@L|}6CD l0C)HCC WhL/h `CmCDiD`  R@P1  Y0@R !L` D  C D     )16CS S)  C)D1 p p 0 C9DI pCDL~CiCDiD` D  C D     )16CS S)  C)D1 p p }0 C9DI pCDL~CiCDiD` DD˙` d J)L !}D L(( LL()  L| L( S LH 0p n  } CY?  q  L L  ` )} `A! d߰")-݆ "  $G@LLL&0") $G% }H0 3S8`G ȱG ȱG   Gȭ Gȭ GG}GHiH8(()) G$H% `(0 })8` d)L ݆ & LGȘ ݆LL d  ! LL d)N>Q  HH) }  hyhyB q L> Lm JJ  Ln*` dB%' }8  H H` 1 { LL   !L     Hh SY?  q  1L }  !? S   q 1 L   Ll  Lg E`L   !L)  q 1L}) `L0AM݊L݉ ML  N݆LLLNLMLHG!@}1F GȱGLLEEȩÑEȑEEȑE Ed E7EȩE  q} L !,0,0SGɛ L 1 !L EHEh W G gLLSROTCES EERF } G) *Gȩ GȽG GȌd q q G`  8   0G  `D}CEDC0X:Ȣ Y ȱC* ? 0.. , 0%n ?A[ 0 : L`L  `, 0`Y}`piH n0)բY? 08`0 }  0$L GGȽG L `8L`L}8`  05G)݁,G)ȱGȱGHh0})Hh` B! 8`8iiiLE`}E8FEh( l0`ɃLL L8^~jj8jHi hEEEiEȱEiE` dTE} H8EEȱEEȩEh J E8   . m  i`LI!)E1FR}1LJ舩9GIH`LJJ`HGHh l`} S gL   8 rii `дCDCG W  }C  Lq` X٨`DOS SYS IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIC`0 ߩ0}}} HE |||DDOS DOSDOS SYS }}}}CDOS SYS} 0`BDELV !B }`LVUQ   ]   TU J ]L!T  #      TU  } L ? .  t`GBJ V~DEHI B V0dV!}QDEHI VF9 ,0 ,0 s0hhL  L` H hDHEh"}DEL8HI   0 HI,0 0  9 .G VLO#},0 L4*IJ`llD1:AUTORUN.SYSNEED MEM.SAV TO LOAD THIS FILE.D1:MEM.SAV J y08 B|DEHI$} V0 0`B;DELV䌚 !B y`@ʆ v s? F0Ξ05: [ BDEHI%} VY8 B V  @  /DE `E:D1:DUP.SYSERROR-SAVING USER MEMORY ON DISKTYPE Y TO &}STILL RUN DOS B;DE J V (` 9 V⪍ ઍ  -'}LLu DEHILV 9 .l 9 .l  `` s$B VBH(}I|DE V BLV nB,DE J V* \*` B V BLVDEHI BLVL)}1u H232435; 1 ;  hh@2 e1i1LHҍ 00) 08 109hh@ Ҡ2e*}1i1232435ޥ<<8a} 3E:}DOS ĠǠĠ V2.0SCOPYRIGHT 1980 ATARIA. DISK DIRECTORY I. FORMAT DISKB. RUN CARTRIDGE J. ,} DISK C. COPY FILE K. BINARY SAVED. DELETE FILE(S) L. BINARY LOADE. RENAME FILE M. RUN AT ADDRESSF. LOCK F-}ILE N. CREATE MEM.SAVG. UNLOCK FILE O. DUPLICATE FILEH. WRITE DOS FILES9!&x#!7&p))'&X*./)L''-؆莟.}R'S  vW DEHHI 1A#! @ ~0ɛ8A0.) ȅ 1 1i/}il ! 1L NO SUCH ITEMSELECT ITEM OR FOR MENU! 0 .{z:*{}.|~ 1 0 00}JB 18L^%|DLl%DIRECTORY--SEARCH SPEC,LIST FILE? # 0 0 n&|D! 1L NOT A DISK FILE1}N !B 1L " 1 !BDED:}:1BJ|DE 1DEBH2}I 1 h0ߢ 0.  0?詛 1 ~0YЛ 1 "L<" "L 3} BL1TYPE "Y" TO DELETE...DELETE FILE SPECCOPY--FROM, TO?OPTION NOT ALLOWED COPYING---DN:4}# 0|D .L$A#B#C#JB|DE 1BHIDD#E 1D#0: B5} 1L B#C#C#B# B 1N#$0SYS1}:e#D# d# D# .d#ȽD# d# 𩛙d#X# 1,A#6}PdD#ELO- A.BJdD#E 1 1HH 0hh|DL^%1}:e# Lt% e#dD#EL%7} 1 0 . .0% 1L WILD CARDS NOT ALLOWED IN DESTINATION 0 A.|K@C}//3Hu ξL/L DRIVE TO WRITE DOS FILES TO?WRITING NEW DOS FILESTYPE "Y" TO WRITE DOS TO DRIVE 1.?}D1:DOS.SYSERROR - NOT VERSION 2 FORMAT. , &* բ( 1L `[) 0NΞ 0 L1M) 1@} L BAD LOAD FILELOAD FROM WHAT FILE?) 0 0#B 1L WHAT FILE TO LOCK?) 0 0$B 1L WHAT FILE TO UNLOCK?DUA}P DISK-SOURCE,DEST DRIVES?TYPE "Y" IF OK TO USE PROGRAM AREACAUTION: A "Y" INVALIDATES MEM.SAV. h B}  `)  <0 2 2 0  ,   ,,ޢ* 1L ,K* 1 ~0 0C}FINSERT BOTH DISKS, TYPE RETURNERROR - DRIVES INCOMPATIBLE., 1 ~038  , 1L D}, &*  Lz+, 0 , 1 ~0 +,0 ,L+ ,mm  v,"ǭE}0Ξ, 05,Lt+L +,Hh` NOT ENOUGH ROOMINSERT SOURCE DISK,TYPE RETURNF}INSERT DESTINATION DISK,TYPE RETURN`    `L,8,0( rG} v,(`ߢ) 1* 1 ~0Y`hhL S SL1) 8`NAME OF FILE TO MOVE?- 0 0|DLtH}% A., 1 <0 0 .@L# .BJ 1  DEHIB V L1 ,5 1 <0,L. I} JB|,A#Pd#DE 1 HI BDEHHII 1 B 1 , 1 <0,0Lf- B VJ},A#P, 1 <0 0L#L ߢ) 1* 1 ~0Yj383}mm ݭK}}`8}``|* ? ɛ,`|:(|/ 1L `DESTINATION CANT L}BE DOS.SYS0 0H{ $22Δ $28/L /) $2 Π $2 0 ξM}hAΞB,0 J 1 BޝDEHI,HDE 1HIHIDELSAVE-N}GIVE FILE,START,END(,INIT,RUN)O X0 1`BDEPHI V` X0H 1 L O}0 0 1L0`PLEASE TYPE 1 LETTER,0`hhL <0 1L0LA1 ,;ɛ7,"ɛ:ݦ1ݥP}A"D|ݤD|ȩ:|ȩ|ɛ,,(/+.ީ1 1,ɛ`轤{Q}NAME TOO LONG B VL ` L1I H1EӝDL1|mDiE` V0`8d/8 i:"2!22 1R} L ERROR- 128ɛ+,' 20*.. өw2 1``2TOO MANY DIGITSINVALIDS} HEXADECIMAL PARAMETER800 0 8 00`,0'D800H,ɛh`2L1NEED D1 THRU D4 uT} HEXADECIMAL PARAMETER800 0 8 00`,0'D800H,ɛh`2L1NEED D1 THRU D4 uq<(6-@K6.0/ U A0a6-@n6..A/ x A0l6-@6. 1A/ & A026r}-@?6. 0AA/ I A0U6-b6. .AAA/l A0E6. --@6@7 A0; s}E APLIGHT #36-@6-@,6. (' 6 A0B6-@S6. &%' ] A0i6-@t}z6. &A%'  A0(x6-@ 6. &AA%' * A066-@G6. &AAA%'Q A0]6-u}n6. &AAAAx A02I6. 1-@6@; A0? I APxLIGHT #4K6-@v}6-@#6.5- A196-@A6.6K A1}6-@6.36.9) A156-@=6.4w}E6.<O A1[6-@c6.3k6.As6.=} A1_6-@6.46.7'6. 1 A1=6-@x}E6.3M6.AU6.8_ A16-@6.46.9) A156-@A6-@I6.3Q6.AY6.Aa6y}.<k A1w6-@6.46.=_ A16. 6.!6.'6.36-@G-@@S"@z}_6-@ A1  APLIGHT #5i6-@6-@#6.G- A196-@A6.HK A1{}W6-@_6.Ii A1[6-@6.J! A1-6-@56.K? A1K6-@S6.G[6.A|}g A16-@!6.H+ A176-@?6.II A1U6-@]6.Jg A1]6-@6.}}K! A1)6. 16. E-@@O A1S ] AP@LIGHT #6Jq6-@6-@#6.5- A~}196-@A6.6K A1W6-@_6.9g6.3q A1T{6-@6.<6.4) A156-@}=6.=E6.AM6.3W A1c6-@k6. s6.7{6.4^ A16-@!6.8)6.A16.3; A}1G6-@O6.9W6.4a A1m6-@y6-@6.<6.AhU 6.3 A1!6-@)6.=}16.4; A1C6. I6.O6.U6.r;6-@#-@@/"@;6-@| A1  A}PLIGHT #76-@6-@,6. (' 6 A0B6-@S6. &%' ] A0i6-@z}6. &A%'  A0x6-@  6. &AA%' * A066-@G6. &AAA%'Q A0]6-@n6. } &AAAAx A0@6. (-@@2 A06 @ APLIGHT #8x6-@6-@}(6.2 2 A0>6-@K6.0/ U A0a6-@n6..A/ x A0l6-@ 6. 1A/ & }A026-@?6. 0AA/ I A0U6-@b6. .AAA/l A0&<6. $-@@. A02 }< APlLIGHT #9v6-@6-@&6. PQ 0 A0<6-@G6. NO Q A0]6-@h6.} LM r A0~6-@ 6.PAAQ A0|6-@6.NAAO$ A006-@;6.LAAME A0P6. } d-@@n A0r | APLIGHT #10x6-@6-@(6. -2 A0>6-@K}6. )+U A0a6-@n6. )A*x A0l6-@ 6. )A, & A026-@?6. )AA+ I A0}U6-@b6.)AAA* l A0<6. $-@@. A02 < AP4LIGHT #11>6-}6-@,6. >$6 A0B6-@S6. >#! ] A0i6-@z6. >#A!  A0Hx}6-@  6. >#AA! * A066-@G6. >#AAA! Q A0]6-@n6. AAAA! x A0R@6.} (-@@2 A06 @ APLIGHT #12q6-@ 6-@#6.Z- A196-@}A6.YK A1W6-@_6.Vg6.Sq A1{6-@6.U6.R) A156-@=6.TE6.}AM6.SW A1c6-@k6. s6.X{6.R A16-@!6.W)6.A16.S; A1G6-@}O6.VW6.Ra A1m6-@y6-@6.U6.AU 6.S A1!6-)6.T16.R; A1}C6. I6.O6.U6.D6-@,-@ 6@8"@D6-@ A1  AP}LIGHT #13 i6-@ 6-@#6.F- A196-@A6.EK A1W6-@_6.Di A1 6}-@6.C! A1-6-@56.B? A1K6-@S6.F[6.Ae A1q6-@y6.E A1} ]6-@6.D! A1-6-@56.C? A1K6-S6.B] A1$ F 6. 6..-@ }6@8 A1< F AP` LIGHT #14j K6-@ 6-@#6.Z- A196-@A6.YK A1}t }6-@6.S6.V) A156-@=6.RE6.UO A1[6-@c6.Sk6.As6.T} A1}~ _6-@6.R6.X'6. 1 A1=6-@E6.SM6.AU6.W_ A1 6-@6.R6.}V) A156-@A6-@I6.SQ6.AY6.Aa6.Uk A1w6-6.R6.T h A16.} 6.!6.'6.36-@P-@ 6@\"@h6-@  A1  AP LIGHT }#15 6-6-@,6. >$6 A0B6-@S6. >#! ] A0i6-@z6. >#A! } A0 x6-@ 6. >#AA! * A066-@G6. >#AAA! Q A0]6-n6. AAAA! x A}0 I6. 1-@6@; A0? I AP( LIGHT #162 x6-@6-@(6.} -2 A0>6-@K6. )+U A0a6-@n6. )A*x A0< l6-@6. )A, & A0}26-@?6. )AA+ I A0U6-b6.)AAA* l A0F E6. --@6@7 A0}; E AP HORIZ. PRINT ROUTINE A"6-%@)"@56-@A6-@ 5"@6}-&@)"56- %" ""!#A%%" 2@@@ H2}%-3(@A-@E H$ VERT. PRINT ROUTINE! A"6-%?P)"@P56-@}A6-@" 5"@6-&?P)"56-# !""#A%!"$ ]2@@}@;2Q"@)"@W6.]6.& j -(@$-%@1(@?-%}@L(@Z-%@g(@j$PRINT MICRO MEDIAQ +@!AV%@-6-@?A }@XQA@T[%6-F:A`,%AV$F:Aa,9%@@[2@}PRINT "MICRO"[-@@+(@ =-@@M(@[-@]6-A&@}$52@@Y2@&@@@] `-@@+(@ =-@}@R(@ `-@]6-Ap&@$52@@Y2@&@@}@] ]-@@*(@ <-@@O(@ ]-@]6-A0&@}$52@@Y2@&@@@] ^-@@*(@<-@}@P(@^-@]6-@&@$52@@Y2@&@@@}] %2G2@d-@@6@p-(}@ -@@  -@@P PRINT "MEDIA"U-@@%(@}7-@@G(@opU-@ ]6-A&@$52@@Y2@&@}@@] Y-@@'(@9-@@K(@ lmnY-@]6-Ap}&@$52@@Y2@&@@@] ]-@@)(@ ;-@}@O(@ ghijk]-@]6-A0&@$52@@Y2@&@@}@] "a-@@+(@ =-@@S(@ bcdefa-@']6-@}&@$52@@Y2@&@@@] ,%2G2@}d-@@6@p-@(@ -@@  gPR}INT "MAGAZINE"hg6-AU!-@ @1(@E-@@M6-&c2@g ri6-}A@!-@@3(@G-@@O6-&e2@i |k6-A !-@@}5(@aaaaaaI-@@Q6-&g2@k 6-A!-@@5(@}``````G-@@[(@ o-@@w6-&2@ 6-@12}CAA2U-@@i(@QWXYZ[{-@@(@ d #A}%!-@@5-@@2F-@8,J"V"`#A%d"*8,"@&-@@}* ]"@)"@72@@'@]2@&@@'@ -2@}@&'@O2@[A i6-%@u!AV6-@I%2@}) E2@@I i%2G2@}i2@PRINT ISSUE DATECAA'-@@ C(@ }Q-@@p%6-%@90@@E"@Q6- A @X)-@A} )%D:MENU%6-F:A4,%AV$F:A5,G6-F:A@,%AV$F:AA,V6-F:A,o'@"P:'@},A&@K6-F:A,%@*6-AV$&;6-P:'AV,K6-&AV$o%@%@}3%@G%@@[%@o%@@,,6."fff}?rr67B:,%@,.Z8 ?0@?x8 rr}67B:,%@,.Z???80 @??x?rr67B:,%@},.Z0?rr67B:,%@,.Z}????rr67B:,%@,.Z}?@`0rr67B:,%@,.Z xx6c} 800008Ɔp8 8<rr67B:,%@,.ZfccDN[_Qkk}rr67B:,%@,.Z???2 THEN 2806 } A@ AJ!AT A SUBROUTINE TO CHANGE PAGESA%AU$  }!A6-@ 6-6-6-6-@%@!A%@(}&$+ } @' A-"' A0 6-6-6-6-5@%@:A%@ }(}D$XREAD TEXT FROM DISK]6-6-_& AF:@,%@&(}bA"A }2l$n*"6@6-@*6-%@v.6-%@!%@+6-@.${ ! $ 6.6 }7B:,%@,.=:, A(>:AU,- @@-6-6@@6-%@ })7B:,"@%C BH @`%6-%@% @A% B##( }} DISK ERROR #F:A,(-A ( @PRINT CONTENTS.-@@.(MICRO MEDIA }MAGAZINE'-@@'( ATARI EDITION4-@@4( September/October, 1982**(" Copyright (C)1 }982 M-Cubed Pub.--(% ````````````````````````````````````N-@@&( Editorial8-@#@N( }Review and AdsO-@@ *( In This Issue<-@#@ O( Front Cover$F-@@!( CUB }E3-@#@F( HOW MANY II.Q-@@+( The 4th Classe=-@#@Q( CASS TO DISK8\- }@@7( >:@4,D>:@4,I-@#@\( DATAXFER II:'-@@'( * = NEXT PAGE }V&-@@&( Ԯ`##@@K:j)@t6-&@d~!! @)! }@A0WWAAAPAAAA A!A"A#N"@!-@ }@2( ǮDAN A /-@@/(Ġٿ٠ҠΩ1)@"@: }Y,'6-@1 A0@ ACASE TABLE"6. D:SOAP3.P6-@"$@$6. D:INTHIS3.P! }6-@$$r6.D:CUBE6-@$%6. D:CLASS4TH.P"6-@ %$ 6.D:D6-@$l 6.D:ADS. }P6-@ $#6. D:INTRO2.3 6-@#$4$6. D:HOWMANY.2!6-@$$.'6.D:DATAXFER.CAS$6-@ }'$ A0  3  $ 1 B"F:A,"A8.6-1$(# 4 $2#"-@B:,"6-@: }7<,,<#\A @2)"@)!A"* AY)"A#)!AIN67<,. R \ AF#=!AX* AP/ ?}ab  ARRAYFILENAMEDISKCHOICEDISKNOPRGMFILECOUNCHOICLOOIOCBPALADDADDADDRHADDRLPAUS} }d +nRR;A(,;@ ,;@ ,;@,;@@,;@,;@,}x226.(ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmn'@@'@@9 +9@@d'}B7t@d9A@AR@#(DISK DIRECTORY(#6.D1: 6.67B:,%@,.*.*}@ @@@@@K:6-@rh7@<@,4 DIS}K CAT)7@<@,4 DUP SYS)7@<@,4 MEM SAVr A 0&7@<@,4 AUTORUN SYS0 }A 6-%@3"@!!@@ 3-@ @8'7@<@,4 FREE SECTORS*(.(8 }A%!@@6-@@% A " 6.,,-@@,7<,4 A 667B:,%@,.7<,}@ J&&7@<@,4 A`T67B:,%@,..^((67B:,%@,.7@<@,h*6-+@}&B:,,* @Ar+-@'67B:,%@,. + |;(7<,);(7@<@,7@<@},67B:,%@,. A  AP@AR@@(-@@}#(( RUN LETTER?)@6-&@d!@&6-&@%% @)!@@)!AP}@@ 6.&&6.7$@&@<$@,-@@)7<,0 )67B:,%@,.7<}, &%"7@<@,4DOS.SYS%.0 A:%-@@#%( LOADING D% @N; @} A0#6-AH/6-AuH;6-AUEXH 6-6-P:'AV,,6-&+$AV,:%@H%@b6}-@B:,"6-@:7<,,2%&@6 l 6-?:,v0-@@#0( CAN'T RUN  -@}A  1-@@#1(  AP D2:D2DADDADDRHADDRLPAUSVsoABFFIL   @ ATA8@2 @! @ }7 +@@1@@97(}""""""" DATAXFER.CAS }"""" PAT McCABE "!!" 24182 RAMSGATE """ MT.CLEMENS,MICH. """" JULY 1982 } """"FOR THE EXCLUSIVE USE BY" """ M.A.C.E. MEMBERS ONLY " !! & MICRO MEDIA MAGAZINE " !!ALL  }RIGHTS RESERVED" D#@@K:DOPE }N KEYBOARD FOR GET INPUT A+11;@,;@,;@,;@,))67@<@,. } -@@(}OL(D THE FIRST THING WE NEED TO DO IS OPEN THE DISK FILE FOR A READ.O(8 }8(/ WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE DISK FILE THAT YOU =7(/WOULD LIKE TO TRANSFER (COPY)FROM DISK TO TAPE?:(=(=7(/HINT }: USE DOS TO FIND THE NAME OF THE DATA FILE:(=(!>>( OPEN #2,4,0,>:@4, >:@4,"A7(.INPUT} FILE NAME D:------------;A(}#u @$6-B:,Z @)!@)7@<@,2A)7@}<@,3Zk( Ԡu @$&%-@B:,!7<,0 % 'D6-&@+67@<@,.D:D}67@<@%,.([( } Ǡ ([(;THAT WAS THE easy PART NOW YOU HAVE TO DO SOMETHING ) @C}3+F A *@@FOPEN DISK FILE FOR A READ- A2B7u@5'B7h@@}9B7dKB7f]B7sAUSET-UP RECORDER FOR A DATA WRITE4W#@@C}:WTHE 8 MEANS OPEN CASSETTE RECORDER FOR A WRITEd%%(}ԠՠŠӠԠՠ-@A(**@}86-%@F(>:,J MOST PROGRAMS WILL NEED TO READ A DUMMEY 128 CHAR RECORDOOYOU MUST PROVIDE A 12}8 CHR READ IN YOUR MAIN PROGRAM ....SEE INSTRUCTIONS3)@*@+6-%@3(>:, F:Ad,"AU}A AdAU`(( CHRS READ.V(9ԠΠϠŠ ٠٠Ϡ` A}"AUA 6-@ A  INFO7( ( ((7(# The file will be read and shown to$$(}you just as it is formatted.0(0(% When you want to stop, press .--(%The program will ask if you want more&}(data to be shown.0 ( (5FF(>PUSH THE RECORD AND PLAY BUTTONS DOWN. HIT ΠϠ.:$XA LITTLE INT}RO FUN]@ -AT6@<2@@@@ b. +@(@#(@.(@l (@} PAT MCCABE'SqK-@@P#A/A ;AGAK t""(@ }v!!(@ data transfer{(@ UTILITY-@A`@+A ?-@}@KAg2@A0@k o AA3AAA72@}A ABA @'A@1 APBBLACK ON WHITE$ WAIT&&( Press ٠ to }continue'AdAU'ARBF:Ad,"AU (4-@@ 8 B A)@ }$ END@@ ( (."@+(.( MANUAL ABORT.6-F:A!},"A0"A6( END OF FILE %"A8%(NO TAPE (OR DISK) "Ai( DISK FULL "}2#"A@)"AB)"AC2( READ ERROR L"Ap/(FILE NOT FOUND ON THIS DISKL(̠ŠԠ#}* "Ac ( SYSTEM ERROR (( CHRS READ.(( U")"A60(NO ERRORS DETECTEDE(ԧӠ$}̠H(K(U A@ 2)A6/(ERROR F:A,2((INSTRUCTIONS PT2 (AFTER GOOD XFER)8A %}@'A@8BLACK ON WHITE9/(' נӠԠŠԠԠҠ9 A8(( }YOU NOW HAV&}E A GOOD CASSETTE8( DATA FILE( .....CALLED ApA INFO +-@@#c'}'(HAVE YOU READ THE INSTRUCTIONS?*(-(0(3(6(9(<(?(B(E(H(K(N(Q(T(W(Z(](`(c(2)@"@x(}(2%D:INTRODUC.TIN::(2I HOPE YOU KNOW WHAT YOU'RE DOING (HE-HE)!!!/(/($POSITION TAPE RECORDER TO THE END OF)},,($THE MODIFIED CASSETTE VERSION OF THE6( MAIN PROGRAM.(6(YOU HAVE MODIFIED/)(!THE CASSETTE VERSIO*}N HAVEN'T YOU?,(/(F AP$DATAXFER.CASBY. PAT MCCABEJULY 1982FOR THE EXCLUSIVE USE+} BY @@M.A.C.E. MEMBERS & MICRO MEDIA MAGAZINEALL RIGHTES RESERVED ooӠ̠͠,}Ġ ԠԠANYˠŠ ͠ҠŠGIVE YOU ANY IDEAS !!!!!D:DA-}TAXFER.CASABFFIL   @ ATA8@2 @! @  5;BrD6E JK V BuD6E͝HI VЭ BBD8E-HI V BD;EJ/}K VMBD@EHI V@.55@>6>6BD@EHI V B VM0}@W   Sii BoD9EHI VMЭL1}5S:} CASSETTE TO DISK COPY 2} by dean wittmann Ŭ 3} ٮ 4} PRESS START TO CONTINUE } 5} 6} PRESS THE return KEY TO START 7} THE PROCESS } IF ANOTHER COPY IS 8}DESIRED, insert another blank, formatted diskette into the disk drive and press 9}start Ŭ ̮ :} C:5͝HI VЭ BBD8E-HI V BD;EJ3EiͩkΩ͙kCopBj`j {j`Hi͝Νh`<}L"LIF.SSERDDA:D"NUR:"LIF.SSERDDA :"?:1,257EKOP:0,017EKOP:"}"?{j`Hi͝Νh`OEiͩkΩ͙kCop j`j {j`Hi͝Νh`!>}L"UNEM:D" NURͩkΩ͙kCop j`j {j`Hi͝Νh` 67<,.>:&A(,3 = AP# # 3 $D:MEN*.*GCUCMPTEMPMEXPLSALINEFPTECNPGMAEXFLERCNAPPTO D ŠŠ Goo)A}d day, ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to another edition of Š Š! With any luck, the last classe was )B}exciting and thrilled you to the point that you are now jumping up and down, waiting to get a shot at FORTH. Jumpin)C}g is no longer necessary, however, because with ŠŠ, you can shoot FORTH to your heart's content (a)D}nd with FORTH, you may end up shooting it before we're through!) FORTH is a stack-oriented l)E}anguage. What's that? Well, that means that before you can give the computer any instructions, you must give it t)F}he variables which that operation will use. Say what? 򠭾 )G} t operation will use. Say what? 򠭾 ( ŠŬ Give it -I}time - it gets worse as we proceed. When you give the computer a number, it is stored - the more numbers you give-J} it, the larger the stack of numbers becomes. STACK!!! Yes, that is where the word comes from. FORTH uses a last-K}-in first- out stack. That means that the last number you give FORTH will be the first number you get back. -L} How do you give FORTH a number? That's the easy part. Type 16. Press [RETURN]. Wow. That's it. No b-M}and, no confetti, no cheerleaders. Just "ok". You mean that did not erase line 16 of the program? NO!!! FORTH -N} use line numbers!!! Let's put some more numbers on the 򠭾 -O} rs!!! Let's put some more numbers on the 򠭾 , ŠŬ stack. 1Q}187 [RETURN]. 10374 [RETURN]. Now let's take some numbers off of the stack. If you wnat to display the numbers, try1R} this. Type a period and press [RETURN]. Thrill! 10374 appeared followed by the "ok" prompt. Try it again. It worked1S} the second time, too! Again. Again. Oops!! ?STACK EMPTY Don't worry about that - bel1T}ieve it or not, that is a FORTH error message (no numbers for errors -- yea and rah!!) 1U} Now that we know how to give numbers to FORTH, let's do something with them. Let's do something really 1V} 򠭾 thing with them. Let's do something really 0I ŠŬ exciting5X} like, well... let's add three and four together! Remember, you must give FORTH the numbers it needs before you5Y} tell it what to do with them. So... type 3 and hit [RETURN]. Type 4 and hit [RETURN]. Now the numbers three an5Z}d four are on the stack, with four on top. We are now ready to add these two numbers together. Ready? T5[}ype + and hit [RETURN]. It didn't do anything! Well, nothing , at least. FORTH took four off of the s5\}tack. Then it took three off of the stack. It added them together and placed the result, seven, on top of the stack5]}. Would you like to see the result of all of the hard work we 򠭾 5^} ee the result of all of the hard work we 򠭾 4 ŠŬ have don9`}e? Good. Type a period followed by [RETURN]. My goodness, we've found the long lost seven! In FORTH, s9a}paces (NOT COLONS!) are used to separate one statement from another on the same line. Let's try another math example9b} to illustrate this. We now want to add seven and nine and multiply the result by 56. This line will do9c} the figuring and print the result... 56 7 9 + * CR . First, the numbers 56, seven, and 9d} nine are placed on the stack. The + symbol adds 7 and 9 together and puts the result on the stack. The * 9e} 򠭾 nd puts the result on the stack. The * 8H ŠŬ will tak=g}e 16 (7+9) and 56 off of the stack, multiply them together, and put the result back on the stack. The word "CR" wi=q}  b'DOS SYSb*+DUP SYSbzUINTRO2 3 b%MENU bD b)DATAXFERCASb .CASTODSKAUTb;AUTORUN FILb=AUTORUN SYS?CLASS4THMARb@CLASS4THP1 bHCLASS4THP2 bPCLASS4THP3 bWCLASS4THP4 b_CLASS4THP5 bfCLASS4THP6 bwCLASS4THP7 b~CLASS4THP8 bCLASS4THP9 SOAP3 MARbSOAP3 P1 bSOAP3 P2 bSOAP3 P3 bSOAP3 P4 ADS MARbADS P1 bADS P2 bADS P3 b INTRODUCTININFO MARbINFO P2 bINFO P3 bINFO P4 bINFO P5 bINFO P6 bINFO P7 bINFO P8 bINFO P1 bINFO P9 bINFO P10b CHARSET1DATb CHARSET2DATbDCUBE bhTHOWMANY 2 INTHIS3 MARbINTHIS3 P1 bINTHIS3 P2 ll produce a carrage return, that is, it moves the cursor down one line. The period will print the number on top of the=r} stack, in this case, the result of 16*56. Easy so far? Let's try something else. We can print nu=s}mbers off of the stack, but what about text? That is easy (famous last words.) If we wanted the computer t=t}o print the word "Hello" on the screen, the command would be... ." Hello". The space after the first quotation=u} mark is required but it will not be printed. 򠭾 =v} it will not be printed. 򠭾 < ŠŬ We Ax}are going to define some variables. Variables are a cinch in FORTH, and you may use as many of them as you wishAy}. The program we are writing is for a bank, so we are going to define some variables like this: Az} 530 VARIABLE BALANCE 37 VARIABLE DEPOSIT 227 VARIABLE WITHDRAWAA{}L The number defines the value which will be assigned to the variable when it is created. "VARIABLE" tellA|}s FORTH that the word being created is a variable. The word after that is the name of the variable. A}} 򠭾 at is the name of the variable. @H ŠŬ We E}are going to update this account for the bank. Here goes... Type the following: BALANCE BALANCE}E @ DEPOSIT @ WITHDRAWAL@ - + DUP . ! Explanation: The name of a variable by itself will give E}the LOCATION where that variable's value is stored.The "@" (pronounced "fetch") will get the value stored at thatE} location.To get the value of a variable, type the variable name, a space, and the @ symbol. DUP will dupliate the topE} item on the stack. If the stack contained the numbers 1, 2, and 3, the DUP instruction would cause the E} 򠭾  3, the DUP instruction would cause the DI ŠŬ stack toI} contain the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 3. The "!" symbol (pronounced "store") will cause the top value on the stack to be I}stored in the location which is the second number on the stack. In our example, we have put the updated accI}ount balance into the variable called "BALANCE." No maore details will be given about this example. Study it - that iI}s really the best way to learn. Until next month, tout le monde, I bid you au revoir! I} 򠭾 bid you au revoir! HW Š ThiQ}s is the editorial column, same as always. The only difference is that the name has been changed to protect the innoQ}cent. This month, I would like to talk about your reasons for buying your computer. No, this willQ} not be the results from our survey - we have only gotten a few responses back from that, and we are still hoping foQ}r more - hint, hint!!! I hear lots of Atari owners say "This is not a game machine!" Come oQ}n, folks! Agreed, most people do not give the Atari credit for being the fantastic machine that it is. "You meanQ} you can program it? You can program those little cartridges?" 򠭾 Q}  You can program those little cartridges?" 򠭾 P Ŭ TheU}n you have to explain that the system they are thinking about is the VCS, and that it does not come close to a real U}computer with disk drives and a keyboard. After all, the VCS is just a toy, but a 400 or 800 is a REAL COMPUTER, U}complete with bits, bytes, and baud! This is just the reason why many Atari computer owners refuse to acknowledge oneU} of the main reasons that they chose the Atari - it plays good games. "Games?" you say. "Why, I would nU}ot touch one of the things. I bought my Atari for business and educational purposes!" Yes, of course, nU}o one buys ! That is the reason that Synapse Software, 򠭾 U} hat is the reason that Synapse Software, 򠭾 T Ŭ On-Line Y}Systems (now Sierra On-Line, Inc.), Adventure International, etc. Keep coming out with more and more games. They havY}e to be selling well because no one stays in business for very long if they are not making a profit. If, for exampleY}, Synapse Software was not making money, its owners would probably take up Π ranching. The people Y}at Sierra On-Line would probably take up ! (If you don't get it, look at advertisements for eY}ither company.) The point is that games are by far the most popular software item for AtariY} computers. There is no use in denying the fact - Ataris are sold 򠭾 Y}  no use in denying the fact - Ataris are sold 򠭾 X Ŭ for thei]}r game-playing abilities. This is a large plus, however. Do not boycott games just because a few poorly informed ]}people do not know the difference between an 800 and a VCS. But if, after your ]}explanation, they still cannot see the obvious differences, pop PacMan into the VCS and load Jawbreaker into the 400]} or 800. The differences should become perfectly clear. 򠭾 ]} ectly clear. 򠭾 \2 נ Thie}s review is for the game, . In reviewing this game, I have only two words of advice: BUY IT! The game}e is somewhat similar to the video arcade game Frog--r (it is probably a good idea not to spell it out), but ie}s MUCH better. The object of the game is to guide your preppie across grass e}and a lake to retrieve his golf ball. He must run between cars, tanks, lawn mowers, a frog (I hate that fe}rog!) and who knows what lies above level seven! There are also boats, logs, crocodiles which sometimes have a nasty he}abit of eating your Preppie alive, and again, who knows what else? 򠭾 e} reppie alive, and again, who knows what else? 򠭾 d ׬ Looi}k, Muffy, the preppie even bends his knees when he walks! He can get splattered all over the place if a lawn mower i}hits him! And look! He's even wearing a popular brand of preppie-style shirt! Wow! is masteri}ful Atari programming. Russ Wetmore has done an absolutely fantabulous job with this one. It is the only prograi}m I have ever seen that people who normally do not play arcade-style games will play again and again (the pi}hrase I have heard the most is "played until his thumb was causing him pain." We all know that this can happen afi}ter a few hours with an Atari joystick. 򠭾 i} n Atari joystick. 򠭾 h ׬ m}Š is an arcade style game for one or two players. A 16K version is supplied on cassette, and a 32K version ism} available on disk. Both programs are $24.95 each. Š may be ordered through the manufacturer at: m} Adventure International P. O. Box 3435 Longwood, Florida 32750 m} or through: DALLASoftware P. O. Box 981 m} Allen, Texas 75002 򠭾  l{()AWFILEPAGESUBJLINELMARMALASLK (@@7@@#@q} @F @2 @ S."D:TEMPINTROd##@@K:n +Y-@@;(q}!(S) SCREEN OR (P) PRINTER (/) ?>(A(D(G(J(M(P(S(V(Y(E A0)@%>:,4PE@@q}P:11;@,;@,;@,;@@,AR@,"4XA% 6.D:X67@q},.b67B:,%@,..MARg @@l@q@v@@q}"4XXA 6.D:67@,.67B:,%@,. (} @@6q}--@#@ -2 6-B:,7<,4&67<,. 26-@>:,4P(q}@( "@A  @R^-@#:( Press ٠ to continueLAq}dAU^AR\BF:Ad,"AU (4-@@`8 B A`)@ARq}@ AP66INFO,.P1,.P2,.P3,.P4,.P5,.P6,.P7,.P8,.P10,.P9,XXX`  '-@"'ARq}( %D:DATAXFER.CAS T-@@#/(TURN ON THE PRINTER5-9 M-@AQ T%D:INTRODUq}C.TIN)AWFILEPAGESUBJLINELMARMALASLK (@@7@@#@p What this program does is transfer disk basic data files over to cassette basic data files. In order ty}o get full use out of thisprogram you will need a cassette recorder and one disk drive. By now you are probably}y asking your-self. This program does what? Well let me see if I can explain. Let's say you would like to back-uy}p your basic disk programs to tape. After all tape is cheaper and you can use both sides w/o fear. It's easyy} to just CSAVE your basic programs but what about those pro- grams that access several files... You're stuck! You can'ty} CSAVE a datafile. page 2 a files over to cassette basic data files. In order tx5 If your disk drive ever needs servicing (heaven forbid) you won't be able to use several of your pro- grams. }} School teachers will be able to makea tape copy to use on the students machine......ect.I'm sur}}e there many other uses .....That I won't elaborate on. There are a few limitations.Random }}access files are out (cassette rec- orders allow sequencial access only) Programs that access several files in non sequ}}encial order can be savedbut positioning the tape all the time could be a hassle. Sorry machine language }}programs are not allowed. page 3  use several of your pro- grams. |V Well that brings us around to name- ing a few programs that can be put on tape. The follow}ing is a sample listing: Starwarrior Crush,crumble,chomp Crypts of Terror (If y}ou can get at the basic program ) Invasion Orion Downhill (atari's program exchange) }Survive (softside disk version) I'm sure there are others. Page 4}ell that brings us around to name- ing a few programs that can be put on tape. The follow One of the first things you must do is convert your DISK program over to a cassette version. The cass}ette version must be able toread a dummy record of 128 zero's because of a minor bug in the oper- ating system.The casse}tte version must open the cassette recorder for a read instead of the disk drive. Finally,the cassette version must } 'GET' the data bytes from the cass- ette recorder and not from the disk drive. } Page 5 o is convert your DISK program over to a cassette version. The cass& The cassette data file should be placed right after the main cassetteprogram. Pretty t}ough huh! Not so... Just follow instructions. The first thing you must do is find where the basic pr}ogram opens the disk file for a read. Running the program & using the break key will help you locate} the line number. page 6 }the line number. page 6  Look for a statement that looks something like this..... OPEN #2,4,0,"D:filename.ext" Change} the statement to look some- thing like this ....... OPEN #2,4,0,"C:" With the only di}fference being at the end "D: vs. ":C" The main program will now give one beep to the cassette recorde}r and read the cassette version of the new data file you created with DATAXFER.CAS. } Page 7  something like this..... OPEN #2,4,0,"D:filename.ext" Change& Now that you have the main program reading the cassette recorder all that's left is to add the dummy record tha}t I talked about earlier. Add this line just after the OPEN statement you modified earlier.Make sure you use the same }first number as was in the OPEN ## statement. For I=1 to 128:GET#2,DUMMY:NEXT I That's all there is to it ! } CSAVE the main program.Add the cassette data file you created with DATAXFER.CAS to the end of the mai}n program and you have it. Page 8 l that's left is to add the dummy record thaI JULY 1982 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USING DATAXFER.CAS } by Patrick J. McCabe 24182 RAMSGATE MT. CL}EMENS,MICH.48043 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED  DATAXFER.CAS O NOW THAT YOU'VE READ AND OF COURSE REMEMBERED ALL THOSE INSTRUCTIONS LET'S GET ON WITH THE FUN PART HI}T ANY KEY TO : RUN"D:DATAXFER.CAS" P.S. THERE IS A SISTER PROGRAM TO THIS ONE C}ALLED DATAXFER. IT CONVERTS CASSETTE DATA FILES OVERTO DISK DATA FILES. } Pat McCabe PAGE 10 OSE INSTRUCTIONS LET'S GET ON WITH THE FUN PART HI: SUMMARY 1) Load disk version of program into memory. 2) Chang}e OPEN statement to OPEN cassette file instead of disk file. 3) CSAVE modified pr}ogram to tape. 4) Use DATAXFER.CAS to create cassette data file. Append to end of program file. } page 9 ion of program into memory. 2) Chang:fffffff>`<|fl0fF68of;p88pf< 80 0 ~~`0 0`<}f =y``nf>ff~fff~~f<flxxlf`````~cwkccfv~~nf}`p~;}@`@p\|pb Fo?ox?d 0x`x`~<~~<}0~0 ~ cs???08 ??`}?00`<|fl0fF68of;p88pf< 80 0 ~~`0 0`< }f ``nf>ff~fff~~f<flxxlf`````~cwkccfv~~nf }6f<6f<?@@ABCDEFG}HIJKLMNOPQRSTUV}WXYZ;@,6-6-@'6-@36-@?6-@K6-@W6}-@c6-@o6-@ {6-@6-@6-@6-@6-@6-@6-@6-@}6-@ 6-@&6-@'6-@(6-@4'6-@536-@@?6-@PK6-@hW6-@u}c6-@wo6-@x{6-@6-@6-@6-@6-A6-A 6-A6-A }6-A('6-A036-A2?6-A3K6-A4W6-A8c6-AAo6-AD{6-AE6-AF6-}AH6-AW6-AY{6-Ah6-A'6-A36-A?6-AK6-AVW6-B2yc6-A}ho6-Ai{6-A `dM;,9<,6-+#0- A@9ARM6-P:?$I:,,e&6-$P:',}9,;,& ASfg #A h55304,300,296,524,604,684,936,940,944,716,636,556i&&56,60,64,144,224,220,216 },136,140jk #A l55216,220,224,556,552,548,544,540,536,532,528,524mMM296,300,304,384,464,460,456,376,380!},556,636,716,712,708,628,548,552,632oMM944,940,936,856,776,780,784,864,860,684,604,524,528,532,612,692,688,608qr #"}A s4456,136,216,296,376,456,536,616,696,776,856,936t))524,528,532,612,692,688,684,604,608uv #A#} w22684,688,692,696,700,704,708,712,716,64,60,56x))776,780,784,864,944,940,936,856,860y   A&PUSH/PULL$}z@# 6-6-6-6 $6-*6-06-66-<6-@ {@# 6-6-6-6 $6-*6-06-66-<6-@%} |Y# 6-6-6- !#'6--6-1 5#;6-A6-E I#O6-U6-Y }% 6-6-6-6-!6-&}% ~@# 6-6-6-6 $6-*6-06-66-<6-@ @# 6-6-6-6 $6-*6-06-66-<6ɪ'}-@ Z# 6-6-6-6 "#(6-.6-2 6#<6-B6-F J#P6-V6-Z % 6-6-6-6-!(}6-%  # 44944,864,784,704,624,544,464,384,304,224,144,64))548,552,556,636,716,712,708,628,632 ê)}  SPIN@# 6-6-6-6 $6-*6-06-66-<6-@ @# 6-6-6-6 $6-*6-06-*}66-<6-@ @# 6-6-6-6 $6-*6-06-66-<6-@ @# 6-6-6-6 $6-*6-06+}-66-<6-@ @# 6-6-6-6 $6-*6-06-66-<6-@ ?# 6-6-6- #6-)6-,}/6-56-;6-?  #AC 55784,780,776,692,612,532,456,460,464,548,628,708))536,540,544,624,704,70-}0,696,616,6203 -"68,-,2P:H:,$,0 3$M -&678,<8,%,.78%,,* 2-M678,<.}8,%,.78&,,   $/ 6-6-6-6 "6-(6-/6-6U  6-6-6-6-%6-) /6-56-/}<6-6B H6-N6-U6-6)  6-6-6-6-%6-) 06-8<,%7<,4>:,,67<,.>:,0 0}67<,.>:, I6-F:A`,%$F:Aa,36-F:%,%$F:%,I6-F:,%$F:A5,F6-F:A@,%$F:,!6-&1},6-P:',66-&$>%F%# %%%#%> 6.>:,67<,."67<,., A)6 A2}: > -O:,6.B5AAAAA!;6.? B$@ 26-8<,&@:73}<,,!)&@ERROR ON SCREEN DATA7 6-  6-8<,#6-6' -"36-7 "@!%"@"4}+"@# Ax"@$ A " AQ 6- % T:,"" Au5}%$ 6-R:,"@   *  "6-8<,$ "6-8<,$ "6-8<6},$6-8<,$  *!6- A !*  6-8<,$  B:,"6-6- M6-B7}:,&6-@:7<,,/6-6A:7%<%,,:6-8<,E6-8<,M-+ 6-%67<,.+ +67<,.-=#67%<%8},.>:@:7%<%,,%,' 567<,.7,=-I67%<%,.>:@:7%,,%,# --E67<,.>:@:7<,,%,I & 9}6-& 6.6-" & P6.7<%,-(6-@:7<,,:6-A:7%<%,,E6-8<,P6-8<,767<%:},.7,-%367<,.>:@:7,,%,7 G67%<%,.7,6-%%-C67%<%,.>:@:7%%,,%,G +-%;}%'67<,.>:@:7,,%,+  6-&      1-%8<,*67<,.>:@:7<,,%,. 1$6<}67<,.>:,%67@)<,.7,367<,.7,6$( -!67<%,.7,% ($ B:,"6.7<,,67B:,=}%,.>:,"@:7<,,, A>-A6&67<%,.7&,* >67<A`,.7,0 6-8<,6-8<,->}67<%,.7,0$K6-8<,&67@7<,.7<%,16-B:,%C67<%,.7%,K6-%< -%%67<,.>:@:7<,?},&,) 96-A:7<%,,<$] 6.](I} Use this program to aid your mastery of moves performed upon a 'solved@}'rR(Jsix-color cube. The cube is displayed flat -- (imagine cube edges sliced,r(the bottom face folded up,^/(' tA}hen that hollow cube crushed flat!)!2(^(&Special characters display to show the['(edge connections that were cut.*B}([(,Use BACKSTEP function to reverse your moves.n(n(bNow you can always have a solved cube so that you can see what rC}esults occur from various moves. MM(EThen use those move combinations to solve your real scrambled cube!' -$D} 6.6-#6-' I #A--!",68<,->2P:H:,$,B F I$WW403,7,5,7,0,9,9,3,5,E}12,2,14,9,9,43,2,1,8,14,9,9,123,3,8,6,14,9,9,203,3,6,5,14,9,9ZZ243,8,4,7,16,9,9,163,4,3,4,14,9,9,843,3,5,9,18,9,9,83,2,2,F}3,14,9,9,789,4,7,10,21,8,8bb829,2,9,11,22,8,8,869,7,10,12,23,8,8,909,4,11,1,24,8,8,949,4,12,1,25,8,8,50,3,15,15,20,26,26G}YY169,3,14,14,20,26,26,286,3,17,17,20,26,26,325,3,16,16,20,26,26,809,3,19,19,20,26,2666889,3,18,18,20,26,26,255,255,25H}5,255,255,255,255qq67<@,.\ottomQnearedge E&ar]  @ 4opZI}_|ww67A<,.bottom|memory ,eftP`2ight  ]||J}67A<A,.d.ear^CT{c by0ushpullARRRRRRRRRRRD2!9-/.$7\\\  K}67A<A,.e 0/,/.%  ]]]|&ar|;39:9'9 -)#2/7!2%L}*/67A<A,.d934)#+||/& 4%8!3=QRRRRRRRRSRRRM}RRRRRR~~67A<A,.cRRSR RRR RRR RET||{|,eft|4op|2ightN}|P~~67A<A,.c||`||||@O}|uu67A<A,.Z| ZR RRR RRR RSRRRRRRRRRRRSRRRRRRRRCQ____E 2%3%4P}WW67A<Ag,.<\  ]|.ear|%.$3pincube ii67Ap<A G,.N!#+34%0Q}]  \||(%,03Z____C 667<,.>:,67<,.>:,-67<,.>:,36.6$R} F:, $ F:,&B7tF:, $5%-F:,%$F:A1,F:,%$F:,1AU5 )F:,%$F:A9,%&S}D:CUBE)D:CUBEQQQQ1Q1Q1Q1Q1Q1Q1Q1Q2Q2Q2Q2Q3Q3Q4Q5Q6Q7Q7Q7Q8Q8Q9Q9Q10Q10Q11Q12Q12b3u3COUNMETOPBOTTOMNAMEXYCHECKTENCOUNCLOORUNULLINENZCHECKSUBCHECKXCHECKYCHECKSUBXSUXU}YCHECKXCKPLAYTWENTYCOUNSUZCHECNNNNNNNNNNN1N1N1N1N1N1N1N1N1N1N2N15N210N650N250M15N3@V}@@@B@  <A SA  @@W}@Ae Ag1AO@@AFAA503 X}@!"P#@$@!%@&'@(@)@*@+@,@-@.@/@ Y}0@1@2@3@4@5@6@7@8@9@:@ ;APA%?Z}@$$ "HOWMANY.2" (Revision 1.0) A0E (}-( נٿ"(E( Copyright 1982 by G.L.[}Kopp Y -.( 4-Y(  VAR-4(WHICH \}CHARACTER SET DO YOUV( WANT TO ENTER.... OR ? K: ( )("@I)"@P@ ! -]}(TRY IT AGAIN...! B -( %-B(LOADING CHARACTER SET...##ABP:F:AB,&@^},6-F:AB,$AV/"@I/D:CHARSET1.DAT/"@P/D:CHARSET2.DAT_}-%A )  o -(OKAY. #-A%' 7( HERE WE GOH-6@h2`}$@%@%o(O5 -  52&&6. `a}#"@I6-Ae $%"@P6-Ae0% @P(0&6.abcdefghijklmnwwqrstuvwxywz{0 A520&6.abb}cdefghijklDnopqrstuvDDyzDD0 A5d   i#( ( (#( HOW MANY j4 A-@6$(,-c}0 4 nW AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A   $ - d} #( ( (#( HOW MANY 4 A-@6$(,-0 4 W AR(((!(e}A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A   $, -  1#( ( (#( HOW MANY 24f} A-@6$(,-0 4 6W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M g}W AJ   $ -  #( ( (#( HOW MANY 4 A-@6$(,-0 h}4 W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A   $ -  i}#( ( (#( HOW MANY 4 A-@6$(,-0 4 W AR(((!(A(j} BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A   $X -  ]#( ( (#( HOW MANY ^4 Ak}-@6$(,-0 4 bW AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W l}Av   $ -  #( ( (#( HOW MANY 4 A-@6$(,-0 4 m}W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A   $  -  %#n}( ( (#( HOW MANY &4 A-@6$(,-0 4 *W AR(((!(A( o} BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A>   $ -  #( ( (#( HOW MANY 4 A p}-@6$(,-0 4 W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A q}   $ -  #( ( (#( HOW MANY 2 A-"( *-. 2 W r}AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A   $L -  Q#( (s} (#( HOW MANY R2 A-"( *-. 2 VW AR(((!(A( BETTERt} COUNT AGAIN...I-M W Aj   $ -  #( ( (#( HOW MANY 2 Au}-"( *-. 2 W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A  v} $ -  #( ( (#( HOW MANY 2 A-"( *-. 2 W Aw}R(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A2   $x -  }#( ( (#( x} HOW MANY ~2 A-"( *-. 2 W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAy}IN...I-M W A   $ -  #( ( (#( HOW MANY 2 A-"(z} *-. 2 W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A   $@ {}-  E#( ( (#( HOW MANY F2 A-"( *-. 2 JW AR(|}((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A^   $ -  #( ( (#( HOW MAN}}Y 2 A-"( *-. 2 W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-~}M W A   $ -   #( ( (#( HOW MANY 2 A-"( *-}. 2 W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A&   $l - } q#( ( (#( HOW MANY r2 A-"( *-. 2 vW AR(((!(A}( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W A   $ -  #( ( (#( HOW MANY 2 } A -"( *-. 2 W AR(((!(A( BETTER COUNT AGAIN...I-M W }A    $4]-6-P:H:,$@,$@%@9A KA]A>l!@}16-++&@,$@,%@=6-@^-@%H:,$@b l A!`R6-P:H:,$@,W}]]"@)"@)"@)"@)"@ )"@)"@)"@A!0\6-P:H:,$@,a]]}"@)"@)"@)"@)"@ )"@)"@)"@A!@f8%,"@A!0k68%},-@p# -#(@7<%@,z+-%@+(@7<%@,m32P:H:,$@@,}@@G-@@K m2$ +@%@ )-@@)(}@RIGHT! -@@ -@@;A+%'@,$$'@o2+%'@,$$}'@@@-@@     SAA'-@@;(@RIGHT!O-@}AS  %%2 $ +@%@#A0 !AA(!6-} -@@ " ,@ Y#"@)"@)"@O2A&$@@@}Y A0E //2AU&$@ @@ /-@@ /A0` -@@0}  %%2 / /"@)"@)"@A1P &&72,239,215,155,109,65,238,2}17,31 &&104,79,247,155,205,97,78,249,191 ''200,111,87,155,237,193,110,89,159 ''232,207,119,155,77,225,206,121,63 &}&72,239,215,155,109,65,238,217,31 -@A  6- + #A0!-@@+ A0N )6}-%@ )"@A1X -@@P b Q-@@1(@ A PRE-SCHOOLQ(@} COUNTING PROGRAMl hh;@0,;@0,;@ ,;@,9@ ,9@ ,9A ,9@P,9@ ,q }w6-6-@'6-@/6-%76-%?6-%G6-$O6-%W6-$_6-%g6-$o6-%w6-$r C 6-}%6-$6-%#6-$+6-%36-$;6-%C6-$s 36-AP6-A!'6-Ae36-A%v /-@}A %+/ @ 2-AA A.68,-2  6-@@&68,-* 6}6- -@@  F/6-A$+P:H:,$@ ,%@,F8,"@A5 68,-@ }   A@C+@%@)-@@C6-P:H:,$AV, @!A!A@};"@)"@;2@`@@;"@)"@;2@@@@};"@)"@;2@@@@1"@12@A!@@1"@12}@A!@@,@@'/@@9,@@K/@@],@ @o}/@@,@ @/@@,@@/@@,@@/@@},@@'/@@9/@ @K/@"@]/@"@ o/@ @/@@}/@@ /@@,@@',@ @9,@@ K,@ @ ],@}@o/@ @,@!@/@!@ ,@ @/@@,@@ '/@}@9,@$@K/@$@],@%@o/@%@ ,@&@/@&@,@'}@,@'@,@(@'/@(@9,@)@K,@0@]/@0@o},@1@ /@1@,@2@/@2@,@)@,@@'/@@ }9,@@ K/@@],@@o,@@,@@,@@,@@}/@@,@@'/@@ 9,@@ K/@@],@@o/@}@ ,@@ /@@,@@,@@,@@'/@@ 9,@}@K,@@],@@o/@@ ,@@ /@@,@@,@}@,@@'/@@ 9,@@ K/@@],@@o/@"@},@@/@"@,@#@ '/@#@9,@$@K/@$@ ],@&@}o/@)@,@0@/@3@,@'@,@2@,@&@'/@(}@9,@1@K/@3@],@)@ o/@)@,@0@/@0@ ,@5}@'/@9@9,@5@K/@9@],@9@o,@9@/@7@,@7}@,@8@K,@7@',@8@9,@7@ K,@8@ "@A@}i%2G2@i2@ -@}A A2c2@2@2@}-@@P '+@%@'A@O-@@0 /-@}@ OAP:H:,$AV,76-P:H:,$@,76-P:H:,$@,''2$@ }@ - (@ HOW MANY?-@@  - (@  D-@@},(@ HOW MANY?@-@APD =%29-@AU= p9+@}%@'A@9AAIzr-@@.(@ DO YOU WANTM(@ TO PLAY AGAIN?_-}@@r(@(Y/N)AdAU-F:Ad,"@5*AdAU-4F:Ad,"@C*}AdAU4 A`` A`0H(@.(@NEW CHARACTER SET?H(@ (Y/N)4F:Ad},"@5*AdAU4 A5JF:Ad,"@C*AdAU5@@@J @ A`p}d<%6-P:H:,$@,%@<8,"@Aei#n-@"" s68,-@uY-@}@ "6-%8,& 2"AF-@@U68,-Y xdd1,KEYS,3,PLANES,5,HELICOPTERS,7,AIRPLANES},9,RABBITS,11,FACES,13,DUCKS,15,SHIPS,17,SPACE ROBOTS}GG19,KANGAROOS,21,BUTTERFLIES,23,FISH,25,STEGOSAURS,27,ROCKET SHIPS}gg1,CATS,3,TYRANNOSAURS,5,FACES,7,APPLES,9,HOUSES,11,SPACE INVADERS,13,HAMMERS,15,JETS,17,ELEPHANTS7719,OWLS,21,HEADS,}23,ALLIGATORS,25,BIRDS,27,WHALES*-@7&68,-* * +@*AVF:AB,&@'A}'A$ D:HOWMANY.2ENCOUNCLOORUNULLINENZCHECKSUBCHECKXCHECKYCHECKSUBXSUX8 ΠӠŠ In th}is issue, you will find another fantastic front cover by Mike McFarlane! You will find another 4th Classe, an updat}e to the HOWMANY educational program in our last issue,and a review of the game Preppie by Adventure International.} You will find DATAXFER.CAS which will transfer your disk data files to cassette for easy backups. You }will find CASS TO DISK which is a machine language utility to transfer your bootable cassette based programs and p}ut them on a disk. Choosing this option from the menu will take you to DOS, from which point you should select op}tion "L", BINARY LOAD. The program name is CASTODSK.AUT. Then, 򠭾 }  The program name is CASTODSK.AUT. Then, 򠭾  ΠӠŬ just }follow the instructions. You will find a simulation of the famous cube puzzle IN THIS ISSUE. Use your joystick to sele}ct the correct option and press the joystick button to make the selection. D is a disk directory} program which will work on most machine language programs as well as BASIC programs. And... last but not l}east, my editorial this month tells you what you can do with your computer. (If that isn't tempting, I don't know w}hat is!) 򠭾 w|