Setting
up Atari800Win PLus
Welcome
to the third part in my emulation series, this
month I will be spending some time taking you through the
basic steps to setting up an emulator. I will also
be discussing a few ways of getting ROMs from
your real Atari into your emulator without having
to scour the internet for illegal ones.
Setting up and
using an emulator can be a little confusing
if you have never used one before. Many authors
assume that the end user has a great amount
of knowledge about the computer they are wishing
to emulate. For
example, you
may have only ever used an Atari to play games
on,
to type letters or do the accounts and were never interested
in how it worked. If this is the case, you
will find statements like "set BIT 7 on PORTB
to access memory location... blah... blah..."
just a
little confusing!
Thankfully most recent
emulators use an intuitive interface to access
most of the relevant parts of the virtual machine,
but in order to use them properly you must first
have a basic understanding of how the original
machine worked. The following examples
will take you through every step of setting
up the emulator
Atari800Win PLus. I have chosen Atari800Win
PLus mainly because of its Windows
based interface, but also because it is one
of the most comprehensive emulators I use.
Installation The installation
is in the form of a short wizard. I am
not generally fond of wizards, but this one
is both
short and functional with three basic
steps;
- Shortcuts
- Operating
system and BASIC ROM images
- File association
of Atari files
Step 1 - Shortcuts
Here I would suggest
leaving both boxes (Start Menu and Desktop)
checked so a
shortcut for the emulator is created on your desktop
and within your Start Menu. Click the Next
button to continue.
Step 2 - Operating
system and BASIC ROM images
This step can
be awkward if you are not sure where your ROM
files are. If you have several emulators
like myself, I tend to have a folder just for
ROMs and set all my links to the one folder. For simplicity you can copy your ROM files
into the ROMs folder created when you originally
unzipped AtariWin PLus.
So that AtariWin
PLus knows where to find your ROM files, you
need to type in the location of the files here
or locate them using the Windows file selector
by clicking on the buttons for each
OS. Click the Next button to continue.
Step 3 - File
association
of Atari files
For now, I would suggest
leaving the boxes unchecked because some of
the file types may clash with your current Windows
system settings, however, feel free to change it later when you
are more confident with the software. Click
the Finish button and your virtual Atari should
burst into life.
To get any further
you will need some disk images, preferably DOS
2.5, DOS XE, or MyDOS. Although they can
be found bundled with other emulation software,
the only one that has obtained permission from
Atari to do this is the author of Xformer 2000. If you like, play around with BASIC,
you will find that the emulator behaves exactly
like an Atari (although using the keyboard takes
a bit of getting used to). Should you experience
any problems, the help menu
is very comprehensive and will take you through
the basics of using the drop down menus.
Like
I said we need some disk images, this is where
it gets interesting. For public domain software,
I recommend that you visit www.newbreedsoftware.com/xlsearch/.
This site has
literally thousands of on-line disks to both
download and run, however, it is more fun to
port across your own.
Transferring disk images and your operating
system To physically
transfer files from a real 8-bit to a PC
has been the holy grail for years. Many
ideas have come and gone but the few that remain
are both tried and tested and relatively easy
to do. These are;
- Direct connection
to the Atari.
- Via a modem
or null-modem cable.
- Using a
5¼ inch
disk drive.
Using the original
Atari disk in a modern PC is impossible as the
Atari disk format is totally incompatible. However, we
can use a modified drive such as the
Disk Doubler or Happy 1050 to write the
information in the standard IBM format for 5¼ inch disks. To
do this you will need such a drive in your PC, but
unfortunately they disappeared
from PCs a decade ago and are now quite
hard to obtain. Although do not give up
too easily as I was lucky to find
two brand new 5¼ inch drives at a boot fair.
An alternative method
is to transfer the files using a null-modem
cable using terminal software on both the 8-bit
and PC. However, how many of us have an Atari 850
interface or 8-bit modem?! We therefore need a modern
solution which everyone can use.
This leaves us with a final solution... to directly connect the 8-bit to the PC.
Direct connection
sounds like madness, but it's not. The
Serial Input/Output (SIO) interface on
the 8-bit is quite similar to the RS232/Serial
connections on a modern PC. Using a suitable
cable and software it is possible to fool the
8-bit into thinking it is talking to an Atari
piece of hardware, when it is in fact talking
to a modern PC. One such cable is the
APE interface available from Steven Tucker.
It costs around £80 for the cable and
software, but is well worth it. I was
going to construct the cable myself but Steve
provides one in a special moulded cable with
over 500MB of software on a CD-ROM which includes
a personalised copy of the APE software
for Windows 98.
I won't go into detail
about how to set-up and use APE here as I am
saving that for another article. However, I
am pleased to report that APE's instructions
so easy to follow that I was up and running in five
minutes flat.
The following photograph
shows my Atari 65XE with the APE cable in
the SIO port on the right of the Atari and the
video cable plugged into the front of my video
recorder.
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I use the built-in capture facility
of my Asus video card in my PC instead of a
television, this keeps screens to a minimum
on my PC desk and allows screen grabs for articles
such as this.
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APE has many
functions. One of the best is to use a folder
on your PC as a virtual disk. The virtual
disk concept works by taking the raw data from
the diskette and creating a single file version
of it on the PC's hard drive.
For example,
let's say that the following data represents
information stored on an Atari diskette: 0 0 0 123 54
67 98 0 0 0 0 0 3 8 34 241 33 6 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. The numbers represent
data while the zeros represent a part of the disk
which is unused.
What a virtual disk does is take
the data numbers and create what is effectively
a large text file containing ASCII data. If you
look at a virtual disk in Notepad on a PC it
looks just like gibberish. This is because the
information is not in a form of English, but
the raw data which the Atari understands. Virtual disks should
represent the size and format they were originally
in (single, enhanced or double density).
APE gives you
the option of using your hard drive as an Atari
diskette, that is, you are writing files directly
to the PC, it is not hidden in a virtual disk.
This subsequently allows you to use as much hard
drive space as
you like... 30GB enough for you? There is no
real limit, only what the Atari can access at
once which depends on the DOS (Disk Operating
System) you are using at the time.
Those
of you that are familiar with Atari DOS 2.5 should keep
folders small as this DOS cannot access large
amounts of data at a time. Also remember that
Atari's DOS generally cannot understand sub-directories
/ sub-folders. It is therefore recommended that
you treat each folder as a separate disk.
By writing directly
to your PC in exactly the same way your PC access
files it means that we are able to copy files
and create our own ROM files. The
following screen-shot shows the APE software
with all eight Atari drives represented. Disk
drive one is a virtual disk with DOS 2.5 while drive
two is what APE calls a PC-MIRROR (a drive
represented by a folder on the PC).
If you have used
Atari DOS before, you will not doubt be familiar with
the copy disk option in the menu. With
the APE cable daisy-chained to say a Atari
1050 disk drive, copying your physical Atari DOS
diskettes to a virtual disk on your PC couldn't
be easier. There
are no catches... it is really as easy as that!
APE turns your PC into a piece of Atari hardware
the old 8-bit thinks it is really talking to
a second 1050 disk drive.
Let's first try
copying a DOS disk to a folder.
Open the
folder on your PC and it should look something
like the following;
You will notice
however that DOS 2.5 will not let you copy DOS.SYS
or DUP.SYS across. This is because it checks
to see what format the disk is formatted in
first which confuses the DOS and it will not
do it. The same happens if we try to write
just the DOS files to disk drive two. Solution?
We must use either the APE software, or Atari800Win
PLus
to create a virtual floppy disk and use that
instead.
Here is how to
create a new virtual disk using Atari800Win
PLus;
From the menu
bar at the top of the screen choose Atari, then
select Disk drives.
In the Drive
Selections dialog, select the New image button
at the bottom left of the window.
In this dialog,
choose a disk density, preferably enhanced if
you wish to use Atari DOS 2.5. The option
at the bottom of the window is asking which
drive you want to put it in, but don't worry too
much about it as it only affects the emulation
software, we just need the disk image. Click
Create and the following file selector will appear;
Browse to where
you want your disk image to be put and select
Save.
Now we have the
disk image, we can do a straight copy from drive
one to drive two with your Atari via APE, using
the virtual disk file instead of a real floppy
disk. When you have done it try copying
other floppy disks, you can back-up most of
your collection this way, although some copy
protected disks could be a problem.
Now we have a
DOS disk to use with our emulator, what about
the ROMs? As I mentioned before, although it is
possible to use ROMs downloaded with other emulators,
the problem with this is that you don't know
what you are getting. I am not saying
that there are any viruses out there for 8-bits,
but it is possible. The only safe way
to get a ROM into your emulator is to copy the
one hardwired into your real Atari.
How to do it?
Taking a look at the instructions that came
with Atari800Win PLus proved an eye-opener! The
following is an extract from the help file;
Set bit 7 of
port B... Eh? I decided to reach for my copy of Mapping The
Atari.
It didn't take
long to understand what the author meant, but
for a beginner it could be difficult. I
have written a couple of small Atari BASIC programs
to do the donkeywork for you.
They are
by no means fast but you can see what they are
doing, and you will find them easy to alter
if you wish to change which drive you want the
files sent too. Firstly, let's create an
operating system ROM file.
Line 30 takes
care of setting bit 7 of port B, this makes sure
that the rest of the program works okay, otherwise
half of the ROM won't be copied.
Line 40 is the
Disk drive number and filename. By setting
it to drive two, this lets you boot into BASIC
with drive one using a real 1050 drive, then
via APE set-up a folder to use as a PC-Mirror for drive two and the ROM file will be
saved there.
Having made sure
that APE has a second drive set-up mirrored
on your PC, type RUN on the Atari and wait.
It will take several minutes to run through
each part of the memory dump process, but you
can see what it happening, an ever-increasing
list of numbers will run up the screen until
the program has run its course.
Now we need a
copy of Atari BASIC.
This is a much
simpler process; line 40 is the disk drive number
and filename. I recommend leaving virtual disk
settings of APE alone, this way the BASIC ROM
will be saved next to the operating system ROM
and will be easy to find. Type RUN on the Atari
and let the program to create the file - job
done!
All you need do now is try these
ROMs in your Atari emulator as discussed at
the beginning of this article, I can tell you
the first time I did it, I could not believe
that it worked first time, so I did it again.
The process should work both ways;
you could take a modified ROM from an emulator
and put it into a real Atari - that's one to
experiment with. Remember old 800XLs
came with a buggy version of BASIC, so you may
want to use one from the XE series of home computers
instead.
Now that you
have an emulator up and running, next time I
will be taking a look at a bit of trouble shooting,
but if you are having problems or would just
like to know a bit more then please contact
me here at MyAtari.
m.preston@myatari.co.uk
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