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PiLPhPhPPP PLPPHPH`HI BLV P}`@짠򠠠 W}Πռ Š Our user X}group continues to prosper! ۱ Exit To Basic ۲ Exit To Dos ۳ Printer Config  Y}ԠSPACEBARϠΠà͡ READ/PRINT ALL Z} NOTE: This DISK J/S to read Scr may contain .BAS Bulk Formatter & .COM files. Emulators - II [} **** Newsletter Rev. Check Directory for more .COM or BASIC p \}rograms! Check 報 for more OHAUG news articles!! ]}  for more OHAUG news articles!! -|Vol: he ||Issue: || _}   || Our 8-bits   Talk to ||will survive  each || if YOU `}   other and||participate!  we'll all||   learn! || a} ||  ||--> <--|| b}  ||  || Atari User Group Inc.(c)1985 |*** Alan Sharkis, Edc}itor ****** 43 Rose Drive ****** East Meadow, N.Y. 11554 ***d}|Charter Member NEAR*US ATARI USER Gp.|| 㮠 |e}|Charter Member NEAR*US ATARI USER Gp.|| 㮠 |`!`H$-%.HH \hhh(`.HM)   !h(L`N) !"`3g}!3:,*2B:,"@A( A(} / +@-/(@TURN DISK OVER( /-@/(@THEN PRESS ANY KEYZ 5AdAU)(}& A'5% D:PROG.BAS o+A%A @7-@@Q(NO PROGRAM THIS MONTHc-@@(}oAR B'(FLIP DISK AGAIN AND PRESS A KEY1 A'8)B A 6 (}-@ @ 6( What's Your Ple(}asure?" _B7t@d'@@d9-@@X(enu rint ead: _)T 8"@w((.((} Main Menu....8 A "@AT 8"@((.( Read File....8 AGP .-B:,(}6. D1:**.TXT.67<,.7<, F A2A )5@<(}F A4N   A 4(}F:A,"A6*@@@4 A7P **"@e*F:A,"ApA1P pA @4@e*F:(}A,"Ap:(}L-@@p(Not In This Months News Letter ! AGP AGP! A1PH TA @(}'A@hT((} 짠򠠠z 00(( à aB7(}t@d'@@d4@8(D@waF:Ad,"AFA7P F:@, @"A5E((}3(' 堒EAdAUB''F:Ad,"AU*T:,"A6Pt%AdAU(}(}% A4PZAdAU(0(Z($Press a Key or Trigger for Next File''F:Ad,"AU(}*T:,"A8 *@@@'AdAU*$<NA %6.D1:PRESSPRT.MNU*5G@(}@@N(}n((6-C:hhhhh Ȅԩ`,!A@h!A " AA(" A@P(}A @6QB7t@d'@@d9-@@ J( Selection: Q)h!!"@i)"@eA(}H"@xADP"@c' A@AAP0K AE(}3D1:PRESSPR(}T.HLP= A4G A9KÛbC6-@f6-@V!6-'6-36-@96-C ARS6-F:A,"A6(}E(! Viewing Complete Press Any KeyL)O$SÛU (}-@@'"A8K(Your Printer is Not On Line(}...U AGP<"Ap2(Printer Help File Not Found...< AGP*= (}-@@3(ERROR # F:A,(}= AGP\ A9-A $7@6-!"@e'6--6-7 AIPF (}-"(PRI(}NT STYLE?0( . DRAFTF(. DOUBLE STRIKE$0)@6-&@d0 )!AHPVU (}-3( PAGE COLU(}MNS & LINE SPACING?U(. 2 COLUMNS AT 6 LINES/INCHh%(. 2 COLUMNS AT 8 LINES/INCHG(. 3 COLUMNS AT 6 LINES/INCH(}h(. 3 COLUMNS AT 8 LINES/INCH( )( @e)!@hAIPg6-@f6-@V'6-@-6-C"(}@f)"@hO6-@[6-@g6-@v!@f6-PI (}-!( PAPER TYPE?4(. CONTINUOUS(}I(. SINGLE SHEETS( )( @e)!@fAR"@f6-&'Û$M@6-%6. D(}1:**.TXT+6-16-=6-BC"M A9JY (}-,(ll, dd, ven, or8-@Y(irst Odd, the(}n Even Pages| )55@e*@y*@i*@pATPT6-+"@p,-@D( very Page o(}r artial Block?HT6-@y( )(@i*@AVPD"@iAYPv:( First Page?  AWP(},@: AWP 6-P:,:( Last Page?  AXP,@: AXP  6-P:,>0 A`(}&@P:0 A`Pp<.(&Check your printer, then press .2< AYP 6. AU(} (}-9(LOADING BUFFER with Page %...U(Use -P to Pause+(Use -C to Cancel+-@(}8^*("Every Page must be Loaded, even if6-@R(it isn't to be Printed.^-@j= 6. 67,.67,.#6(}.)6.16-%=@w/ - A6-'6-@@/-"F:Ad,"A8" A,F:Ad(},"AF", A2& &AeAePAfd67<,. AfP67<,. AfP67<(},.! 6-%6-%@9 ! ,"F:Ad,"A8" A^,F:Ad,"AF", A (}Ay..'@"P:'@,*"@yAy..'@P:'@,*"@iAy&9 A&@(}P:,"9(@=X "(G6  '6-+",$%+",$+@&,6(=:,N ((((}":6-+",$@ %+",$@G*@'N*: 6-6-@@-$6.*":6.  "F:(}Ad,"A8" AR,F:Ad,"AF", A<67B:,%,.7<,)67B:,%,.7<,<67B:,%,.7(}<,"6-?::A%,P APZ,} Ad An A x A p$$******************************DIM SECTION11;@,,};@,;@5,;@,$$$******************************SCREEN COLORSX-@@8(WHAT ,}SCREEN COLOR DO YOU WANT?D6-X6. H( ( (( 1: NORMAL+(2: AMBER:(3: GREENH(4: ,}GREYB A -@@4(SELECT A NUMBER8B BT  @)!@)P:,#(J("ERROR: SELECT A,} NUMBER FROM 1 TO 4T A ''APA`ApA1AAH'A @1 A1A,}@X'A 1 A1A@D'A 1 A1A@'A ,}1 A"$,""****************************6 MENU@(>:A%,6-(6-46-@6-,}L6-X6-c6. r6.>:AS,6.# J0-@@0(2 DR,}IVE BULK FORMATTERT0-@@0(======================Y1-@@1(PROGRAN NEEDS Ҡ^*-@,}@*(Ǡպh)()(1. Single Density NO DOS.SYSr$$(2. 1050 Density NO DOS.SYS|&&(3. Dou,}ble Density NO DOS.SYS(((4: Single Density WITH DOS.SYS&&(5: 1050 Density WITH DOS.SYS(((6: Double Densi,}ty WITH DOS.SYS.-@@* SELECT A NUMBER.m  @)!@)P:,2-@(@8( ;(c(#,}ERROR - SELECT A NUMBER FROM 1 TO 6m A ;(>:A%,"-@@;(Press to stop!C-@@,}?($How many attempts at FORMATTING(1-5)C*  @)!@)P:,* AP7-@@ 3(How many di,}sks to FORMAT7D A-@@6( side or sides:D B(( @)!@)P:,A,}"@6-$@AR@>-@@>($Remove program disk and press  F:B2,}y,"@AP A0&<-@@<("Insert blank disks and press 0 F:B2y,"@A,}: A`DARN!@6-@X$b""****************************lFORMATTING MODULE,}v"(>:A%,"AR@d-@@ 4(NOW FORMATTING IN Š@6-R@wdA,}@rA"@!-@@=(INSERT DISK IN DRIVE #2A(I"@!-@@E(INSERT/REVERSE,} DISK IN DRIVE #2I(<6-%@#-@@<(Ӡ = @ "-@@(1-@@,}@( LAST SIDE!q A#"@)"@LAS@@3D1:^-@@q(SINGLE,} DENSITYs A#"@)"@LAS@@4D1:^-@@s(ENHANCED DENSITY,}y A#"@)"@TAS@@ D1:h??R?DA@f-@@y(DOUBLE DENSITY5,}"@!-@@5(WRITING DOS.SYSB"@7@@ D1:DOS.SYSB@-@,}@("A Pd-@@ 4(NOW FORMATTING IN Š@6-R@wdAA,}P<6-%@#-@@<(Ӡ =  @ "-@@(1-@@@( LAST S,}IDE!A"@!-@@=(INSERT DISK IN DRIVE #1A( I"@!-@@E(INSERT/REVERSE DIS,}K IN DRIVE #1I(*q A #"@)"@LAS@@3D2:^-@@q(SINGLE DE,}NSITY4s A #"@)"@LAS@@4D2:^-@@s(ENHANCED DENSITY>y ,} A #"@)"@TAS@@ D2:h??R?DA@f-@@y(DOUBLE DENSITYH5",}@!-@@5(WRITING DOS.SYSRB"@7@@ D2:DOS.SYSB@\-@,}@(f"A Pp A@z B6-%@* " AP (>:A%,* A` A,} B6-%@* " AP (>:A%,* A@ A$!!*************************** E,}ND"(>:A%,"AR@(-@@((END OF PROGRAM-@A  " +AR,}"$!!***************************FORMAT ERRORG(>:A%,"-@@?(PLEASE LABEL SIDE,} AS BADG($1-@@1(PRESS TO CONTINUE."F:B2y,"@" A8 ApB " ',} A L$V!!*************************** @PP P P,}PZ @PP P P,0 SUPER BULK FORMATTER -------------------- by Ron Fetzer member of the OL' HACKERS ATARI USERS GROUP0} How many times has this happenedto you? You write a program and whenyou are ready to save it you realizethat 0} you don't have any disk spaceavailable. You can't go to DOS toformat a new disk because you willlose the prog0}ram in the memory. TheSUPER BULK FORMATTER will solve thisand some other problems. Not only willit format disks but 0}it will do it inthe fastest possible time. In additionyou can also add DOS.SYS. to the disksas they are being formatted. 0} You canformat the disks in all 3 densities. DUP.SYS. is not written to the diskbecause there is no way to call i0}tfrom BASIC. If you need a lot offormatted disks such as DiskLibrarians, Newsletter Editors or forcopyin0}g this is the program for you. MASTER DISK: To make a masterdisk, format a disk in single densityand put SUPER0} DOS on it. Then copy thefile BULKFORM.BAS from the newsletterdisk on your newly formatted disk. DoNOT use the file BULK0}FORM.BAS with thenewsletter otherwise you could formatthe newsletter and erase all filesfrom it. If you do not have 0}SUPER DOSyou can order it from our library. Wehave 2 disks with SUPER DOS vers. 5.1on side B of the disks. Library disk 0}#602 is a game disk and library disk #537 is a disk with utilities. You canorder each disk for $3.00 includingshippi0}ng from our librarian HAROLDPEGLER. REQUIREMENT: This programREQUIRES SUPERDOS and 2 disk drives.SUPER1}DOS returns an error code when aformatting error is encountered. DOS2.5 dos not send an error code butkeeps trying 1}to format forever. ALLthe format XIO commands are forSUPERDOS and they will NOT work withDOS 2.5. FEATUR1}ES: This program willformat from 2 to an unlimited amountof disk at one session.You can specifyhow many attempts1} at formatting(1-5)You can format a side or sidesin SINGLE DENSITY, 1050 DENSITY orDOUBLE DENSITY. Your disk 1}drives mustbe capable of formatting in thesedensities. If you try to format inDOUBLE DENSITY on an unmodified 1}810disk drive your computer most likelywill lock up because an 810 drivecannot do DOUBLE DENSITY. You canform1}at 1 side or 2 sides. You canwrite DOS.SYS to the sides as they arebeing formatted. If you encounter aBAD SIDE the1} program will stop and letyou label the side. To continue pressSTART and the program will go to theother disk. OP1}ERATIONS: While one disk isbeing formatted you are asked toINSERT or REVERSE the disk in theother drive. Yo1 }u have plenty of timeto do this (about 50 seconds perside.) LIMITATIONS: The MINIMUM amountof disks you ca1 }n format are 2. Thereis no MAXIMUM amount. If you format anodd number of disk on 2 sides the LASTSIDE will be in the 1 }wrong drive andwill not be formatted. You canovercome this by specifying an evennumber of disks and format o1 }ne sidetwice. This program is in the PUBLICDOMAIN. If you have any comments orsuggestions they are welcome. 1 } Pleasewrite to: RON FETZER, 22 MONACO AVE, ELMONT, N.Y11003, N.Y. USA>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>END<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< welcome. 0s *+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+* NEWSLETTER REVIEWS by Alan Sharkis OHAUG Newsletter Li5}brarian The flow of newsletters from other user groups seems to have caught up a bit. I can't say with certainty that5} all are coming to my address, but I hope they are. It would delay getting them reviewed if they went elsewh5}ere. Sadly, some of the newsletters we sent to other user groups were returned, and I have to assume that 5} those groups are no longer in existence. Has anyone heard, for example, that the SPECTRUM group in Erie, PA is s5}till together? If so, please let me know how to contact them. On the other hand, we continue to contact other gro5}ups so that we can engage in newsletter exchange with them. We may have the results of some of those contacts in5} the next newsletter. In this month's column, you'll see the results of some "catching up" that I did with newslet5}ters that I received just shortly after the last issue was finished. (FR)ANTIC for July 1996 -- President TOD5}D SUNRUNNER of the AAAUA keeps his members informed of what's happening on the National Atari Echo of FidoNet by printi5}ng some representative messages. (FidoNet, which generally runs on IBM-compatibles with a variety of BBS pro5}grams, carries a large number of echoes -- special interest areas -- and also has the capability of carrying E5}-Mail with and without Internet access, depending on what each individual sysop wishes to carry. The Nation5}al Atari Echo is 8-bit. -- ed.) There is a notice about a web page put up by LESTAT called Atari 6502, which was 5}provided free of charge by a company called, "The BBS List Company," which gives free advertising 5}space to sysops. I guess that the free ad, in the form of a Web page, constitutes a promotion for other services tha5}t the company provides. The issue also contains a table of BASIC graphic modes and their properties and a5} type-in "Singing Star" program by GARY PRUITT (ARINC Microcomputer Club Newsletter, June 1984) JAMES MARTIN's articl5 }e about why he continues to use his Atari is also very worth reading. I'm sure that many of our members will 5!}agree with him. SCAT for Late Summer/Early Fall 1996 -- OHAUG is pleased to welcome to its newsletter exchange progr5"}am the Suburban Chicago Atarians (SCAT). I initiated this transaction as the result of an announcement of their5#} club's next meeting in the comp.sys.atari.8bit newsgroup. I thank President NICK DIMASI of SCAT for 5$}his respnse to my message. Although this combined 8-bit and ST group doesn't produce a newsletter per se, th5%}ey do issue a fine quarterly President's Letter which serves as their newsletter. We have entered into an exchan5&}ge program with them in the hopes of generating some more 8-bit interest in their club. We hope that such 8-bit inter5'}est is reflected in their future President's Letters. At any rate, their current one tells of their having sold 8-bit5(} disks at the MIST AtariFest that was held in July. (FR)ANTIC for August 1996 -- Editor MANUEL GARCIA reports on s5)}ome of things that affect the club in the area of BBSing and Internet use. It's a continuing problem for BBSs --5*} as the Internet picks up, the number of messages on BBSs declines. This and other things lead to sysop burnout5+}, and to keep the tradition of local and networking BBSs alive, other people must assume the role of sysop. Manuel 5,}also talks about his forthcoming demonstations of Discomm and SuperUnarc. LARRY BLACK, moderator of the Fid5-}oNet National Atari Echo, did an on-line review of ICE-T, a terminal program by ITAY CHAMIEL. Larry found s5.}everal shortcomings in the program, as did I, but we're both willing to admit that the concept of the program (80- 5/}columns and VT-100 emulation; both necessary for Internet usage) has merit. Read the review. President TODD SU50}NRUNNER writes an article on saving data to disk using BASIC. His knowledge of programming and his ability to commu51}nicate that knowledge through a written article are obvious. Read the article and learn some valuable techniques52}! PACESetter for August/September 1996 -- I was not aware that Pinellas County ACE takes a summer vacation, but 53} this issue confirms it. Summer is, indeed, a slow time for user groups, so the summer break makes sense. PACE54} is now back from its vacation with renewed energy, and that, too, is apparent from this issue. The article 55}contains a short, but touching tribute to our late president, ALEX PIGNATO. JEAN BROKAW has contributed a novel 56} monthly contest involving the creation of a family coat of arms using a construction set that works with Th57}e Print Shop. (Jean, I'd design one for my family, but it's hard to draw a tooth and a nail -ed.) Jean also 58} does a rundown of some of the information available through the Suncoast Free-Net. I wish we had such a Free59}-Net in our area, and perhaps we will have its equivalent soon. Jean has also filled the article with a vas5:}t assortment of tidbits -- games, puzzles, riddles, all with a nautical theme, together with a recipe and an a5;}nonymous computer poem in the style of Dr. Seuss. (FR)ANTIC for September 1996 -- This issue reprints BOB PUFF'5<}s rather lengthy and informative article on SuperUnarc which, by the way, is his own program and vital if you're goin5=}g to be working with compressed files. DAVID M. ACKLAM announces the A.U.N.T. show which will be held in Dalla5>}s on October 12. CHARLES BROWN's article, reprinted from the August 1987 issue of Fuji Facts, describes an5?}d reviews The Print Shop. XIO3 for September/October 1996 -- ROWLAND GRANT reports on the Atari- JTS transi5@}tion and is rather pessimistic about the future of old Atari properties, particularly the Jaguar. Rowland als5A} reports on some of the 8-bit activities occuring on, or being reported about on the Internet. Among them is5B} KEVIN SAVETZ's ANTIC Web Page project, BOB WOOLLEY's experiments with the IDE interface and a promise to get5C} another issue of AC out when the IDE stuff is finished, and emulators by CHRIS LAM (Rainbow '95), MIKE HILL (POKEY5D}), and MARKUS GIETZEN (XL-It). This issue also reprints a large number of amusing computer-related cartoons. PA5E}CESetter for October 1996 -- The Getting to Know You column this month features BEN TAUTVAISAS, who describes 5F} himself as a mechanical engineer who designed many ingenious machines for manufacturing specialty paper products. 5G} Ben visits Florida every winter, and has been using Atari computers since 1980. He uses his computer to help 5H}solve the cryptograms he finds in his morning newspaper. A reprint of a Z*MAG article by MIKE BLENKIRON, via 5I}the OHAUG Newsletter (Nov./Dec. 1991) discusses how to service keyboards in the various Atari 8-bit computers. JEA5J}N BROKAW, in addition to her usual puzzles and poetry has added a program. It is supposed to produce some eery 5K} heartbeat sounds, just in time for Halloween, but has what appears to be a typo in line 80. Perhaps one of o5L}ur members can fix it? Jean also has some tips for computer users who wear bifocals. There is a reprint of an a5M}rticle on BASIC programming that originally came from The Nine Hells Information Exchange of Philadelphia BBS, a5N}nd deals with undocumented quirks in Atari BASIC that allow faster and more convenient programming. There is n5O}ow a discussion going on in our newsgroup about the origin of the phrase, "It's not a bug, it's a feature." P5P}erhaps an Atarian didn't say it first, but our own BASIC demonstrates the concept very well. Read the article. 5Q} The issue also reprints an article by MANUEL GARCIA (FRantic, April 1996) on uncompressing files and u5R}sing the compressed files as backups. IMAGE for October 1996 -- Somehow, IMAGE seldom seems to publish 8-bit- speci5S}fic articles, although much mention is made of their fine 8-bit members and officers in the minutes. I guess it 5T} takes some doing to get people to write articles these days, but I can only hope that will be the case. When IMAGE doe5U}s present an 8- bit article, it's usually a very good one. Well, this issue hints at the fact that CHARLES LAMB an5V}d DAVE MORRISON are putting together some fine demos. We'll just have to wait and see what the next issue says5W} about them. *+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*os. We'll just have to wait and see what the next issue says49 o=o=o=o=o= Atari 8-Bit Emulators -- Part II By Alan Sharkis Editor, OHAUG Newslet9Y}ter I was sitting at a demonstration of Kodak's digital photography. People attending the demonstration asked all ki9Z}nds of questions, but some of those questions weren't really (pardon the pun) focused. Somebody asked the demonstrat9[}or what the quality of the digital images is like when printed out on an inkjet printer. The reaction of the m9\}ore savvy people in the audience was immediate. They recognized that the question was too general. The demonstrat9]}or wisely responded by saying that it really depended on what you wanted to do with the printout. And so it g9^}oes with total machine emulators. It's an exercise in futility to be totally fair and objective about the products I9_}'m going to describe. The instruments used in this examination must be characterized as unique. My system is not y9`}our system. I'll describe it below, but I have to warn you that subtle differences can affect the way your exper9a}ience with emulation varies from mine. My interest in emulators and needs for them are different from what I se9b}nse is the overall majority of those who will use them. In short, I'm not a game-player. I see the value of pre9c}serving the riches of Atari 8-bit software through another platform (in my case, DOS/Windows/Windows 95) but I probably 9d}won't carry my emulated 8- bit around on a notebook computer. Nevertheless, the subject of emulation is so in9e}teresting to me, that I'll take the risk and invite your comments, rebuttal, etc. I'm running my emulators on a Pent9f}ium 100 with a very ordinary 1-meg video card. My resolution and color depth are 640 x 480, 256 colors. I can get bet9g}ter with my current equipment, but I like what I see here, and it is a kind of common denominator. My sound card is a9q}B%DOS SYSB*)DUP SYSBSRAMDISK COMBVMAINMENUHLPB^WELCOME SCRBfAUTORUN SYSBhAUTORUN COMBiPRESSPRTMNUBmHELP DOCBBJOYSTCKTXTBDNEWSLTR BASB+BULKFORMBASBCBLKFORMTXTBJENWSLTRVTXTBXDEMU02 TXTBSKULL BASB STRING1 BSTRING2 zROCKET BAS SoundBlaster AWE-32 (non plug-and-play, memory raised to 8Mb.) which, while an excellent sound card, doesn't seem to wor9r}k well with the sound emulation developed for more standard SoundBlasters. I have 16 megabytes of RAM, a 256-byt9s}e pipeline cache, a 4X CD-ROM drive, a USR Sportster 28.8 kbps internal fax modem, and two printers - an Okida9t}ta 320 9-pin dot matrix that I keep in IBM emulation when it's working with my clone, and a Hewlett-Packard Desk9u}jet 660c. I've recently increased my hard drive capacity from 1.2 gigabytes to 2.0 gigabytes. COM 2 on my c9v}lone is connected to my Atari system via a switchbox that enables me to select a null-modem connection or a 9w} two-chip SIO2PC connection. My mouse is an Agiler 3- button mouse that works through a COM 5 card at IRQ 10. I've 9x} recently added an inexpensive analog joystick to the system so that I can test that feature in some of the emulators. 9y}The very first 8-bit emulator that I was aware of was Darek Mihocka's ST Xformer. I'd seen demonstrations of it many 9z}years ago, and I recently got to try it again. When Darek formed Branch Only Software and produced the Gemulator, it d9{}idn't seem to impress many of the ST users I knew. So it was interesting to me that years after the ST Xformer's9|} release that Darek would attempt a PC version. I never ran his first PC Xformer, the 2.0, because when it came out I9}} was still working on a '286 with EGA, But 2.5 was the first of his series that I was able to run after purchasing t9~}he system described above. I was impressed. I went out and bought 3.0a, a commercial version with more features.9} The version I'll describe for you, however, was a later one, though not the latest. It's version 3.31, not 3.5. I9}'m aware that 3.5 has a few more features, including the ability to hook up an Atari drive to your IBM's parallel 9}port (with a cable identical to the ST Xformer cable). But, 3.31 is quite capable and I frankly haven't felt the 9}need to upgrade at this time. My 3.31 relies on the excellent printed manual written for 3.0A by Bill Ke9}ndrick. On order, but not received by the time of this writing, is the new version 4.0. The freeware 2.5, I understand9}, is still popular. It's archive contains a documentation file that must be printed out. Whether you use the freeware 9}or the commercial version, you should read the documentation carefully. Many of the features of the emulato9}rs are not obvious. Commercial PC Xformer will run under DOS, Windows 3.x, and Windows 95. It is supposed to run unde9}r OS/2, but I have no way to check that. It will emulate a 130XE and is the only emulator that does that at this9} time. (In all fairness, the freeware versions of Xformer don't go beyond the 800XL, nor do any of the other 9}freeware emulators as I write this article. Just watch! The day after the article is written, one such emulator9} will come out!) It is supposed to display all ANTIC text and graphic modes, and all GTIA modes and be capable9} of displaying 256 colors. I will have more to say about that later. It does Player- Missile graphics with f9}ull collision detection. It reads and writes to both .ATR and .XFD disk images. It can read MS-DOS files and co9}nvert them to .XFD images. It will switch BASIC on and off easily, and will toggle between 800, 800XL and 130XE m9}odes. It will support a PC joystick or do keyboard joystick emulation with a simple command line switch. It will s9}upport the PC's modem and printer, though not always satisfactorily. It achieves full 8- bit speed on a 389}6/33, and speed can be toggled. I have tried PC Xformer with a wide variety of programs. I can state that it wi9}ll not run reliably with copy-protected software that has been "cracked." This, I believe, is intentional on Mr.9} Mihocka's part. He has been very careful to include only AtariDos 2.5 and MyDos among the operating systems he inclu9}des with the package. He doesn't guarantee that all software will run under the emulator, and has specifically state9}d that copy-protected software will not run under the emulator. He's a man who makes his living producing softw9}are, and I can understand his position. The joystick support seems to be spotty. The PC's stick works with t9}his emulator, as long as you're running a BASIC game or application. It even works from non-BASIC, non- copy-prot9}ected applications. I've found graphic representation under this emulator to be somewhat weak in some areas. Fo9}r example, an .ATR I made of Xlent Word Processor shows a difference in color at bottom of the screen that is distractin9}g. No other full-machine emulator I've tried does that. However, PC Xformer WILL print from this word-processor, and9} I believe others, whereas no other emulator to date will support the PC's printer. Here's one of those "w9}hat you're using it for" situations. If running classic Atari games is what you want, and you have no need fo9}r printing, don't use PC Xformer. PC Xformer also has some limited modem support for the PC's modem, which 9} I didn't find satisfactory because of baud-rate restrictions and other problems, yet it's a start in that dire9}ction which no other full-machine emulator has made. Sound in PC Xformer definitely didn't get along well with my A9}WE-32. I was losing channels, and sometimes getting extraneous sounds (high- pitched whistles!) that didn't q9}uit until I exited the program. One sound didn't quit until I rebooted my clone! But in it's own way, PC Xfo9}rmer sets a standard for other emulators to follow. The next full machine emulator to come to my attention is 9}XL-it! by Markus Gietzen. Although the program is freeware, the author will accept donations. He does reserve the rig9}ht to stop anyone from using the emulator. He also prohibits its use in a commercial manner. The version I'm 9} describing is 0.16. I had earlier versions, and I think that 0.16 has significant improvements over them. 9} It has features that aren't incorporated into PC Xformer, but their usefulness varies from user to user. For exa9}mple, a machine-language monitor is included. In the documentation, the author shows how to use this moni9}tor to change the number of lives a character has in Boulder Dash. He does state that the technique doesn't work in9} every game. In XL-it! the number of emulated 1050 drives is four; in PC Xformer the number and nature of the dr9}ives depends on the DOS image that you're using to a maximum of eight. Sound support in XL-it! 0.15 required your So9}undBlaster to play samples that the author provided with the emulator. Although he stated that these samples were pure 9}tones, they did sound a bit ragged to me. Version 0.16 improved the sound by using samples provided by Mike Hill, th9}e author of another emulator described below. In any event, this sampled sound system does provide more reliable so9}und than PC Xformer. If I give the emulator sound commands from BASIC, all four channels are clearly supported. I9}'ve never heard extraneous sounds with XL-it!, and they end when they're supposed to. The author states that sou9}nd should be turned off if it slows the program down too much. Actually, I had the opposite problem; the progr9}am ran too quickly and sometimes had to be put in its "modex" (320x240 pixels) mode to slow it down for normal 9}Atari speed. Both NTSC and PAL video emulation are built in and selectable. There is now some limited PC joysti9}ck support in XL-it!, but there is simulated support using the cursor keys on your PC's keyboard for directional contr9}ol and the "ALT" keys for the fire button. This mode can be switched on and off from the keyboard. It's also poss9}ible to have the program run this emulated joystick as stick 2 for those programs that require it. In any emulator, 9}you'll get a curious mix of what in the Atari operating systems is supported and what isn't. I emulated BASIC in PC9} Xformer and many of the pokes worked well. I didn't get the upside-down text when I poked for it in XL-it!, an9}d I didn't really want to test further. When I tried Xlent Word Processor, I got a very good emulation, including th9}e use of the emulated fire button to open the icon menu and select items from it. XL-it! has no printer support, 9}but I was delighted to see the program give me an I/O error when I asked it to print to a printer without having the9} program crash. In addition to using the command line switches so common with emulators, Markus has added a DOS9}-based user interface screen with pull-down settings for just about everything. A menu allows disk and ROM images 9} to be loaded at any point. I guess that the biggest advantage of using this emulator over PC Xformer is one that w9}e in user groups find difficult to support. XL-it! will run disk and cart images of programs that were originally cop9}y-protected. I will, of course, address this matter in Part IV of this article, as promised (sorry, no previews!) 9} XL- it! cannot run without ROM images of the 800 and/or XL operating systems; nor will it run without the Atari B9}ASIC ROM image. But those three ROM images must be downloaded separately from the executable file and its o9}ther support files, since Markus isn't sure of their ownership. He has the ROM images on his Web site. You must 9}also set up XL-it!'s files with a specific directory structure before you run it. Clear directions are given in t9}he program's well-written documentation. The preview version of Chris Lam's Rainbow '95 is just a start on what pro9}mises to be a very fine emulator. Unfortunately, between the time that this preview version was released and the time I'9}m writing this, there have been no further upgrades. Meantime, Chris has done some further work on his Rainbow for9} Macintosh. The Macintosh version was his first, and he has provided several upgrades to that one. Rainbow '95 wil9}l run under Windows '95 and current versions of Windows NT. However, few of the promised features are implemen9}ted in the preview. The preview version is freeware, but subsequent versions will be shareware. The previe9}w will only run in a small window, but the graphics and colors are well done except for fine vertical 9}scrolling(full screen display, at full speed, is promised for the shareware versions.) All graphics and GTI9}A modes are supported, and there is player-missile graphics with collision detection. There is no sound as yet. R9}ight now, the machine can emulate a 400/800, and an 800xl to some extent (there is no support for the 16K RAM under 9} the ROM.) Full 800xl, 130xe and 5200 support are promised. The emulator promises to accept 8K and 16K cart9}ridge images in the computer modes, and 16K and 32K images in the 5200. It should also run Super Cartridges when c9}ompleted. There will be two virtual disks in the full version, and each will be able to read single- and enhanced-9}density disk images. Right now, only single density is supported on one disk. There will be joystick support for four9} joysticks through the PC's keypad, and four paddles via the mouse. Like XL-It, and for the same reason, the progr9}am does not come with the required OS and BASIC ROM files. Once you get them, you must rename them according to 9} the instructions. I really look forward seeing and using the full version, because Chris wrote his documentation wi9}th the real thing in mind, and put full pull-down menus in the preview version. Unlike other versions that require c9}ommand-line options and switches to be spelled out, Everything can be done from Rainbow 95's menu system9}. Under the System pulldown, you can choose which Atari 8-bit (or 5200) you wish to emulate. There is a provision for9} inserting and removing ROM and SuperRom carts, I guess for the 5200, an "about" feature and an exit selection. 9}The TV selection gives you a choice of normal and several slower speeds, as well as NTSC or PAL emulation. The Ext9}ra pulldown allows you to import or export files, select the size of the view, put the emulator in cheat mode, show 9}frames per second in the display, or pause in the 5200 mode. There are two identical pulldowns for D1: and D2:, bot9}h of which allow inserting a disk, saving an image, selecting single or enhanced density, and a choice called "protec9}ted" which Chris doesn't explain. The Reboot pulldown allows you to either reboot or reinitialize. However, there a9}re boxes that pop up on the preview version when you select an unsupported feature, informing you that9} you have to wait for the full version. C'mon, Chris! I want to see that shareware version come out! Mike Hill's 9}Pokey emulator has also gone through several versions in the short time it's been out. What's more, although Mik9}e's sound samples have gone into Markus's emulator, Mike has also come up with a design for a board that should com9}e closest to emulating real Atari sound. The board fits into the parallel port on the back of the clone, and has a9}n external cable that plugs into your sound card. On the board are three chips and some assorted small parts. And o9}ne of those chips is a genuine Pokey sound chip! If demand is high enough, Mike is going to produce cards that ca9}n go into an internal slot in the clone. Furthermore, he's hard at work incorporating SoundBlaster compa9}tibility into Pokey, as well as printer support. A new version should be out as you read this. The performance of9} Pokey on the screen has to be seen to be believed. The action is smooth and the resolution is almost as sharp9} as that in Rainbow '95, but Pokey runs full- screen and Rainbow 795, at least in the preview, only runs in a small9} window. Joystick support is solid. However, in order to get these results, Mike has had to do something to th9}e BASIC and Atari Dos screens that some of us might not consider absolutely pure. He has the familiar blue backgroun9}d, but the text is in an interesting, if clashing, bright green. Get used to it. The rest of the emulator's perfo9}rmance is worth well the slight departure from authenticity. I regret that I won't be able to write about 9}Rainbow for Mac at this time. Perhaps I can add a small note about it in the next installment, which should descri9}be SIO2PC and A.P.E. You see, I have this great friend with a Mac, but his wife likes to travel ... 9} o=o=o=o=o= A.P.E. 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Machete@Piece of BarkA>J} TorchBGiant VolcanoCTall Palm TreeDlot of TreesEStrange PlatformFBurial PlatformGSymbolic Po>K}leHNative HutINative GirlJFlat BoulderKHungry LionL BellM NativeNStalk of BambooOLarge >L}StonePSmall FireQ Hole 0-B:,,67<,.>:@:7<,,%A(,0  &"( I can't ' ' something.&  0->M}B:,,67<,.>:@:7<,,%A(,0  +'(I don't know what a '' is.+ ( -)(!I don't understand what you mean.>N}- - (I don't see it here. 2 )%(You can't, you don't have it!) 7 ,(( You can't, there's no room here., Z >O}(That's impossible.   4N6-  4S6-  4E6-  4W6-  4D6- $ # 6->P}&"%6-# A0 "@6-@ !@6-& A9A9A@$A@$A@V>Q}A@uAAAAAA AA AAPAAuAAABAB%AB%ABPABuAC AC%>R} +")"@)"@+6-&@  6-&$ 6-@P622@P&@@6  9-@>S}6?P22@u%@6 9$H h-@6-@:7<,,52@@C-@G Q2>T}h-@6?uI *A2@# ' *$z e-@"!6-@:7<,,72@@O2@>U}'@e-@:7%<%,,$ ( 2 %2@($ y-@@%6-@:7<,,;2>V}@@Y2@'@@a-e u2@y   2$ K*!%@6-7(You>W}r torch just went out.A A5PK A5 (A5  %@A5 R 6- (The fire went out..-@>X};7<,4H67<,.XR A5   "AP  <!@*(8(7<,You have starved to death.< >Y} <"A8(7<,You have taken to many turns.<  ()"P:,A5  "A5  ? % >Z} 6-H:,   6-%  (  "   ? %  ?P*( %  6-H:,  )"A>[})"A%6-AP)  $<!@ n+ "'(You are carrying to much.+ 4 -7<,4>:,>\} *67<,.X4 A@A -7<,4>:,=(You already have that item.A    @A@>]}6 -7<,4 6-,6-%@6 A@B 1(%Not without something to put them in.>67<,. B 7 6>^}-%6-%@)")"@76-%@1#"@)"@)"@16-%@"@6-@>_}< %@-$7<,4X267<,.>:,< A@! a @W-@9(@You are carrying >`}?6.K &@ W6-a @  " !@ ! -!7<,4>:,A@(   >a}aG+"@*A,)+"@*A,)+"@*AP,O6-&W6-&a A@0 A@1C A335(#>b}It shattered into a million pieces!9 C A@!;#"@)"@)"@' 1 AE; A@8"AP*>c}" AD!!"@*APA@E"@**!@ 1"@*6-&'6-&@1 A@9>d}J A1 -&7<,4X467<,.>:,@ %@J A@8 )6-&@  A@S) A@!>e}/ A@Q-"7<,4 /67<,.X7<,4 67<,.X? -7<,4X)67<,. 5 %@>f}? A@C G -7<,4X%67<,. -6-&9 %@= G A@! !@ =  >g}A33-&7<,4X367<,.= A@H C -7<,4X%67<,.1 %@96-%C A@P>h}  6-& A@!="AP9(%You can't drop the bag of nails here.= $U"@*)(The >i}torch went out./6-E"A)"AQ6-APU $"A@`@ A Q>j} 0($It says: Girls fancy precious stonesM(Men prefer dark beads.Q B -7<,4 8(It>k} reads:B A@b   P%(To lower the weir around thisL("atoll, leave a glister on a stone.P 7 @)>l}!@3(You can't climb that!7 ''&@A@wA@A@AP A6-A =(%You s>m}lid over the top to a new place.A >"A)"AP:(You can't climb these trees.> AP  >n}6-A A*A P  "A6-@6-AP 7"@ *"A3(S>o}he's not into that!7 ,@((You can't eat that !, P -7<,4>:, F($Thanks, but it tasted k>p}ind of funny.P AA   3 6-&6-&@%6-@) 3 A@! @)  +'(You alrea>q}dy drank the milk.+  M -7<,4 =(Thank you, it was delicious.I6-@M      )%!@)>r}*+@1*@2,) 7 BP7"@*+"A)"AP,AA!!"@*"APAA0--"@>s}*+"A)"A P,AA0!@6-%- --7<,4>:,)7<,4>:,AA    !>t}@AA%AA AA"AA!AA#AA$AA$AA%AA$AA!AAAAFAABAA&>u}AA!AA(AA0gg&@AA"AA#AA1AA3AA2AAAAAAAAAA@A>v}A41-(%There's nothing interesting about it.1 +('(It's full of coconut milk.+ *&(Looks like it could >w}be useful.* +'(It has something written on it.+ +'(Sounds like something's inside.+ (It's very fragile>x}.  (It looks like flint. %!(It seems quite sharp.% (Seems kind of dull.  &"(It's bur>y}ning brightly.& !(It isn't burning. "(It looks climable. #+'(She'd like a sign of affection.+ $&">z}(It seems quite ferocious !& %#(It has ashes around it.# &B -7<,4>(!There's a Crystal Skull in t>{}here.B '! (It's quite empty.! ,(It seems quite hot. .!(They could be useful.! 1"(It's quite >|}sea-worthy." 2#(It's full of nails.# 3 - AA56@ 7A 86-A>}}  O*@3 P> B A:(I don't see her around here.> Q)(%(She'd like a gift fi>~}rst.) RAAS " Tq  A4#A @D(That was quite pleasing. Shee(thanks you by dr>}oping a saw.q6-@UI -7<,4X%67<,.1 %@?6-%@I A@!V XQ)(!Being the sav>}age that she is, sheM(stabs you for being too kinky !Q Y6@2(You can't light that on fire !6 Z:()>}AP6(I don't see a fire around here.: [ - 7<,4AA\   ]C 6-%@9(It's now >}lit, but not for long.?6-C h@# iA j"AAyk*  AB-&7<,4>}* lS '(Suddenly, a native appears/-<7<,4XI67<,.S ABm n, %@-,7<>},4ABo%  (.6-%@% A@!rk( and takes;($the pearl. He says 'Dig a hole where](the ground >}can measure time.'k6-%@%s&67<,.X %@& A@!t_-@(-@6?P>2@u@>}T2@u@X \ _$@%*@ "@%AB57"AP3(You can't do >}that to this tree.7 =A*AP9(I don't see any trees here.=  (You already did. @ ->}7<,4 *6-%@66-@@ AB2/ +(You can't do that empty handed./ /"A67<,>}. )67<,.X/6./"AP67<,. )67<,.X/6.Z B3(!As this tree falls, so do all theP(>}rest in the dark forest.Z A@!1A-(I don't see a Stalk here.1  (You already did.  ->} 7<,4 AB9 AB10(,(The Machete's not sharp enough.0 >6-@ !6-%@.67<>},. 46.> A@!@( *&(You can't dig a hole here.* #")+"AP*!@,#  ->} 7<,4ABU4 0($You don't have anything to dig with.4 D ABa-"7<,4@(There's al>}ready one here.D C  - 7<,4X-67<,.9 %@C ABX AP A@!T+(>}#A Crystal Skull is inside the hole!96-%@C-%P7<,0XT 467<,.6-%@* %@4 A@>}!2(.(!Not until you do something first.2 $@ /AP+(You can't do that here./ >}K -7<,4  (6-@G(Your Machete is now sharp.K     @1 /AP+(>}You can't do that here./ *(&(You can't do that...Yet!!* 9@5(!You're missing an essential item.9>} =!@9(%Drop the things you don't need first.= , 6-% 6-AP(6.XXXXXX, @0*>}@4 W B0 "AP+6-%@P1(}CAVAEM @W AC0V*("Sleeping on Skull I>}sland is risky.R(#A head-hunter has just scalped you.V m-@6-?:C:,<,# 1-@=-@m(>}@"@@@ %%% CONGRATULATIONS!!! %%% @@@oA$/2$@@@G2@$@K ]A>}A(k-@@o e-@16-@:7<,,52@@Y2@$@@@a->}e ! 2 !2@o6-?:C:,<@,)-@@Q( You have survived a journey thrui(>} Skull Island.o6-h( You are now livingH(" on Paradise Isle with the natived( girl as your wife.>}h 0K -7<,4 %67<,.1 %@5 9 A6-%K AD1   $2b A346-&=(#As the rock>} strikes the boulder, it\(lights the bamboo on fire.b6-3 6-& A@!\0 -7<,4>:,&67<,.X0 A>}DF] ^"@6-_"@6-`$ 6-&"@AE"@AE n,($The>} Skull disappears into a cloud ofP(smoke as the fence lowers here.Z APf6-@n6-%A @6->}$` -7<,4@(#He thanks you and says: 'Dig a holeV(where the ground` AE  6-%( >}A@6&( can measure time.'#6-%&$/ (She takes it gratefully.,6-@/$L-A@%A >};2@@? I2L$'`-@6-#6-@- B96-@E6-@O BS >}] A33`$'Z-%@6 Be$ <-%@@F BeJ Z2@' 2->} $Q'62@$@32@$?p6$. " $. 2"@0$2( Watch it! :&#>}@)*@1*@2&$:@)BQ:5 -(+7<,4)7<,4,*(+'5 BU:   :>}AP ;  AAE<# (It looks drinkable.# >  >? B`AR'-@47<>},4 ;( ? >*(>:@:7<,,%@d, &( *>0-B:,,67<,.>:@:7<,,%@,0 >.4 [_O]^*XO>}L_VK+$ B. BgP>AR B hBC"A P)+"AP*(,5AH:,$APC6-%>ViB >}6-%? @ $mB/ ( +(7<,Is anyone out there?/ PF??P:@$H:,%,BBBB>}BF6-A6.$G6-A6.$|G6-AP6.$G6-AP6.$DH6-AP>}6.$Hqu+@A+B7tA7ACAROA a-@@u(Initializing...>}IqP-@?0%A ) @-@6?0LA P JqAY0u- B-@>} D:STRING25u/ 6-C:,!(/:u--A6A)$( -?uD@>} D:STRING156-?:A<Bhd,:D BPu3+AY@4(0(File not found.3z\I6.?GETTAKDROGIVREA>}CLIEATDRIEXALOOENTKISHUGLIGRINCUTSAWDIGSHABUIGOT\6. NSEWDIHQXYZ%z@+6.!NORSOUEASWESDOWINVHELQUIXXXYYYZZZ@6. >}zpp6.fSHEPAPWOOCOCPEADIAROCSKUSAWBAMBAGNAIMACBARTORVOLTREPLAPOLHUTGIRBOULIOBELNATSTASTOFIRHOLMILSLEBOASHIYOUz6>}7A<A,.HEL|R6.XXXXXX6.6."6.(6..6.46.:6.@6.F6.L6.R6.|K 6.6.6.>}6.!6.'6.-6.36.96.?6.E6.K6. |d 6.67<,.#67<,.067<,.=67<,.J67<,>}.W67<,.d67<,.|d67<,.67<,.*67<,.767<,.D67<,. Q67<,. ^67<,.>}d6.|_67<,.67<,.+67<,.867<,.E67<,.R67<,. _67<,.|;67<,.!6. >} O.K.;6.  What's next 8|f 6. $+0AYBA@TA@fA >}AV9||@A'B7tA9AVAE?-[(@@@ skull island @@@gARy@>}|(:|s-@@(BY+-@G(%&% %&%s('  Copyright 1989   John Patuto >};|b(*( A.N.A.L.O.G. Computing<AY@4F BX@@b B<|Q-@$@e'>}6-@:7<,,5-@M2%@@Q =|W+-@:7%<%,,'@ '+&@,/ 92= G2>}W2@>| 2$B|P-@  )@S:;@AMB7tAP$|2 (*!>}.(You're slowly growing weaker.2 |OOA4PA4uABB0A4uAPBBA33| ->}  |}-@@#%6-@:7<,,;2@@Y2@'@@i-'@Pm }2@>}| 2$ } (*( A4P }& A&(Want to try again  } )"@% }@x>}B }P (} (-(B($ 堡 F P B "}:,($ >} 0 : B "}52H:,$AU@5F:B2y,B "}% D:SKULL.1 <f 0000fff3ff3$BB$BffB 08ppp888f<p|>f 0z:zB}6f|6f6f~6f6`~00```&f|ffl8Άl8,&f>`@`0 xx6B}cΪ8pp8?쪪B}DDN?ww??f8\00 pJJNȮf:X x`x`~<~~