛh`2L1NEED D1 THRU D8u05  15 2 2151^116115ύ011$r2ԭ5 3)5)5ԭx GT}@@L00)+& 2 L0=ɛ -L!1LV1L1 /3 3ȹ441L-4 v3 25 2H 2h͔5U}L3L3 2 k3U hh`DOC`QL3P1Lk0S1H /3h0B k3@ VL0LU!#$53 1181118V}1111Ε5 1Lk0552 1Ȍ1i111i11115Lk0pppB4f5&&&&&&&&^6f^6&&&&&W}&&A1@BJ D2ELVK@BHILV^Щ6 2BD2EJ VBD5EHI0 V0%5X}5 2iХiL[2 25 25`D:*.*` i@`8 ``@i `8@`0 BLV525<4Y}5`HH i ԍΗ552 ԍhh@ Lح1Э1Ѣ 24.4 24Z}4`D4E` 2BJ k3LVRH` 2BD4EhK)I JLV333 BASIC language TUR > TURBO BASIC OBJ| f}COM > MACHINE language DOC > DOCumentation PIC|MIC|FNT|MVM > Graphics AMS|MUS|MBD > Music LST > BASIC g} LISTing -Some MACHINE language programs can only be run by loading the MENU without BASIC! ------- -For s h}ome programs, XL/XE models may require a "TRANSLATOR" program (available from BELLCOM) to be loaded first! -Most i}programs are relatively self-explanatory; however, some may have separate DOCumentation files. Some BASIC programs m j}ay contain instructions in their program listings. LIST to read. -To view DOCumentation files one page at a time, k} press [START], [Return], or the Joystick Trigger to display the highlighted DOC file. Pressing the [Esc] key cau l}ses a return to MENU. -To print out a hard-copy of any DOCumentation file, [Q]uit the MENU, boot DOS, and then from m} DOS, use the (C)Copy command: D:Filename.DOC,P: -To use this great MENU program on your own disks, simply n} copy the file "AUTORUN.SYS". D:Filename.DOC,P: -To use this great MENU program on your own disks, simply ! = = = = ===== ===== ===== == == = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = ===== = = = p} = = = = = = = = ===== ===== ===== _________________________________ This is the official release q}of MYDOS version 4.50 _________________________________ This DOS is now... ...in the Publir}c Domain! Please read ALL the DOCumentation files included on the MYSDOS disk(s) for further details. Charles Ms}arslett & Bob Puff 11/24/88 MYDOS _________________________________ PLEASE NOTE that t}this disk side (#D-47 side 1) is formatted with Atari DOS 2.5 and does NOT contain MYDOS! Side 2 of this disk and sidu}es 1 and 2 of disk #D-48 are formatted with MYDOS. This is the only disk side which contains a disk MENU program. Tov} use this MENU to view the contents of the other 3 disk sides, simply remove the disk currently in the drive, insert w}the disk side of your choice, and then press both [SELECT] and [OPTION] together, to refresh the current MENU display ax}fter changing disks. QUICK START INSTRUCTIONS _________________________________ Impatient to get at MYDOS?y} The following instructions allow you to quickly access and view your new MYDOS disk operating system: 1. Before tz}urning on your computer and disk drive, make sure that you do not have a cartridge installed in your comp{}uter. 2. Turn on the disk drive, and when the busy light goes out, insert your MYDOS master disk (either #|}D-47 side 2, or #D-48 sides 1 & 2). Close the drive door. 3. Turn on the computer (with [OPTION] held down }}to disable BASIC if using an XL or XE model). After a few seconds, the MYDOS menu should appear on the sc~}reen. A prompt "select item (RETURN for menu):" will be displayed. 4. You may now insert a blank diskette i}n the disk drive and format it for MYDOS with the "I" command. If an error message is displayed, insert a}nother diskette; the first is bad. 5. Write the MYDOS system files DOS.SYS and DUP.SYS to the newly formatt}ed diskette with the "H" command. 6. This may now be used as your system backup disk: place a write protect} tab on it, label it, and use the "J" command to make as many working disks as you need from it. } IMPORTANT ========= Using the MYDOS manual (MAIN.DOC), please refer to section XII "INITIAL INSTALLAT}ION INSTRUCTIONS" and section IX "CUSTOMIZING A SYSTEM DISK" for a more completete set of starting instructions. Be s}ure to read the complete MAIN.DOC file in order to fully use this great DOS. FILES REQUIRED FOR MYDOS 4.50 _____}____________________________ Besides MYDOS's "DOS.SYS" AND "DUP.SYS" files, the RAMboot utilities, and the source cod}e, these are the disk files for MYDOS 4.50: MYDOS.DOC - This file. MAIN.DOC - The main DOCumentation file for MYD}OS 4.50. Use (C) copy command "D:Filename.DOC,P:" from DOS to copy this file to your printer. The file is formatted f}or 80 columns. TECH.DOC - The technical notes for MYDOS 4.50. Same instructions for printout as in MAIN.DOC. VTOCFI}X.COM - The MYDOS disk fixer. See the .DOC file (below) for instructions. VTOCFIX.DOC - The documentation for the V}TOCFIX.COM program. Same instructions for printout as in MAIN.DOC. ATR232.AUT - The RS232 driver for ATR-8000 users.} ATR232HD.AUT - The RS232 driver for ATR-8000 users using the ATR hard disk interface. ATARI850.AUT - The RS232 dri}ve for the Atari 850 interface. Enjoy! and Experiment!TR hard disk interface. ATARI850.AUT - The RS232 driD MYDOS Version 4 User Guide } Revision 4.50 for Atari Home Computers Copyright (}C) 1988 by WORDMARK Systems and the authors: Charles Marslett } 2705 Pinewood Dr. Garland, TX 75042 CIS: 73317,3662 } UseNet: CHASM@KILLER.DALLAS.TX.US and } Robert Puff Suite 222 2117 Buffalo} Rd. Rochester, NY 14624 GEnie: BOB.PUFF } This software may be freely used and distributed provided that this copyright notice is left intact, and pro}vided that: (1) The source code in machine readable form is provided with any binary distribution, or mad}e available at no additional cost to the recipients of the binary distribution. (2) A binary version of a} derivative work may be sold for a reasonable distribution charge (less than $50), and the source code in m}achine readable format must be available. (3) A derivative work may not impose and restriction on the free } distribution of the source code. MYDOS User Manual page 1 Version 4.50} MYDOS Version 4 User Guide by Charles Marslett & Robert Puff } I. INTRODUCTION The disk operating system described in this manual is modeled after the ATAR}I (trademark of ATARI Corp.) disk operating system (DOS 2), and may be considered an extension of the very "user frie}ndly" concepts introduced with this operating system. The ATARI 810 disk drive and the ATARI 1050 disk drive a}re well supported by the DOS 2 and DOS 2.5, but those DOSs have very limited provision for higher capacity doub}le density disks (such as the XF-551), and large RAMdisks. II. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS } MYDOS 4.50 is intended to function as nearly as possible like ATARI DOS 2. This means it occupies as little me}mory as possible, supports all the system calls supported by DOS 2, and in most cases uses exactly the same p}arameters to the system calls. This means compatibility, yet MYDOS goes far beyond this. On a standard si}ngle-sided, single density disk, MYDOS will read and write to a DOS 2.0 or 2.5 format, and vice versa. There are a few p}rograms that will not run under MYDOS because of one or both of the following reasons: direct "illegal" calls i}nto the main DOS or FMS code, and relying upon exact directory data (i.e., 3 digit sector counts). MYDO}S will run on any 8-bit Atari computer with at least one disk drive (that is compatible with DOS 2). MYDOS 4.50 has} full READ compatibility with the DOS 2.5 format, but will only write to the first 720 sectors of the disk. (MY}DOS has its own format for enhanced density disks that allow full access.) It is not compatible at this time with} the OS/A+ version 4 format, or the SpartaDOS format. Up to eight disk drives (or nine if the ninth is a RAM}disk) may be accessed, but only one is required. The resident part of the operating system (DOS.SYS) suppor}ts all documented functions of the DOS 2 operating system, so MYDOS supports most available software for the ATARI }home computers. The memory available to a program is affected only by the number of files to be open co}ncurrently: each disk file that may be open at the same time requires 256 bytes of buffer space. Unlike Atari DOS 2, } memory requirements are independent of the number of disk drives or the sector size and density. The need for a 256} byte buffer for each concurrently open file means that programs that keep large numbers of files open will have l}ess memory available than under DOS 2 and as a result some programs (mostly older versions of compilers and language } interpreters) will not have enough memory to run. With three file buffers (which is the default) and no resident} drivers (such as for RS232 support), MYDOS 4.50 permits binary programs to load as low as $1F00. MYDOS Us}er Manual page 2 Version 4.50 MYDOS 4.50 also contains a very vers}atile RAMdisk driver than can handle upgrades up to 1 megabyte that follow the guidelines of the expanded memo}ry on the 130XE, or the Axlon upgrade for the 800. MYDOS also has a feature that will determine how much memory you} have, and set itself up for your machine (For XE-compatible upgrades only) automatically. III. M}ENU FUNCTIONS The menu provided by MYDOS 4.50 identifies 18 common tasks that might need to be done. R}ather than having to write a utility program (only a few lines of BASIC would perform most of the menu functions) }or even remember the name and format of a DOS command, these tasks can be handled by entering a single letter. MY}DOS responds with a question asking for the details of the operation (which file, what density, "are you sure}?" or whatever else it might need to know). After you enter the remaining information, the function is performed }and another prompt is displayed. You should notice two interesting things about the menu: the second} line on the screen identifies the disk drives present on the system and what they appear to MYDOS to be (single or do}uble density, RAMdisk or high capacity hard disk). The next line describes the current default directory (t}hat directory used when a disk is referenced by "D:" (without a unit number after the "D" - this featur}e will be described later). The second thing to notice is that after commands fill the screen, the menu "rolls" off }the top: some DOS programs (e.g. Atari DOS 2) keep the menu, MYDOS does not. This permits more information to } be displayed when a long sequence of commands are done, or when many files are copied. To restore the menu to th}e screen, just type RETURN, and the initial screen will be restored. If you wish to abort a command} at any point, simply press BREAK. This will return you to the prompt. Pressing BREAK or RESET while writing t}o a disk will not cause any damage; however, the file you were writing will probably not be displayed in the directory}, and the free sector count may be incorrect. When entering a filename, the drive number should be en}tered, followed by a ":", and then the rest of the filename. If the drive number and ":" are not entered, th}e default drive (and directory) will be used. In the [C]opy file option, entering the drive number only will re}sult in copying every file on the main directory of that drive. A drive may be specified like this: "1", "1:", or "D1}:". If you wish to specify the file or set of files to be referenced, the drive format must include a ":" or i}t must be omitted entirely (for the default drive and directory). Examples: D1:Test.obj, 1:TEST.ASM, or D2TEST (re}ally D1:D2TEST) are valid file names, but d1:Test.obj or 1TEST.ASM are not. The file name itself is eith}er fully specified (referring to the MYDOS User Manual page 3 Version 4.50 } entire name as it is on the disk) or includes "wild card" characters (specifying a set of files). A fully specified} file name consists of one to eight characters followed by a period (".") and zero to three additional "extender" }characters. The characters in the file name may be upper or lower case letters, numbers, the underscore ("_") or the } character "@". The only exception is the first character - it may not be a number. The "wild card" characters are }the characters "*" and "?": the character "*" or the sequence ".*" end either the 8 character or the 3 } character field in the file name and match all possible characters. The character "?" matches only one single file } name character. Examples: "*.BAS" will match every file ending with .BAS. "TEST?.*" will match files TEST.BAS, T}EST1.OBJ, but will not match TESTER.BAS. In addition to the main directory (containing up to 64 files o}r directories), each MYDOS disk may also contain additional subdirectories of 64 files each. You m}ay use one of two possible characters to separate the subdirectory name(s): the ":" colon, or the ">" greater-}than sign. If the main directory contained the subdirectory BAS and the file GRAPHIC1 were in the subdirectory fil}e BAS, it could be referenced with the filename BAS:GRAPHIC1 (or BAS>GRAPHIC1). If instead, GRAPHIC1 were }in the subdirectory GR.dir which in turn were in BAS, then the reference would be to BAS:GR.dir:GRAPHIC}1 (and so on with as many names as needed). Because there is no limit to the number of subdirectories on a disk (othe}r than the buffer size of programs using the directories and number of available sectors on the disk), a sin}gle diskette can contain hundreds of files if necessary. Each subdirectory is a 8 sector file to its parent d}irectory. Thus it is limited to 64 files or subdirectories like the 8 sector root directory. If } a disk directory includes the files TEST.ASM, TEST.OBJ, TEST.C, TEST.ALM, TEASET.DOC, TRACE.FIL, and BET}S.LST, the specification "t*.*" will not match any file name (since "t" and "T" are not the same letter to MYDOS)}. The specification "T**" will match all but "BETS.LST" (since the others all begin with the letter "T"). The spe}cification "?E??.*" will match the first four files and the last one (since the 8 character part of the file name m}ust have no more than 4 characters in it and the second character must be an "E"). The specification "*.?" wi}ll match only the file TEST.C (since it is the only file name with a single character in the 3 character field). } The specification "????E**" will match the files TEASET.DOC and TRACE.FIL and none of the others (since the 8 charac}ter part of the file name must have at least 5 characters and the fifth must be an "E"). Note that MYDOS does }not always require the "." period to separate the extender from the 8 character filename. Examples: FILENAME}.EXT could be entered as FILENAMEEXT; TES*.* could be TES**, but TEST.* could NOT be entered as TEST*. } IV. THE MENU COMMANDS A. List a Directory or a Set of Files MYDOS User Manual page 4 } Version 4.50 The "A" command will list the files on a disk with their sizes, follow}ed by a line specifying the number of free sectors on the disk. If the line starts with a "*", the file has been locke}d and may not be modified or deleted without first being unlocked. A ":" before the file name marks those files} that are subdirectories. These files cannot be read or written as other files but only accessed as direct}ories or deleted (if the directory is empty). File lengths and the number of free sectors are reported as 4 digit de}cimal numbers (most other Atari DOSs report the values as 3 digit numbers). If the number of free secto}rs on a drive exceeds 9999, the free sector line will contain a 5 digit number, and be one character longer. } If a file is longer than 9999 sectors, the blank between the file extender and its sector count will contain the most }significant digit (the line size does NOT change). No indication is made of the format of the file bu}t ATARI DOS 2.0, 2.5, and MYDOS are the only three supported file formats. SpartaDOS or OS/A+ Version 4 }files must be converted to single or double density Atari DOS 2 files first in order to be usable from MYDOS. }See Section 6 for further directory information if you need more detail. The "A" command will list} the directory information to the screen if only one file specification is entered. If two are entered, the secon}d is taken as a destination file and will be overwritten (or appended to if the /A flag is used) with the directory} data. Use "2,D1:DIR.TXT" to save the directory data of drive 2 to a text file DIR.TXT on drive 1. The entry "1,}P:" will give you a printout of the directory of drive 1. To list the files in a subdirectory, ent}er the name of the directory followed by a ":" colon or ">" greater-than sign. For example, "1:TEST:BAS:" w}ill list the files in the subdirectory BAS which in turn is in the subdirectory TEST in the main directory of t}he diskette in drive 1. Using "D1:TEST>BAS>" will achieve the same results. B. Run the Cartridge } The "B" command returns control to the cartridge in the left (or only) cartridge slot. If no cartridge } is present, an error is displayed, and nothing happens. No additional information is required, so if }a cartridge is present, it is entered after loading MEM.SAV (if enabled) or immediately. C. Copy a File} or a Set of Files The "C" command is used to make another copy of one or more files of data. The} two file specifications asked for after entering the "C" identify the source and the destination of the information} being copied. Either may be fully specified disk file or a device MYDOS User Manual page 5 } Version 4.50 specification (such as E:, P: or one of the RS232 ports R1: to R4:). The dest}ination may be a set of disk files (specified with "*" and "?"s) only if the source specifies a file name for the dest}ination to use. The source may be a set and the destination a single disk file, but unless the "/A" modifier is s}pecified to append each copied file to the end of the previously copied files, only the last source file will rema}in on the destination disk. Note that the "C" command always uses the full memory space for a copy oper }ation (unlike ATARI DOS 2) and as a result, it will always invalidate MEM.SAV if it is used. Any pending program c }annot be restarted after a "C" or "J" command. There are several options when entering files to copy.  }As with all filename inputs, the default drive and directory (whatever "D:" is equal to on the top status  }line) will be used if Dn: is not specified. Using "/Q" at the end of the line will query you for each source file  }it finds (useful for copying certain files but specifying *.*) if you wish to copy it. Using "/S" will copy all files} EXCEPT those with the first letter of the extender being "S" (will omit all *.S??). This emulates DOS 2.0's [O]} copy file option, and is useful when you want to copy all files except .SYS files. The last option is the "/X" pa}rameter. This will prompt you for disk swaps, even if the source and destination drives are not the same number. Here a}re some examples of using the [C]opy file(s) command: "TEST.BAS" will copy the file TEST.BAS on the defa}ult drive (and directory) to the same drive, but prompt you for the destination. (Same as the [O] command in DO}S 2.0.) "D1:TE*.*,3" will copy all files on drive 1 starting with "TE" to drive 3. "D4:DIR>*.TXT,E:/Q" wil}l copy all files in the DIR directory of drive 4 ending with .TXT to the screen, but will query you before each one. } "2:ADD,2:LIST/A" will append the data in the file ADD on drive 2 to the file LIST on drive 2. D. De}lete a File or Set of Files The "D" command will remove all files that match the file specificati}on entered, asking for confirmation before each one is removed. The "Delete file xxx?" prompts may be disabled b}y adding "/N" to the filename. In this case, all the matching files will be removed "quietly", and the only f}urther indication you will see is the prompt for the next command. E. Rename a File or Set of Files } The "E" command changes the name of the source file or files to match the specification in the destin}ation. Unlike other file specifications, the destination specification MUST consist of a single file nam}e: it must not contain any directory names or a disk drive number. For example, "D2:TEST>BASIC>NOTPNT.BAS,RANDIO.BAS" }is MYDOS User Manual page 6 Version 4.50 the line entered to change } the name of a file in the directories "D2:TEST>BASIC>". To change the name of the directory "BASIC" to "ATBAS}IC", the line would look like "D2:TEST>BASIC,ATBASIC". One word of caution: Never rename more than one file to another } name without wildcards in the destination. For example, renaming "*.*" to "TEST" would rename EVERY file to "T!}EST", making it impossible to retrieve files other than the first one! F. Lock a File or Set of Files "} The "F" command limits access to the files identified. "Locked" files may not be deleted, renamed, #}added to, or replaced without being first unlocked with the "G" command. When a directory is listed, the fil$}es that have been locked will be marked with an "*" in the first column. The files that are locked may be read or loaded%} and executed normally, only modification or removal are prohibited. A locked directory cannot be deleted o&}r renamed and no files may be written to it. The files already in it are not locked however. MYDOS will'} not ask you for confirmation on each file, "Lock xxx?" unless you specify this feature by adding "/Q" to the filena(}me. G. Unlock a File or Set of Files The "G" command removes the limitations imposed on a )}file when it is "locked" using the "F" command. It does not alter the file or otherwise change the way the f*}ile is accessed or used. The same function may be performed in a program through the CIO function to "unlock" a+} file. As with the "F" function, MYDOS will not ask you for confirmation with each file t,}o unlock, unless you specify the "/Q" parameter after the filename. H. Write MYDOS to a Disk -} The "H" command is used to make a bootable copy of the current MYDOS 4.50 files in memory. The two files crea.}ted or rewritten are "DOS.SYS" and "DUP.SYS". "DOS.SYS" is the permanently resident file management routine acc/}essed through CIO and the small interface package that loads and saves MEM.SAV (an image of the part of memory 0} used to hold the nonresident part (DUP.SYS) of MYDOS), and the code to load the menu portion of MYDOS ("DUP.SYS"). T1}he file "DUP.SYS" is a standard binary load file containing the part of MYDOS that is overwritten when a pr2}ogram is loaded into memory. Neither of these files may be interchanged with any other version or type of disk 3} operating system; both should be treated as a single object. Never copy only DOS.SYS or only DUP.SYS to a disk4} without copying the other, unless you will never access the DUP.SYS menu (called by typing "DOS"). The file5}s written to the disk by the "H" command will reflect the configuration parameters currently in memory, which may 6} MYDOS User Manual page 7 Version 4.50 be different from the ones active i7}f the system were rebooted from the master disk again. (See Section IV.O., configuring the system, for the def8}inition of the configuration parameters provided in the system and how to specify a modified configuration.) 9} I. Initialize a Diskette The "I" command is used to "Format", or prepare a new disk for use wit:}h the MYDOS operating system, or to remove all the files on an old disk. The result of the "I" command is a completely;} empty disk. The only data on the diskette is that system provided information defining the space available <} and the empty main directory. If the drive number is followed by a "/N" parameter, the diskette will not be ref=}ormatted, but just "erased" (the directory sectors will be rewritten). If a disk has recently been formatted,>} this is the fastest way to remove all the files on a diskette, rather than to use the "D" command. Use this optio?}n ONLY if you know the disk was good, for this does not verify the integrity of the disk. Due to a bug in some h@}ard disk interfaces, this "/N" parameter may be needed to initially format the hard disk partitions. A} A diskette may also be formatted in the Atari 1050 enhanced format by responding to the question "(Type [AB}] to format in Enhanced) Type [Y] to format drive x:" with a "A" (presuming the drive is a 1050 drive or coC}mpatible with the 1050). The diskette is, however, not compatible with the diskettes similarly created by DOS 2.5D}. The MYDOS diskette will not be readable by DOS 2.5, but DOS 2.5 enhanced disks can be fully read by MYDOS. E} An additional note: it is a good idea to set the density of the drive you are about to format, unless the driF}ve is not capable of double density. (see the "P" command for information on setting density.) Otherwise, MG}YDOS will format the drive in the density of which it was last accessed. J. Duplicate a Diskette H} The "J" command copies all the information from one diskette to another. The information to be copied foI}rm the source diskette is determined by specifying a starting and an ending sector number. If the range is not sJ}tated, the sectors marked as in use in the DOS bit map (on the VTOC sectors) are copied. The VTOC may be constructed byK} Atari DOS 2, any version of MYDOS or any other compatible operating system. Specifying a sectoL}r range is done by adding two numbers separated by a dash and enclosed in parentheses to the end of the M}drive specification(s). For example, to copy sectors 19 through 54 (tracks 1 through 3) from drive 1 to drive 3 witN}hout formatting the diskette in drive 3, the command line could be "1,3/N(19-54)". To copy the entire disk O}from drive 1 to drive 2 after formatting the diskette in drive 2 the command could be "1,2(1-720)". This is the P} MYDOS User Manual page 8 Version 4.50 proper way to duplicate a non-MYDOS cQ}ompatible diskette (of course, copies of "copy protected" disks will not normally be usable after copying but R}data disks for some word processors and games can be backed up this way). Enhanced density disks may be duplicated iS}n the same manner: "1,2(1-1040)". If the destination disk is already a properly formatted T}diskette, the "/N" modifier may be entered after either drive number to skip the formatting of the destination drU}ive. Otherwise, the destination diskette will be formatted before the data from the source is copied to it. V}That is, either "1/N,2" or "1,2/N" will copy from drive 1 to drive 2 without first formatting the diskette in W}drive 2. Note that the "J" command, like that in ATARI DOS 2, will use all of available memory to dupX}licate the diskette: this means that if memory has been saved using the MEM.SAV file, it will no longer be validY}. Any pending program cannot be restarted after a "C" or "J" command. K. Save Memory to Disk Z} The "K" command builds a binary load file containing the data from the memory area specified, as well as [}adding an initialization and a run vector address if specified. If the file is not to execute an initialization r\}outine on being loaded, the initialization vector should be omitted. If it is not to run on being loaded, the run]} vector should also be omitted (trailing commas need not be entered). If either vector is entered as zero, that i^}s equivalent to omitting it. Note that the starting and ending addresses of the program and both entry points _} are all specified as hex numbers. You may append data to another file by using the "/A" parameter. This command may`} also be used for just adding a Run address to a binary file. Example: "D1:PROGRAM.OBJ/A,0,0,,4000" would add thea} run address of $4000 to the program "PROGRAM.OBJ" on drive 1. If MEM.SAV is active when the "K" b}command is entered, the MEM.SAV file is loaded before writing the file to the disk. L. Load Memory fromc} a File/Disable MEM.SAV The "L" command takes a binary load file from the disk and loads it into memord}y. The load file's initialization routine(s) will be executed and the program started at its run address unless the e}"/N" parameter is added to the file name. If the file is not a binary file, you will be returned with an "Errof}r -- 180". A binary file that is corrupted will return an "Error -- 181". This command also disables g}the MEM.SAV feature before loading and executing the program. To just disable MEM.SAV, press "L", then [RETURN].q}B%DOS SYSB*)DUP SYSB SAUTORUN SYSB_MENUHELPDOCBoMYDOS DOCBMAIN DOC MYDOS User Manual page 9 Version 4.50 M. Run at Address r} The "M" command is used to enter a program loaded without a run address, or to jump into any program wits}hout the need for a return address. It may be used to restart the computer (loading the AUTORUN.SYS file,t} if any, or a new DOS, etc...) by specifying "E477" as the jump address. If MEM.SAV is active (enabled with the "Nu}" command and not since disabled by the "L" command), the contents of memory will be restored from MEM.SAV befv}ore jumping to the address specified. N. Load MEM.SAV from a File/Enable MEM.SAV The "Nw}" command takes a binary load file from the disk and loads it into memory, just as does the "L" command. The differencex} is this command enables the MEM.SAV file before loading (and executing) the program; and when control is rey}turned to MYDOS, the contents of memory will be saved back to MEM.SAV. To just enable MEM.SAV, firsz}t enter this DOS menu (by typing "DOS" in BASIC), then press "N" and [RETURN]. O. System and Drive Conf{}iguration The "O" command is used to specify the type (at least logically) of the disk drives on yo|}ur computer and is also used to specify several system configuration parameters such as the number of file buff}}ers provided or whether a RAMdisk is present. The system configuration functions, which are not specific to ind~}ividual drives, are selected by pressing [RETURN] at the prompt "Drive number or RETURN:". The following ta}ble explains all the prompts for system configuration: Verify WRITEs? N=do not write with ver}ify, else do verify Number of File Buffers? The number of disk files that can be open } at once (RETURN = 3) RAM disk present? N=no RAM disk on the system (skips the }next 4 questions as well), else the RAMdisk is enabled, and the next questions } determine what kind it is. [A]xlon or [X]E type? A=Axlon, (RETURN)=XL or XE type. If } Axlon, skip the next question. Use default config for (x)K? N=no, specify parameters. "Y" or } [RETURN] uses the parameters the DOS generated for your type of machine. N}ote that the "x" is replaced by the amount MYDOS User Manual page 10 } Version 4.50 of total memory MYDOS thinks you have. } Skip the next three questions if answered yes. Size(K)? Size of t}he RAMdisk area in K (8 single density sectors = 1K); this must be a } multiple of 16 (NI 256K upgrade=192 OR 128, AXLON=112, default or 130XE=64). Contro}l Address(HEX)? Address of the memory map control port: a RETURN specifies $D301 for the 130XE}. For the AXLON RAMPOWER 128, enter "CFFF" here. Page sequence? [RETURN] if }using a standard Atari 130XE or equivalent RAMdisk. Other standard values } are (1) for the Newell industries upgrade, (2) for the RAMBO from ICD, and (5) for } Axlon or compatible boards. The most general response is to list the page} numbers to be used as 2 hex digits each, separated by commas, and }continuing if necessary by ending the line with a comma. The sequen}ce is ended with a "0" if the RAMdisk is 130XE compatible, and with} a "FF" if it is Axlon compatible. RAM disk drive no? Drive number used to access the RAMdisk } (RETURN for drive 9 or a drive number 1-9) A [RETURN] does not retain the current value when r}esponding to these questions; it changes the setting to a generally acceptable default. Even a BREAK or RE}SET will not leave the configuration unchanged. If the configuration process is aborted for any reason, and yo}u wish to retain your old configuration, you should reboot the computer or properly complete the configuration before do}ing anything else. If instead of a [RETURN], a drive number had been specified, then that driv}e would be reconfigured. The first question identifies whether the drive is to be included in system initialization }(and thus be available for later use). If a non-existent disk is included, it does not cause any problems with the }system: it simply causes that disk to be examined each time the system is booted and reset (adding perhaps a sec}ond to the time it takes to boot MYDOS). If drive is excluded from the system, no further questions are asked. Otherw}ise, the second question asks if the drive is configurable: that is, is it like the ATARI 810 drive (with a fixed} configuration) or is it like the PERCOM or ATR8000 drives. If the disk is not configurable it is assumed to b}e a 720 sector, single or double density ATARI 810/815/1050 disk drive. The third question is wh}ether the drive is a high capacity drive (does it use the modified configuration for non-floppy disks). This is }for hard disks. This should be answered "N" if the drive is a MYDOS User Manual page 11 } Version 4.50 floppy disk drive, and "Y" if otherwise. If this question is answered "Y", the only rema}ining question is the size (in sectors, from 256 to 65535) of the drive. Drives up to 16 million bytes (Megabytes}) capacity can used with MYDOS, and larger drives can usually be partitioned to appear as two or more driv}es of less than 16 million bytes capacity. See your hard disk manual for more information on this subject. } Drives that have not been configured can still be accessed. This configuration is necessary ONLY when forma}tting hard disks, and when using PERCOM or ATR8000 interfaces. Other than the above, the drive configuration is n}ot necessary - MYDOS will figure out by itself what the disk is capable of by its format. If the first} three answers are "N" (do not exclude the drive), "Y" (it is configurable), and "N" (it is not a high capacity drive),} the configuration is asked for: Is the drive double sided, how many tracks are there on the each side of the di}sk, and at what speed can it move the read/write head across the disk (what is its step rate). The first question} is answered with "Y" or "N" ("Y" meaning "yes" it is a double sided drive, and diskettes formatted on it will be double} sided). The second question is answered with 35, 40, 77, or 80 followed by a [RETURN]. If you have IBM }PC/AT style high capacity disk drives (1.2Mb capacity) you may use 77 of the 80 tracks in high capacity mode pro}viding 1 Mb capacity by selecting 77 tracks. No other numbers are accepted. The answer to this question specifies} both the type of drive (8 inch/high capacity 5 1/4 inch, or standard 5 1/4 inch) as well as the number of tracks} per side. This answer is very important to the operation of the drive. The last answer ("Step Rate?}") is entered as a code: use the following table and the drive specifications to determine the proper value: } Code value 8 inch rate 5 1/4 inch rate 0 3 ms/track 6 ms/track (XF-551) }1 6 ms/track 12 ms/track 2 10 ms/track 20 ms/track 3 15 ms/track 3}0 ms/track P. Diskette Density Selection The density used for most MYDOS commands is dete}rmined by the data written on the diskette and the operator need not worry about setting it. The "P" command is} provided to allow forcing the density setting for the format ("I") command, and to permit setting the densit}y for disk drives and systems that do not automatically recognize the density of a diskette when reading }sector 1 (for example, Indus GT drives). Type the drive number, followed by "S" or "D" to set the densit}y of the drive. Example: "2,D". MYDOS User Manual page 12 Version 4.50} Q. Create Subdirectories When a diskette is formatted, an empty directory (the highest } level or root directory) is created. This directory is capable of holding up to 64 files or other director}ies. If additional directories are installed in this directory, each of the additional directories can contai}n up to 64 files as well. A subdirectory is installed in an existing directory using the "Q" command and } responding with the filename of the new directory. For example, if "TEST" and "BAS" are two subdirectories in the r}oot directory of the diskette in drive 1, "1:TEST:COMM" or "1:BAS>COMM" would create a new directory in the "}TEST" or "BAS" directories respectively. "1:NEW:COMM" would not create a directory, however, since the } directory "NEW" does not already exist. A "Q" command with the response "1:NEW" would create it, however, and }a second "Q" command with the response "1:NEW:COMM" would then create the new directory called "COMM" within the} directory "NEW". Each directory takes up 8 sectors, and after it is created it may only be referenc}ed as a directory (followed by a ":" or ">"), or deleted. It may only be deleted if it is empty (if it has no files in } it). A directory may be emptied by using the "D" (delete) command and specifying the files "*.*" or "*.*/N" to remo}ve all the files in the directory. You can most safely do this by specifying the full name of the directory: D5:M}SGBASE>SEPT1983>*.*/N for example. Now to delete the SEPT1983 subdirectory, simply delete "D5:MSGBASE>SEPT1983" (note } no trailing ":" or ">"). R. Set the Default Directory The "R" command is used to select} a directory to be used when a file is referenced without the drive number: that is, when file names such as "TEST}1.BAS" or "D:NEWCODE" or even ":BIGFILE" are used, they are assumed to be in the default directory. Programs run under }MYDOS can access the contents of the current default directory by using a file name of the form "D:..." witho}ut the drive number explicitly entered. They may also set the default directory by calling the CIO Function code }41 (set directory) routine. The directory is set by inserting the diskette with that directory }on it into the desired drive, then entering the file name of the directory with no trailing ":" or ">". } If the diskette in the drive containing the default directory is replaced, or if the default directory on a diskette }is deleted, the default should be redefined. The one exception is if the default directory is the root or } main directory on a diskette: this is because the root directory is at the same location on all diskettes. } V. FILE MANAGER FUNCTIONS PROVIDED THROUGH CIO MYDOS User Manual page 13 }Version 4.50 This part of the documentation is included in the technical notes of MYDOS, so consu}lt those notes for details. VI. CIO FUNCTION CODES PROVIDED BY MYDOS 4.50 This part of th}e documentation is included in the technical notes of MYDOS, so consult those notes for details. VIII}. MYDOS MEMORY MAP This part of the documentation is included in the technical notes of MYDOS, so c}onsult those notes for details. IX. CUSTOMIZING A SYSTEM DISK Much of this section is }covered in the technical notes, but here are some things pertinent to all users. RAMdisk Configurations} The RAMdisk driver included in MYDOS 4.50 will automatically configure itself on XE compatible m}emory upgrades. It is suggested you use this feature. If you REALLY want to set up the system to your specification}s (such as configuring it to NOT use the banks BASIC XE uses), the power is available. This is necessary when } AXLON compatible upgrades for the 800. The default page sequence uses the standard XE banks first. } The file RAMBOOT.M65, the MAC/65 assembler source code for the file RAMBOOT.AUT, is an AUTORUN.SYS file that simula}tes the operation of Atari DOS 2.5 and its RAMdisk handler. It "formats" the RAMdisk and copies DUP.SYS to it, }as well as setting the RAMdisk unit number and the unit used to access the DUP.SYS and MEM.SAV files to 8. } By modifying the code in the source file and creating a modified AUTORUN.SYS file, the drive used to save MEM.SAV }and fetch DUP.SYS can be modified, other files than just DUP.SYS can be copied to the RAMdisk when the system }is booted, or any other operation could be performed that you find useful. Number of Files Open at Once} The number of files that may be simultaneously open is set with the same byte as in ATARI DOS 2: loca}tion $0709 (decimal 1801). This byte contains a number from 1 to 16 setting the number of disk files that may be} open at the same time. Normally it is set to 3, the smallest number that supports all the functions in the MYDOS} menu. Specifically, a copy from one disk file to another requires three MYDOS User Manual pag}e 14 Version 4.50 open disk files. The value in the distributed version of MYDOS 4.50 is} three; to permit more or fewer files, use the "O" command followed by a RETURN. To permanently change the maximum num}ber of files, use the "H" command to write a modified MYDOS system to a disk. Each file that may be open at one }time requires the allocation of a 256 byte buffer, so setting this value to 7 (instead of 3) will cause MYDOS to be} 1024 bytes longer than before, and the programs loaded must begin no lower than $22E9 (instead of $1EE9). In correspo}nding fashion, by setting the value to 1, a BBS program can be loaded in with 512 bytes of additional memory if o}nly one disk file is ever open at one time (commonly true of bulletin board programs). Controlling the }Disk Drives Accessed by MYDOS Like ATARI DOS 2, MYDOS automatically identifies the disk drives that are} present when booted up initially and any time it is reinitialized (some programs do this on exiting to the DOS} and it is always done if the RESET key is pressed). MYDOS 4.50 is distributed with drives 1 and 2 configured,} all others are omitted in order to speed up the booting process. To modify the maximum configuration MYDOS wi}ll use, invoke the "O" command for each drive to be added to (or removed from) the system. Pressing the RESET key wil}l then use this value to redefine the drive. To permanently change the maximum drive configuration, use the "H"} command to write out a new copy of MYDOS back to your system disk. Selecting or Disabling Write-with-V}erify MYDOS 4.50 is distributed with the verify disabled, to speed up writing. Most drives (and disks) }are very reliable, and function with no problems with the verify disabled. However, if you experience problems}, or want to be 100% sure your data written will be good, use the "V" command to enable verify. As with DOS 2.0, }the byte at location $0779 (1913 decimal) controls all write operations to the disk. If the value "poked" i}nto it is $57 (87 decimal), then all writes will be read back to verify the action was successful. If the value "}poked" into $0779 is $50 (80 decimal) then writes will be assumed successful, and will be performed in about one thi}rd the time taken when verify is enabled. Note that this address is not the same as in MYDOS 4.0 and 4.1 (whe}re it was $0770 or 1904 decimal). To permanently alter the DOS, rewrite it back to the disk using the "H" command }after changing it. X. DISK DRIVE INTERFACE (via SIO) This information is covered in the tech}nical notes for MYDOS. XI. RAMDISK INTERFACE This information is also covered in the technic}al notes. MYDOS User Manual page 15 Version 4.50 XII. INITIAL} INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS The following checklist is a procedure to bring up MYDOS on a new hardwar}e configuration. It should be done with an un-modified copy of MYDOS 4.50, and care should be taken to perform the s}teps in exactly the order specified. HOW TO GET FROM THE DRIVEWAY TO THE FREEWAY: 1. Before turn}ing on your computer and disk drive, make sure that you do not have a cartridge installed in the computer. 2}. Turn on the disk drive, and when it stops spinning, insert the MYDOS master diskette. Close the door. 3. T}urn on the computer (with OPTION held if using an XL or XE computer). After several seconds, the MYDOS menu should }appear on the screen. A prompt "Select Item (RETURN for menu):" will be displayed. 4. If you have }a standard 2-drive system with single sided 40 track drives and either no RAMdisk or the standard Atari 1 }30XE memory configuration, continue with step "6". 5. Configure each of your disk drives only if they are hard  } disks or special double-sided (XF-551) or more than 40 tracks by entering the "O" command followed by the drive } number, and answering the questions the program asks you. 6. If you need to run a program that requires more } than 3 disk files active at a time or you otherwise want alter one of the default parameters, press the  }"O" key followed by the RETURN key and answer the system configuration questions. This is also where the }RAMdisk configuration needs to be entered if it is not a standard 130XE RAMdisk. **** 7. Now, insert a blank} diskette in the disk drive and format it with the "I" command (remove the write protect tab if the diske}tte is write protected -- but first ask yourself why you put it there in the first place!). If an error message } is displayed, insert another diskette; the first is bad. 8. Write the system files DOS.SYS and DUP.SYS to the n}ewly formatted diskette with the "H" command and skip to step "10" if you do not have an ATARI 130XE comp}uter or some other RAMdisk usable with the MYDOS RAMdisk driver. 9. If you have an ATARI 130XE computer or h}ave another kind of RAMdisk and wish to use the MYDOS RAMdisk driver, copy RAMBOOT3.AUT on the master dis}kette to AUTORUN.SYS on the new diskette (use the "C" command, and if you have only one drive, enter the }command line "RAMBOOT.AUT,AUTORUN.SYS/X" when MYDOS asks for the file names).** 10. This is now your primary }system backup disk: place a write protect tab on it, label it, and use the "J" command to make as many wo}rking boot disks as you need from it. NOTES: MYDOS User Manual page 16 } Version 4.50 The RAMBOOT3 program will first format your RAMdisk, then copy the files in }a directory called RAMDISK on your boot disk to the RAMdisk if such a directory exists. To take advantage of t}his feature, use the "Q" command to create the directory and copy the files you want on the RAMdisk to it. If }you do not want your ramdisk formatted each time you boot-up, which is not recommended, skip this step (step 9). J}ust be sure you format your ramdisk before using it. ** -- The source file for the RAM disk boot is also in}cluded; if you feel the urge, modify it to copy other files to the RAMdisk in addition to DUP.SY}S (take out the MEM.SAV setting code, too, if you need the space) or perhaps add a call to change the } default disk drive to D8:. Just remember that if you string together several autorun files, only the last will h!}ave its RUN address invoked. **** -- NEWELL INDUSTRIES 800XL UPGRADE -- this RAMdisk can use "} page sequence 0, page sequence 1, or the default. The E3/E7/EB/EF pages can be reserved for BASIC/XE in #} extended mode by setting the RAMdisk size to 128K and the sequence to 1. Enter Size=128 (or 192 if you will$} not be using BASIC/XE often), Control address=D301, and Page sequence=1. In the second case this wil%}l use the area also used by BASIC/XE, but it will access it only after the first 128K are used up. By&} setting the size to 128K, BASIC/XE and the RAMdisk are fully separate and cannot interfere with each'} other. **** -- AXLON RAMPOWER 128 for the Atari 800 computer -- MYDOS 4.50 comes configured for the A(}tari 130XE -- if you are installing it on an 800 with an Axlon RAMPOWER board, you must disable the 1)}28K mode on the RAMPOWER board until you have configured the MYDOS RAMdisk code by entering Size=112,*} Control address=CFFF and Page sequence=5. Then write the DOS back to a new diskette, copy AUTORUN.SYS +} to it, switch the RAMPOWER board back to 128K and boot up the new diskette. MYDOS User M,}anual page 17 Version 4.50 XIII. ERROR CODES AND THEIR SOURCES -} 3 Last byte of file read, next read will return EOF (MYDOS) 128 Break Abort (OS ROMs) 129 IOCB already open .}(OS ROMs) 130 No such device defined in the system (OS ROMs) 131 Write-only IOCB, cannot read (OS ROMs) 13/}2 Invalid command (OS ROMs) 133 Device or File not open (OS ROMs) 134 Invalid IOCB reference (OS ROMs) 10}35 Read-only IOCB, cannot write (OS ROMs) 136 Attempt to read past end of file (MYDOS) 137 Truncated record (1}OS ROMs) 138 Device Timeout (OS ROMs) 139 Device NAK (serial bus failure, OS ROMs) 141 Cursor out of ran2}ge for graphics mode (OS ROMs) 142 Data frame overrun (serial bus failure, OS ROMs) 143 Data frame checksum err3}or (serial bus failure, OS ROMs) 144 Device I/O error (in peripheral hardware, OS ROMs) 146 Function not provid4}ed by handler (OS ROMs) 147 Insufficient RAM for graphics mode selected (OS ROMs) 160 Invalid Unit/Drive Number5}, zero or greater than 7 (both MYDOS and OS ROMs) 161 No sector buffer available, too many open files (MYDO6}S) 162 Disk full, cannot allocate space for output file (MYDOS) 163* Write protected or system error - disk is n7}ot readable (MYDOS) 164 File number in link does not match the file's directory location (MYDOS) 165 8} Invalid file name (MYDOS) 166 Byte not within file, invalid POINT request (MYDOS) 167 File locked, cannot be a9}ltered (MYDOS) 168 Invalid IOCB (MYDOS and OS ROMs) 169 Directory full, cannot create a 65-th entry in a direct:}ory -- entries may be used for "lost" as well as real files (MYDOS) 170 File not in directory, c;}annot be opened for input (MYDOS) 171 IOCB not open (MYDOS and OS ROMs) 172* File or directory of same name alre<}ady exists in parent directory, cannot create (MYDOS) 173 Bad diskette or drive, cannot format diskette (MY=}DOS) 174* Directory not in parent directory (MYDOS) 175* Directory not empty, cannot delete (MYDOS) 180* No>}t a binary file (MYDOS) 181* Invalid address range for binary file, END